本文選題：腎小球?yàn)V過率 + 軟件平臺(tái)��； 參考：《東北大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：利用動(dòng)態(tài)增強(qiáng)核磁影像研究腎臟功能是目前的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn),因?yàn)槟I臟功能的評(píng)價(jià)方法是腎臟疾病診療過程中的一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié),核磁相對(duì)于CT或者核醫(yī)學(xué)等方法又有著無輻射,無損傷,效率高的優(yōu)勢。腎小球?yàn)V過率(glomerular filtration rate, GFR)是評(píng)價(jià)腎臟功能的一個(gè)重要參數(shù)�，F(xiàn)階段基于動(dòng)態(tài)增強(qiáng)核磁影像測定腎小球?yàn)V過率尚處于研究階段,因此在模型推導(dǎo),模型計(jì)算,圖像分割,軟件工具等方面還有很多不完善的地方。軟件工具方面,本文考察了比較流行的幾種免費(fèi)的醫(yī)學(xué)圖像處理平臺(tái),由于動(dòng)態(tài)增強(qiáng)核磁所采集的圖像是4D(3D+時(shí)間)多序列的DICOM圖像,目前的軟件平臺(tái)大多數(shù)在導(dǎo)入多序列圖像時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)問題,也缺乏對(duì)4D圖像分析的支持。針對(duì)這些需求同時(shí)考慮到軟件的可擴(kuò)展性,本文設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)擁有插件系統(tǒng)的醫(yī)學(xué)圖像處理平臺(tái),支持圖像導(dǎo)入、分割、顯示,時(shí)間-密度曲線繪制,GFR計(jì)算等功能,并且提供軟件接口可以供其他開發(fā)者開發(fā)插件擴(kuò)展本平臺(tái)的功能。模型方面,本文考察了目前國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)于腎臟濾過系統(tǒng)所建立的數(shù)學(xué)模型,這些模型大多有參數(shù)多不穩(wěn)定或者考慮因素較少等缺點(diǎn),因此還有著很大的改進(jìn)余地。本文也同時(shí)探討了一種利用體素的時(shí)間密度曲線來分割腎臟的血管房室的思路,并利用該分割結(jié)果去簡化目前的三室法模型。最后利用本文構(gòu)建的軟件平臺(tái)在天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)提供的圖像上測試了改進(jìn)后的分割.算法和計(jì)算GFR的模型,并將計(jì)算結(jié)果與目前的GFR金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)做了對(duì)比,證明了改進(jìn)后的模型準(zhǔn)確度更高。
[Abstract]:The use of dynamic enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance imaging to study renal function is a hot topic at present, because the evaluation method of renal function is an important link in the diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases, and nuclear magnetic field has no radiation in comparison with CT or nuclear medicine. No damage, high efficiency advantage. Glomerular filtration rate (glomerular filtration rate,) is an important parameter in evaluating renal function. At present, glomerular filtration rate measurement based on dynamic enhanced nuclear magnetic imaging is still in the research stage, so there are still many imperfections in model derivation, model calculation, image segmentation, software tools and so on. In terms of software tools, several popular medical image processing platforms are investigated in this paper. Because the images collected by dynamic enhanced nuclear magnetic field are 4D (3D time) multi-sequence DICOM images, Most of the current software platforms have problems in importing multi-sequence images and lack of support for 4D image analysis. Considering the extensibility of the software, this paper designs and implements a medical image processing platform with plug-in system, which supports image import, segmentation, display, time density curve drawing and GFR calculation, etc. And provides the software interface for other developers to develop plug-ins to extend the functionality of the platform. In terms of models, this paper examines the mathematical models established by scholars at home and abroad for renal filtration systems. Most of these models have many disadvantages such as unstable parameters or few factors, so there is still much room for improvement. At the same time, this paper also discusses a method of using the time density curve of voxel to segment the vascular atrioventricular of the kidney, and simplifies the current three-compartment model with the result of the segmentation. Finally, the improved segmentation is tested on the images provided by Tianjin Medical University using the software platform constructed in this paper. The algorithm and the model for calculating GFR are compared with the current GFR gold standard, and the improved model is proved to be more accurate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R692;R445.2
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本文編號(hào)：2107839