本文選題：公司職員 + 人格�。� 參考：《北京中醫(yī)藥大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究背景 隨著現(xiàn)代社會工作和生活節(jié)奏加快,競爭的日益激烈,房價物價的攀升,人們承受的心理壓力也日益增大,尤其是一線大城市居民的心理健康問題已表現(xiàn)的越來越嚴重。其中以抑郁癥的發(fā)病率上升最為明顯。 抑郁癥十分常見,以顯著而持久的心境低落為主要表現(xiàn),可對個體的社會功能造成嚴重危害,甚至引發(fā)自殺,而對于社會而言,將產(chǎn)生嚴重的醫(yī)療經(jīng)濟負擔。 公司職員作為社會財富的主要創(chuàng)造者,社會經(jīng)濟增長的主要貢獻者,其心理健康狀況不容忽視。而目前針對于該人群的研究較少,研究者更多的關注大學生、中學生、老年人等群體的心理健康狀況。 因此,關注公司職員群體的心理健康狀態(tài),根據(jù)該類人群的特點,結合中醫(yī)治未病的思想,早期預防,早期干預,從而提高其整體心理健康水平,對于整個社會的進步與發(fā)展,有著極其重要的意義。 目的 本研究為對北京地區(qū)公司職員人群心理健康狀況的評測,以綜合量表為篩選手段,對該人群的心理學變化特點進行評價,同時對量表間的內(nèi)在關聯(lián)進行分析,探討導致該人群產(chǎn)生抑郁癥狀的主要因素,提出相關建議與對策,維護該人群的心理健康。 研究方法 2010年9月～2011年12月間對590名北京地區(qū)不同類型,不同行業(yè)的公司職員發(fā)放調(diào)查問卷,問卷包括世界衛(wèi)生組織生存質(zhì)量測定量表簡表(WHOQOL－BREF).流調(diào)中心用抑郁量表(CES.D)、中國生活事件量表(LES)及大五人格問卷(Neo-FFI). 結果 1403名公司職員的抑郁癥狀檢出率為27.54%(CES-D得分≥16分),其中可能有抑郁癥狀者占37.84%,肯定有抑郁癥狀者占29.73%,重度抑郁癥狀者占32.43%； 2不同亞群公司職員CES-D量表得分比較顯示,不同年齡、不同婚姻狀態(tài)、參與體育鍛煉與否、進行自我保健與否的公司職員的抑郁癥狀檢出率及CES-D量表分數(shù)比較有統(tǒng)計學差異(P0.05),其中20-29歲、未婚、不參加體育鍛煉、不進行自我保健的職員抑郁癥狀檢出率高,CES-D量表分數(shù)高；不同性別、不同月收入、不同學歷、吸煙與否、飲酒與否、是否是北京出生的公司職員抑郁癥狀檢出率及CES-D量表分數(shù)比較無統(tǒng)計學差異(P0.05)； 3有抑郁癥狀與無抑郁癥狀公司職員WHOQOL-BREF量表得分、LES量表得分、負性生活事件分數(shù)、大五人格問卷中的情緒穩(wěn)定性、外向性、隨和性及責任心評分比較具有統(tǒng)計學差異(P0.05),有抑郁癥狀的職員LES量表得分、負性生活事件得分、情緒穩(wěn)定性(神經(jīng)質(zhì))得分高于無抑郁癥狀職員,同時他們的WHOQOL-BREF量表得分、外向性、隨和性及責任心比無抑郁癥狀職員差； 4不同抑郁程度的公司職員WHOQOL-BREF量表得分、生存質(zhì)量總評、生理心理領域評價得分比較有統(tǒng)計學差異(P0.05),其中可能抑郁者WHOQOL-BREF量表得分、心理領域評分最高,肯定抑郁者生存質(zhì)量總評最高；其LES量表得分、負性生活事件得分的比較無統(tǒng)計學差異(P0.05)； 5不同亞群公司職員WHOQOL-BREF量表評分比較結果顯示,不同月收入的公司職員的生存質(zhì)量總評比較有統(tǒng)計學差異(P0.05),其中月收入6000元以上總評最高,3000元以下最低；不同婚姻狀態(tài)的公司職員對WHOQOL-BREF量表評分、生理、心理及環(huán)境領域的評價比較有統(tǒng)計學差異(P0.05),已婚職員的上述評分好于未婚職員；不同學歷、不同出生地的公司職員WHOQOL-BREF量表評分比較無統(tǒng)計學差異(P0.05)； 6公司職員中發(fā)生頻率最高的5件事為：工作學習中壓力大41.44%、對現(xiàn)職工作不滿意34.99%、戀愛或訂婚32.75%、住房緊張27.79%、開始就業(yè)26.30%。