慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者健康素養(yǎng)與自我管理研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-28 07:57
【摘要】：目的描述COPD患者的健康素養(yǎng)和自我管理水平現(xiàn)狀,分析其影響因素,探討慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的健康素養(yǎng)與自我管理水平的關系。 方法選取2011年9月至2011年12月就診于中南大學三所附屬醫(yī)院和湖南省人民醫(yī)院呼吸內(nèi)科的COPD住院患者為調查對象,采用現(xiàn)場發(fā)放問卷方式進行調查。采用COPD患者健康素養(yǎng)量表(COPD-Q)評價患者健康素養(yǎng)狀況,COPD患者自我管理量表評價患者的自我管理水平。使用Epidata3.1軟件建立數(shù)據(jù)庫,并采用SPSS16.0對資料進行統(tǒng)計分析。 結果 1.共發(fā)放調查問卷274份,回收有效問卷269份(有效率為98.2%)。其中男性211人(78.4%),女性58人(21.6%)；年齡32-91歲,平均(66.91±9.85)歲。 2.269名COPD患者的健康素養(yǎng)總分為0-12分、平均(6.07±2.41)分。得分最高的三個條目是"COPD病人會感到氣短”、“家庭氧療能延長COPD病人的壽命”、"COPD病人會有頑固性咳嗽”,答對率依次為82.2%、73.2%和68.8%。得分最低的三個條目為條目1"COPD病人應該注射肺炎疫苗”、條目7“戒煙可以阻止COPD病情變壞”和條目3“藥物能夠阻止COPD病情變壞”回答情況最差,答對率依次為23.4%、16.4%和15.6%。 3.269名COPD患者的自我管理總分為59～230分、平均分為(145.76±32.25)分。癥狀管理、日常生活管理、情緒管理、信息管理和自我效能管理5個維度的平均分依次為(21.48±6.12)、(42.00±9.57)、(35.74±9.63)、(20.65±6.77)、(25.89±6.94)分。 4.文化程度、醫(yī)療費用支付方式、吸煙情況為COPD患者健康素養(yǎng)的影響因素。文化程度越高COPD患者的健康素養(yǎng)水平就越高,醫(yī)療費用支付方式為醫(yī)保/公費的患者較醫(yī)療費用支付方式為自費/其他的患者健康素養(yǎng)得分高；吸煙越嚴重,COPD患者健康素養(yǎng)得分越低。 5.文化程度、家庭人均月收入、過去一年中有無因COPD加重住院、吸煙情況為COPD患者自我管理水平的影響因素。文化程度越高、家庭人均月收入越高,COPD患者的自我管理水平就越高；而在過去一年中因COPD急性加重住院的患者較過去一年中沒有因COPD急性加重而住院的患者自我管理水平差；吸煙越嚴重,COPD患者健康素養(yǎng)得分越低。 6. COPD患者健康素養(yǎng)與自我管理的關系：COPD患者健康素養(yǎng)與自我管理總分及其各維度顯著相關(P0.05)。 結論 1. COPD患者有關COPD的健康素養(yǎng)水平較低。文化程度、醫(yī)療費用支付方式、吸煙情況為COPD患者健康素養(yǎng)的影響因素。 2. COPD患者自我管理水平不高。文化程度、家庭人均月收入、過去一年中有無因COPD加重住院及吸煙情況為COPD患者自我管理水平的影響因素。 3. COPD患者的健康素養(yǎng)與自我管理呈正相關。
[Abstract]:Objective to describe the status quo of health literacy and self-management in patients with COPD, analyze the influencing factors, and explore the relationship between health literacy and self-management in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods from September 2011 to December 2011, COPD inpatients from three affiliated hospitals of Central South University and Department of Respiratory Medicine of Hunan Provincial people's Hospital were selected for investigation. COPD patient health literacy scale (COPD-Q) was used to evaluate the level of self management. Epidata3.1 software is used to establish database and SPSS16.0 is used to analyze the data. Result 1. A total of 274 questionnaires were distributed and 269 valid questionnaires were recovered (the effective rate was 98.2%). Among them, 211males (78.4%) and 58 females (21.6%) were aged 32-91 years (mean 66.91 鹵9.85 years). The total scores of 2.269 patients with COPD were 0-12 points (6.07 鹵2.41) and (6.07 鹵2.41) years old. The top three items were "COPD patients will feel shortness of breath", "home oxygen therapy can prolong the life of COPD patients", "COPD patients will have intractable cough", the correct rate was 82.2% and 68.8% respectively. The three items with the lowest scores were entry 1, "COPD patients should be vaccinated against pneumonia," entry 7, "quitting smoking prevents COPD from getting worse," and entry 3, "drugs can prevent COPD from getting worse," the answer was the worst. The correct rate was 23.4% and 15.60.The total score of self-management in 3.269 patients with COPD was 590.230, with an average score of (145.76 鹵32.25). The average scores of symptom management, daily life management, emotion management, information management and self-efficacy management were (21.48 鹵6.12), () 42.00 鹵9.57), (35.74 鹵9.63), (20.65 鹵6.77), (25.89 鹵6.94, respectively. The educational level, the way of paying medical expenses and the smoking status were the influencing factors of the health literacy of COPD patients. The higher the education level, the higher the health literacy level of COPD patients, the higher the score of health literacy of the patients who pay the medical expenses by health insurance / public expense than the patients who pay the medical expenses at their own expense / other patients. The more serious smoking patients with COPD, the lower the score of health literacy. 5. 5%. The education level, the average monthly income of the family, whether the COPD aggravated the hospitalization in the past year or not, the smoking condition is the influence factor of the COPD patient's self-management level. The higher the education level, the higher the average monthly income of the patients with COPD, and the lower the self-management level of the patients who were hospitalized because of the acute exacerbation of COPD in the past year than those who had not been admitted to the hospital because of the acute exacerbation of COPD in the past year. The more serious smoking patients with COPD, the lower the score of health literacy. 6. 6%. The relationship between health literacy and self-management in COPD patients was significantly correlated with the total score of self-management and its dimensions (P0.05). Conclusion 1. The health literacy of COPD patients with COPD was low. The educational level, the way of paying for medical expenses and the smoking status were the influencing factors of health literacy of COPD patients. 2. The level of self-management in COPD patients is not high. Education level, per capita monthly income of families, whether COPD aggravated hospitalization and smoking status in the past year were the influencing factors of COPD patients' self-management level. 3. The health literacy of COPD patients was positively correlated with self-management.
