【摘要】：目的:探討頸動(dòng)脈和下肢動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化(AS)的超聲檢查結(jié)果及其危險(xiǎn)因素,闡明各危險(xiǎn)因素對(duì)不同部位AS的作用程度。方法:選擇頸動(dòng)脈及下肢動(dòng)脈彩色多普勒超聲檢查的受檢者366名,根據(jù)超聲影像學(xué)結(jié)果將其分為健康組(n=133)、單純頸動(dòng)脈硬化組(CAD組,n=42)、單純下肢動(dòng)脈硬化組(PAD組,n=69)和頸動(dòng)脈硬化并發(fā)下肢動(dòng)脈硬化組(CAD+PAD組,n=122)。分析各組受檢者的性別、年齡、吸煙史、飲酒史、高血壓(HBP)、糖尿病(DM)史、高血脂和體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)等危險(xiǎn)因素,并對(duì)下肢動(dòng)脈硬化斑塊形成危險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行Logistic回歸分析。結(jié)果:受檢者中頸動(dòng)脈斑塊的檢出率為44.8%(164/366),下肢動(dòng)脈硬化的檢出率為52.1%(191/366)。與健康組比較,PAD組和CAD+PAD組受檢者的年齡、吸煙率、HBP檢出率及高血糖的檢出率升高(P0.05)。與CAD組比較,PAD組和CAD+PAD組受檢者吸煙率及DM檢出率均升高(P0.01)。Logistic回歸分析,男性、高齡(45~59、60~74、≥75歲)、吸煙和高血糖是下肢動(dòng)脈硬化的危險(xiǎn)因素(OR=2.520,OR=3.056,OR=6.895,OR=29.483,OR=4.136,OR=3.736,P0.001)。結(jié)論:AS的形成是多重因素共同作用的結(jié)果,高齡、吸煙和高血糖是AS斑塊形成的重要危險(xiǎn)因素,其中吸煙和高血糖者下肢AS的發(fā)病率明顯高于頸動(dòng)脈。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the ultrasonic examination results and risk factors of carotid artery and lower extremity atherosclerosis (AS), and to elucidate the effect of each risk factor on AS in different parts. Methods: 366 patients with carotid artery and lower extremity artery color Doppler ultrasound were divided into healthy group (n 鈮，

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