不同年齡的公司職員LES量表得分比較有統(tǒng)計學差異(P0.05),其中20-29歲的職員該量表得分最高。不同性別、不同婚姻狀態(tài)公司職員生活事件得分的比較無統(tǒng)計學差異(P0.05)； 7CES-D量表評分與WHOQOL-BREF量表評分及各維度評分成顯著負相關(P0.05),說明CES-D量表分數(shù)對生存質(zhì)量總評、健康狀態(tài)總評及各領域均有顯著影響,抑郁癥狀越顯著,生存質(zhì)量總評、健康狀態(tài)總評及各領域的評價越低,其中抑郁癥狀和心理、生理關系最為密切； 8LES量表中負性生活事件得分與WHOQOL-BREF量表評分及各維度評分成顯著負相關(P0.05),其中對環(huán)境和健康狀態(tài)總評的影響最顯著； 9LES量表中負性家庭生活事件得分與WHOQOL-BREF量表中的生存質(zhì)量總評、健康狀態(tài)總評及除去社會關系的各維度評分呈顯著負相關(P0.05),而與社會關系領域評分無顯著相關性(P0.05)；負性工作學習生活事件得分與WHOQOL-BREF量表總評及各領域得分均成顯著負相關(P0.05),其中心理、生理領域與負性工作學習生活事件關系最為密切；負性社會交往生活事件分數(shù)與WHOQOL-BREF量表健康狀態(tài)總評、心理及社會關系領域得分呈顯著負相關(P0.05),與生存質(zhì)量總評及生理、環(huán)境領域得分均無顯著相關性(P0.05),其中健康狀態(tài)總評與負性社會交往生活事件關系最為密切； 10LES量表中的負性生活事件得分與CES-D量表得分成顯著正相關(P0.05),說明負性生活事件對公司職員的抑郁癥狀有顯著影響,其中負性工作學習生活事件對公司職員的抑郁癥狀影響最為顯著； 11NEO-FFI量表中情緒穩(wěn)定性、外向性、開明性、隨和性和責任心五個維度得分與CES-D)量表得分均呈顯著相關關系(P0.05),其中CES-D量表分數(shù)與情緒穩(wěn)定性呈顯著正相關關系(P0.05),與其他四個維度呈顯著負相關關系(P0.05),而情緒穩(wěn)定性得分與CES-D量表分數(shù)相關度最高,說明公司職員的情緒受到其人格特征的影響,情緒穩(wěn)定性的程度對其情緒影響最顯著。 結論 1北京地區(qū)公司職員人群心理健康狀況不容忽視,抑郁癥狀檢出率高于課題組此前調(diào)查的農(nóng)民工群體及在京大學生群體,應給予足夠的關注和重視。 2公司職員抑郁癥狀同年齡、婚姻狀態(tài)、參與體育鍛煉、進行自我保健、負性生活事件、負性工作學習生活事件、個性中的情緒穩(wěn)定性、外向性、隨和程度及責任心有密切的關系。公司職員的生存質(zhì)量同月收入、婚姻狀態(tài)、負性生活事件、抑郁癥狀密切相關。年齡不同,公司職員的生活事件有顯著差異。 3建議從公司、個人、家庭、社會四個不同的層面,采取相應的措施,維護公司職員人群心理健康。調(diào)查過程中,出現(xiàn)公司職員人群對抑郁癥等精神疾患的高度關注和不適度恐慌,提示有關行業(yè)主管部門對精神疾患預防工作的急需和必要性；建議加強正面宣傳和專業(yè)引導,以提高我國公眾對抑郁癥等精神疾患的認知度和正確防范意識,尤其是強化早期防范及早期干預心理認同度。
[Abstract]:Research background
With the rapid pace of work and life in the modern society, the increasingly fierce competition and the rising price of house prices, the psychological pressure of people is increasing. Especially, the mental health problems of the residents in the large cities are becoming more and more serious. Among them, the incidence of depression is most obvious.
