煙曲霉中調控胞內鐵離子平衡的毒力相關蛋白LeuB和MrsA的功能研究
[Abstract]:In recent decades, with the continuous expansion of immune deficiency population, invasive fungal infection has been increasing year by year. At present, the main pathogenic fungi are Candida albicans, Cryptococcus and Aspergillus fumigatus, among which Aspergillus fumigatus is the leading cause of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Aspergillus fumigatus is a saprophytic fungus with wide distribution and sporulation. Strong, ubiquitous in the environment. As Aspergillus fumigatus is small in diameter, it is easy to be inhaled in the lungs. For normal human body, the inhaled spores are easily killed and removed. But for the immune deficiency patients, the immune cells in the body can not be removed in time after the infection of the respiratory tract. The degenerated spores will germinate and reproduce in the patients and lead to invasive aspergillosis. The main antifungal drugs are itraconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B and caspofungin. However, these drugs have their limitations, of which amphotericin has a larger side effect on the host; and the antimicrobial spectrum of caspofungin is narrow; and The use of the most widely used itraconazole and voriconazole is easy to produce resistance. Therefore, the development of a new antifungal agent with strong antibacterial activity, wide antibacterial range and small side effects has become a top priority and the most important is to find the appropriate drug target. Iron is a major trace element involved in a series of biological activities. Because the iron in the host is mostly in the form of hemoglobin and lactoferrin, the concentration of free iron is very low, how the pathogenic bacteria obtain iron elements from the host is the key to its pathogenesis. Therefore, the factors regulating the absorption and balance of iron ions in the pathogenic bacteria are often also the virulence determinants, however, the iron ion balance regulation The related mechanisms are still very little known in Aspergillus fumigatus. This paper studies Aspergillus fumigatus as a material, using gene knockout and other means to study the functional genes related to iron ion metabolism and toxicity in Aspergillus fumigatus, leuB and mrsA. The following conclusions are obtained: 1, the transcriptional factor LeuB not only regulates Aspergillus fumigatus leucine. The synthesis, but also the regulation of the loss of iron ion absorption.LeuB can significantly reduce the iron carrier synthesis, the transcription of transport related genes (sidG, sit1 and mirB) and the production level of the low iron carrier, thus affecting the growth of Aspergillus fumigatus in the low iron environment. Double deficiency leuB and the control of the transcription factor hapX, which control the absorption of iron ions, will aggravate the sensitivity of the delta leuB to the low iron. The phenotypes, while double deficiency of leuB and the transcription factor sreA that inhibit the absorption of iron ions, will restore the delta sensitive phenotype of the low iron. These results suggest that the bright ammonia synthesis regulator LeuB participates in the regulation of.2 of the iron ion absorption of Aspergillus fumigatus, and the absence of leuB in the low iron environment leads to the decrease in the absorption of iron ions in the cells, the downregulation of leuA transcripts and the hindering the brightness of the leuA. The blocking of leucine synthesis can enhance the activity of the proteasome and lead to the global degradation of the protein. Further studies have shown that the DNA binding domain of LeuB (Zn (II) 2Cys6) and its C terminal play an important role in the.3 of the Aspergillus fumigatus to the low iron environment and the maintenance of protein stability, confirming the mrsA of the mitochondrial iron channel. Deletion can reduce the ability of Aspergillus fumigatus to adapt to the low iron and high iron environment. At the same time, the deletion of mrsA can also lead to the low modulation of sreA transcription, while the genes related to SreA inhibition and iron absorption, such as sidA, mirB, ftrA and fetC, are obviously high. These results suggest that MrsA is the necessary.4 for the balance of iron ions in Aspergillus fumigatus. The absence of mrsA increases the sensitivity of Aspergillus fumigatus to oxidative stress and azolic drugs. The reason is mainly due to the accumulation of ROS in the delta mrsA. The site mutation test confirmed that the 38,96 and 214 conservative histidine loci in MrsA are essential for the.5 of Aspergillus fumigatus to respond to the environment of high iron, low iron, oxidative stress and azole, and the toxicity of mice. The experimental results show that the functional genes leuB and mrsA related to the neutralization of Aspergillus fumigatus and iron ions are essential for the maintenance of Aspergillus fumigatus virulence. To sum up, this study illustrates the related mechanisms of the regulation of iron ion balance by Aspergillus fumigatus functional gene leuB and mrsA, and also shows that both LeuB and MrsA are associated with Aspergillus fumigatus virulence, for future antifungal treatment. The treatment provides theoretical support.
【學位授予單位】:南京師范大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:R379
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