【摘要】：【目的】 通過建立兔頸動脈粥樣硬化（CAS）斑塊模型，觀察斑塊不同灰階超聲分型與病理類型、彈性系數(shù)（彈性硬度指數(shù)、硬度對比Ratio值）之間的相關(guān)性，獲得不同灰階超聲斑塊分型的彈性系數(shù)，總結(jié)實時組織彈性成像技術(shù)（RTE）在斑塊檢測中的應(yīng)用體會，為該技術(shù)在頸動脈斑塊分型中的應(yīng)用提供實驗病理依據(jù)。 【材料與方法】 本研究分為兩部分：1、應(yīng)用高脂飲食聯(lián)合空氣干燥術(shù)建立實驗兔CAS模型。2、利用GE LOGIQE9超聲診斷儀獲得斑塊的二維灰階分型、彈性硬度指數(shù)、硬度對比值Ratio值，所有的病例均經(jīng)病理證實。采用秩相關(guān)分析斑塊灰階超聲分型與病理分類、彈性系數(shù)相關(guān)性，不同灰階超聲分型斑塊多組均數(shù)比較采用單因素方差分析，組間兩兩比較使用LSD。 【結(jié)果】 15只實驗兔共30條頸動脈，2條頸動脈出現(xiàn)閉塞性改變，，成功建立了28條CAS模型，共51例斑塊，納入實驗的CAS斑塊數(shù)為34例。 斑塊灰階超聲分型和病理類型、彈性系數(shù)之間呈正相關(guān)。不同灰階分型斑塊彈性硬度指數(shù)、彈性對比Ratio不全相同。不同灰階分型斑塊的彈性硬度指數(shù)中,除了I組與II組、II組與III組之間差別無統(tǒng)計學意義，其余兩兩組比較差別有統(tǒng)計學意義。不同灰階分型斑塊的硬度對比Ratio值中，除了I組與II組之間差別無統(tǒng)計學意義，余兩兩間有差別有統(tǒng)計學意義。 【結(jié)論】 1、高脂飲食聯(lián)合空氣干燥術(shù)可建立兔頸動脈CAS模型，造模時間短、方法簡便，成功率高。 2、斑塊灰階超聲分型與病理類型、彈性系數(shù)之間呈正相關(guān)。 3、不同灰階超聲分型斑塊的彈性系數(shù)不同，灰階超聲分型越高，彈性硬度指數(shù)、硬度對比Ratio值越高。 4、實時組織彈性成像在評估兔頸動脈斑塊分型的應(yīng)用可行性較高，但因影響因素多，對操作者手法技能要求高，可重復性受到限制，目前仍屬于實驗研究階段。本實驗例數(shù)較少，所得結(jié)果僅供參考。
[Abstract]:[objective] to observe the correlation between ultrasonic classification and pathological type, elastic coefficient (elastic hardness index, hardness versus Ratio value) of carotid atherosclerotic (CAS) plaque in rabbits. The elastic coefficients of different gray-scale ultrasound plaques were obtained, and the application of real-time tissue elastic imaging (RTE) in plaque detection was summarized. [materials and methods] this study was divided into two parts: 1, using high-fat diet combined with air drying to establish CAS of experimental rabbits. Model .2. the two-dimensional gray scale classification of plaque was obtained by GE LOGIQE9 ultrasonic diagnostic instrument. The elastic hardness index and hardness contrast value (Ratio) were confirmed by pathology in all cases. Rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between plaque gray-scale ultrasonic classification and pathological classification, and the correlation between elastic coefficient and multigroup mean number of plaques in different gray-scale ultrasonic classification was analyzed by univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA). [results] A total of 30 carotid arteries and 2 carotid arteries were occluded in 15 experimental rabbits. A total of 28 CAS models were successfully established in 51 cases of plaques, and 34 cases of CAS plaques were included in the experiment. There was a positive correlation between ultrasonic classification and pathological type and elastic coefficient of plaques. The elastic hardness index of plaques of different gray-scale types, elastic contrast Ratio are not all the same. In the elastic hardness index of plaques of different gray-scale types, there was no significant difference between group I and group II, group II and group III, but there were significant differences between the other two groups. There was no significant difference in the hardness of plaques between groups I and II except for the Ratio values of different gray-scale plaques. [conclusion] 1. The CAS model of rabbit carotid artery can be established by high fat diet combined with air drying. The success rate was high. 2. There was a positive correlation between the ultrasonic classification of plaques and pathological type and elastic coefficient. 3. The elastic coefficient of plaques was different in different gray scale ultrasonic typing. The higher the classification of gray scale ultrasound was, the higher the elastic hardness index was. The higher the Ratio value of hardness contrast, the higher the feasibility of real-time tissue elastic imaging in evaluating carotid plaque classification in rabbits. However, due to many influencing factors, the operator's manual skills were required and the repeatability was limited. At present, it still belongs to the stage of experimental research. There are few examples in this experiment, and the results are for reference only.
【學位授予單位】：福建醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R445.1

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