Depression is very common, with a significant and persistent depression as the main manifestation, which can cause serious harm to the social function of the individual and even lead to suicide, and for the society, it will produce a serious medical economic burden.
As the main creator of social wealth and the main contributor to social and economic growth, the psychological health of the employees can not be ignored. At present, the research on the population is less, and the researchers pay more attention to the psychological health status of the college students, middle school students and the elderly.
Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to the psychological state of the staff members of the company, according to the characteristics of the group, combine the thought of treating the disease without disease, early prevention and early intervention, so as to improve the overall mental health level of the whole society, and it is of great significance to the progress and development of the whole society.
objective
This study is to evaluate the mental health status of the staff of the regional Corporation in Beijing. By using the comprehensive scale as the screening method, the characteristics of the psychological changes of the population are evaluated, and the internal correlation between the scales is analyzed, and the main factors that lead to the depressive symptoms of the population are discussed, and the relevant suggestions and countermeasures are put forward to maintain the population. Mental health.
research method
From September 2010 to December 2011, a questionnaire was issued to 590 different types and different industries in Beijing. The questionnaire included the WHO quality of life scale (WHOQOL BREF), the Depression Scale (CES.D), the Chinese life event scale (LES) and the Big Five Personality Questionnaire (Neo-FFI).
Result
The detectable rate of depressive symptoms in 1403 employees was 27.54% (CES-D score > 16), of which 37.84% were depressive symptoms, 29.73% were depressive symptoms and 32.43% were severe depressive symptoms.
2 the scores of 2 different subgroup employees showed that there was a significant difference in the rate of depressive symptoms and the scores of CES-D in the employees of different ages, different marriages and physical exercise or not (P0.05), which were 20-29 years old, not married, and did not take part in self health care. The rate of depressive symptoms was high and the score of CES-D was high, and there was no statistical difference in the prevalence of depressive symptoms and CES-D scores in Beijing born company employees, with different sex, different monthly income, different educational background, smoking or not, and drinking or not.
3 the WHOQOL-BREF score of depressive symptoms and non depressive symptoms, the score of LES, the score of negative life events, the emotional stability, extroversion, amiability, and the score of responsibility in the large five personality questionnaire were statistically different (P0.05), the score of LES in the staff with depressive symptoms, the scores of negative life events, and the emotional stability. The scores of qualitative (neuroticism) were higher than those without depressive symptoms, and their WHOQOL-BREF scale scores, extroverts, amiability and responsibility were worse than those without depressive symptoms.
4 the scores of WHOQOL-BREF scale, total quality of life and the evaluation of physiological and psychological fields were statistically different (P0.05). Among them, the WHOQOL-BREF scale score of the depressed people, the highest score in the psychological field, the highest evaluation of the quality of life for the depressed people, the score of the LES scale, the score of negative life events There was no statistical difference (P0.05).
