本文選題：煤礦　切入點(diǎn)：塵肺病　出處：《中國(guó)職業(yè)醫(yī)學(xué)》2017年03期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的分析2005—2014年我國(guó)1 248家煤礦新發(fā)塵肺病的分布特征。方法采用常規(guī)資料分析方法,對(duì)1 248家煤礦3 631例新發(fā)塵肺病病例資料進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果 3 631例新發(fā)塵肺病病例中,男性3 629例,女性2例;塵肺病壹期3 154例(占86.9%),塵肺病貳期432例(占11.9%),塵肺病叁期45例(占1.2%);開始接塵年代主要集中在20世紀(jì)70~90年代,共2 514例(占69.2%);接塵工齡中位數(shù)(M)和第25、75百分位數(shù)(P25,P75)為22.0(15.5,28.0)年,診斷年齡M(P25,P75)為48.8(43.6,56.4)歲,接塵工齡和診斷年齡均呈隨接塵年代的延后而下降趨勢(shì)(P0.01);工種以煤礦混合工、掘進(jìn)工和采煤工為主,共3 498例(占96.3%),其中主采煤工的接塵工齡最短(P0.05)。結(jié)論當(dāng)前我國(guó)煤礦塵肺病發(fā)病形勢(shì)嚴(yán)峻,接塵工齡和診斷年齡呈下降趨勢(shì),應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)煤礦企業(yè)的監(jiān)督管理工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the distribution of newly occurring pneumoconiosis in 1 248 coal mines in China from 2005 to 2014. Methods the data of 3 631 new cases of pneumoconiosis in 1 248 coal mines were analyzed by routine data analysis. There were 3 629 males, 2 females, 3 154 cases of pneumoconiosis (86.9%), 432 cases of pneumoconiosis II (11.9%), 45 cases of pneumoconiosis 3 (1.2%). A total of 2 514 cases (69.2%; median length of exposure to dust) and 25% 75 percentile (P25 / P75) were 22.0 / 15.5 / 28.0 years old, and the diagnostic age was 48.8 / 43.6/ 56.4yr respectively. The length of exposure to dust and the age of diagnosis showed a decreasing trend with the extension of dust exposure years (P0.01), and the types of work were mixed workers in coal mines. A total of 3 498 cases (96. 3%) were mainly excavators and coal miners, among whom the shortest exposure time of coal miners was P0.050.Conclusion the incidence situation of pneumoconiosis in coal mines in China is serious at present, and the length of exposure to dust and the age of diagnosis show a downward trend. Supervision and management of coal mining enterprises should be strengthened.
【作者單位】： 北京市勞動(dòng)保護(hù)科學(xué)研究所;中國(guó)職業(yè)安全健康協(xié)會(huì);
【分類號(hào)】：R135.2

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