【學位授予單位】：中南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R563.9
本文編號：2149427
[Abstract]:Objective to describe the status quo of health literacy and self-management in patients with COPD, analyze the influencing factors, and explore the relationship between health literacy and self-management in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods from September 2011 to December 2011, COPD inpatients from three affiliated hospitals of Central South University and Department of Respiratory Medicine of Hunan Provincial people's Hospital were selected for investigation. COPD patient health literacy scale (COPD-Q) was used to evaluate the level of self management. Epidata3.1 software is used to establish database and SPSS16.0 is used to analyze the data. Result 1. A total of 274 questionnaires were distributed and 269 valid questionnaires were recovered (the effective rate was 98.2%). Among them, 211males (78.4%) and 58 females (21.6%) were aged 32-91 years (mean 66.91 鹵9.85 years). The total scores of 2.269 patients with COPD were 0-12 points (6.07 鹵2.41) and (6.07 鹵2.41) years old. The top three items were "COPD patients will feel shortness of breath", "home oxygen therapy can prolong the life of COPD patients", "COPD patients will have intractable cough", the correct rate was 82.2% and 68.8% respectively. The three items with the lowest scores were entry 1, "COPD patients should be vaccinated against pneumonia," entry 7, "quitting smoking prevents COPD from getting worse," and entry 3, "drugs can prevent COPD from getting worse," the answer was the worst. The correct rate was 23.4% and 15.60.The total score of self-management in 3.269 patients with COPD was 590.230, with an average score of (145.76 鹵32.25). The average scores of symptom management, daily life management, emotion management, information management and self-efficacy management were (21.48 鹵6.12), () 42.00 鹵9.57), (35.74 鹵9.63), (20.65 鹵6.77), (25.89 鹵6.94, respectively. The educational level, the way of paying medical expenses and the smoking status were the influencing factors of the health literacy of COPD patients. The higher the education level, the higher the health literacy level of COPD patients, the higher the score of health literacy of the patients who pay the medical expenses by health insurance / public expense than the patients who pay the medical expenses at their own expense / other patients. The more serious smoking patients with COPD, the lower the score of health literacy. 5. 5%. The education level, the average monthly income of the family, whether the COPD aggravated the hospitalization in the past year or not, the smoking condition is the influence factor of the COPD patient's self-management level. The higher the education level, the higher the average monthly income of the patients with COPD, and the lower the self-management level of the patients who were hospitalized because of the acute exacerbation of COPD in the past year than those who had not been admitted to the hospital because of the acute exacerbation of COPD in the past year. The more serious smoking patients with COPD, the lower the score of health literacy. 6. 6%. The relationship between health literacy and self-management in COPD patients was significantly correlated with the total score of self-management and its dimensions (P0.05). Conclusion 1. The health literacy of COPD patients with COPD was low. The educational level, the way of paying for medical expenses and the smoking status were the influencing factors of health literacy of COPD patients. 2. The level of self-management in COPD patients is not high. Education level, per capita monthly income of families, whether COPD aggravated hospitalization and smoking status in the past year were the influencing factors of COPD patients' self-management level. 3. The health literacy of COPD patients was positively correlated with self-management.
【學位授予單位】：中南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R563.9
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