5 the results of the WHOQOL-BREF scale of the staff of different subgroups showed that the total evaluation of the quality of life of the employees with different monthly income had a statistically significant difference (P0.05), of which the monthly income was above 6000 yuan and the lowest was below 3000 yuan. The company staff in different marital status scored the scale of the WHOQOL-BREF scale, physiology, psychology and environment. There were statistical differences (P0.05). The above scores of married employees were better than those of unmarried employees; there was no statistical difference in the WHOQOL-BREF scale of employees with different educational backgrounds and different birthplaces (P0.05).
The highest frequency of 5 of the employees in the 6 company was: 41.44% of the stress in the work study, 34.99% for the present job, 32.75% for love or engagement, 27.79% in the housing tension, and the difference in the score of the LES scale of the employees with different ages of employment 26.30%. (P0.05), and the highest score in the scale of the staff of 20-29 years of age. There was no significant difference in the scores of life events between employees in different gender and marital status (P0.05).
The 7CES-D scale was significantly negatively correlated with the WHOQOL-BREF scale score and the dimensions of each dimension (P0.05). It showed that the score of the CES-D scale had a significant impact on the total evaluation of the quality of life, the general evaluation of health and all the fields, the more significant the depression, the total evaluation of the quality of life, the lower the evaluation of the health state and the evaluation of the various fields, among which the depressive symptoms and the psychology, The physiological relationship is most closely related.
The score of negative life events in the 8LES scale was significantly negatively correlated with the score of WHOQOL-BREF scale and the scores of each dimension (P0.05), and the most significant impact on the general assessment of the environment and health status was found.
The score of negative family life events in the 9LES scale was negatively correlated with the total assessment of the quality of life in the WHOQOL-BREF scale, the general assessment of health and the scores of all dimensions to remove social relations (P0.05), but no significant correlation with the score of social relations (P0.05); the score of negative working learning and life events and the overall evaluation of the WHOQOL-BREF scale and the various kinds of scores were also found. There were significant negative correlation (P0.05), among which psychological, physiological and negative work learning and life events were most closely related; negative social communication life events scores and WHOQOL-BREF scale health status, psychological and social relations scores were significantly negative (P0.05), and the overall assessment of quality of life and the field of environment. There was no significant correlation between scores (P0.05), and the general health status was closely related to negative social interaction life events.
The negative life events in the 10LES scale were significantly correlated with the CES-D scale (P0.05), indicating that negative life events had a significant impact on the depressive symptoms of the employees, and the negative work learning and life events had the most significant impact on the depressive symptoms of the employees.
In the 11NEO-FFI scale, the scores of emotional stability, extroversion, openness, amiability, and the five dimensions of the sense of responsibility were significantly correlated with the score of CES-D (P0.05), and the score of the CES-D scale was positively correlated with the emotional stability (P0.05), and was negatively correlated with the other four dimensions (P0.05), but the score of emotional stability and the score of the emotional stability were significantly correlated with the scores of emotional stability (P0.05). CES-D scale scores were the highest, indicating that employees' emotions were affected by their personality traits, and the degree of emotional stability had the most significant impact on their emotions.
conclusion
1 the mental health status of the staff in Beijing regional corporation can not be ignored. The detection rate of depressive symptoms is higher than that of the group of migrant workers and the college students in Beijing, which should be paid enough attention and attention.
2 depressive symptoms are the same age, marital status, participation in physical exercise, self health care, negative life events, negative work learning and life events, emotional stability, extroversion, easy-going and responsibility in the personality. The quality of life of the company staff, marital status, negative life events, depression. There are significant differences in life events among company employees.
3 suggest that we should take corresponding measures from four different levels of the company, individual, family and society to maintain the mental health of the employees of the company. In the course of the investigation, there is a high concern and an inappropriate panic of the employees of the company in the mental disorders such as depression, which suggests the need and necessity of the relevant industry management departments to prevent the mental illness. It is suggested that the positive propaganda and professional guidance should be strengthened so as to improve the public awareness and correct awareness of mental disorders such as depression, especially to strengthen early prevention and early intervention.
【學位授予單位】：北京中醫(yī)藥大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R749.4

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