本文選題：認(rèn)知障礙 + 輕度認(rèn)知障礙�。� 參考：《中國全科醫(yī)學(xué)》2017年15期

【摘要】：認(rèn)知功能障礙主要包括輕度認(rèn)知功能障礙(MCI)和癡呆,神經(jīng)心理學(xué)主要表現(xiàn)為認(rèn)知功能下降、社會(huì)活動(dòng)和日常生活能力減退以及精神行為癥狀。系統(tǒng)性疾病可導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知功能減退,加速M(fèi)CI進(jìn)展為癡呆,認(rèn)識(shí)并加強(qiáng)對(duì)影響認(rèn)知功能的系統(tǒng)性疾病的相關(guān)研究,對(duì)改善認(rèn)知功能障礙患者的生活質(zhì)量有重要意義。認(rèn)知功能障礙與全身多系統(tǒng)疾病關(guān)系密切且機(jī)制復(fù)雜,高血壓、冠心病、心房顫動(dòng)及心力衰竭可增加認(rèn)知功能障礙發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn);呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病與認(rèn)知功能障礙的研究較多集中于慢性阻塞性肺疾病和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣綜合征;膽固醇水平異常可能為阿爾茨海默病(AD)的危險(xiǎn)因素之一;腎小球?yàn)V過率與認(rèn)知功能具有"非線性"關(guān)系;癡呆或許是糖尿病的一大并發(fā)癥,甚至有學(xué)者提出了"3型糖尿病"的觀點(diǎn)。選擇合適的神經(jīng)心理學(xué)評(píng)估工具早期篩查認(rèn)知功能障礙非常重要,對(duì)系統(tǒng)性疾病患者進(jìn)行有效的病因治療以及綜合管理可能有助于預(yù)防認(rèn)知功能障礙的發(fā)生和進(jìn)展。
[Abstract]:Cognitive dysfunction mainly includes mild cognitive dysfunction (MCI) and dementia. Neuropsychology mainly shows the decline of cognitive function, the decline of social activity and daily life ability, and the symptoms of mental behavior. Systemic diseases can lead to cognitive decline and accelerate the progression of MCI to dementia. It is of great significance to understand and strengthen the related research on the systemic diseases affecting cognitive function in order to improve the quality of life of patients with cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive dysfunction is closely related to systemic multisystem disease and its mechanism is complex. Hypertension, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation and heart failure can increase the risk of cognitive dysfunction. The study of respiratory system disease and cognitive dysfunction is mainly focused on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome, the abnormal cholesterol level may be one of the risk factors of Alzheimer's disease. There is a "nonlinear" relationship between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and cognitive function, and dementia may be a major complication of diabetes mellitus, and some scholars have even put forward the viewpoint of "type 3 diabetes mellitus". It is very important to select appropriate neuropsychological assessment tools for early screening of cognitive dysfunction. Effective etiological treatment and comprehensive management may help to prevent the occurrence and progress of cognitive dysfunction in patients with systemic diseases.
【作者單位】： 首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京朝陽醫(yī)院神經(jīng)內(nèi)科;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(81301015)
【分類號(hào)】：R749.1
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本文編號(hào)：1781241