本文選題：超聲檢查 + 股神經(jīng)�。� 參考：《大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：第一部高頻超聲評價(jià)正常成人下肢周圍神經(jīng) 目的：探討應(yīng)用高頻超聲檢測正常成人股神經(jīng)和隱神經(jīng)的方法和超聲聲像圖表現(xiàn)。 方法：應(yīng)用高頻超聲探頭檢測42例正常志愿者雙下肢股神經(jīng)和隱神經(jīng)，觀察正常神經(jīng)的聲像圖表現(xiàn)，測量寬徑、厚徑及橫截面積（CSA）等參數(shù)，并分析其與年齡、身高、體重的相關(guān)性。 結(jié)果：高頻超聲可清晰顯示股神經(jīng)的主干和隱神經(jīng)的大腿主干部分。左側(cè)與右側(cè)的股神經(jīng)與隱神經(jīng)的寬徑、厚徑及橫截面積（CSA）比較均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P均0.05）；股神經(jīng)和隱神經(jīng)的寬徑、厚徑及橫截面積（CSA）與年齡均無相關(guān)關(guān)系（P均0.05）；股神經(jīng)與隱神經(jīng)的寬徑、厚徑及橫截面積（CSA）與身高、體重呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系（P均0.05）。 結(jié)論：高頻超聲可清晰顯示股神經(jīng)和隱神經(jīng)的主干，對超聲引導(dǎo)下神經(jīng)阻滯定位有重要的臨床意義。 第二部高頻超聲評價(jià)2型糖尿病患者下肢周圍神經(jīng)改變 目的：探討應(yīng)用高頻超聲評價(jià)2型糖尿�。═2DM）患者下肢周圍神經(jīng)的異常改變。 方法：將81例T2DM患者分為無糖尿病周圍神經(jīng)病變（DPN）組（B組，共40例)；合并糖尿病周圍神經(jīng)病變（DPN）組（C組，共41例）；另選取42例健康志愿者為對照組（A組，共42例）。觀察三組股神經(jīng)和隱神經(jīng)的內(nèi)部回聲以及連續(xù)性，測量并比較三組神經(jīng)的寬徑、厚徑及橫截面積（CSA）。 結(jié)果：A組股神經(jīng)和隱神經(jīng)聲像圖橫切面呈略高回聲，內(nèi)呈網(wǎng)格狀，縱切面內(nèi)部呈條狀低回聲及平行線樣排列的條狀略高回聲； B組二者內(nèi)部回聲較A組略減低，內(nèi)部網(wǎng)格狀結(jié)構(gòu)較模糊，縱切面條狀回聲欠清晰；C組內(nèi)部回聲較B組明顯減低，內(nèi)部網(wǎng)格狀結(jié)構(gòu)顯示不清，縱切面條狀回聲結(jié)構(gòu)模糊。B、C各組股神經(jīng)和隱神經(jīng)的寬徑、厚徑及橫截面積（CSA）均較A組增大（P均0.05）；C組股神經(jīng)和隱神經(jīng)的厚徑及橫截面積（CSA）均較B組增大（P均0.05）。 結(jié)論：高頻超聲可清楚顯示T2DM以及合并糖尿病周圍神經(jīng)病變（DPN）患者股神經(jīng)和隱神經(jīng)主干內(nèi)部回聲及各徑線的異常改變，為臨床診斷提供客觀依據(jù)，具有重要的臨床意義。
[Abstract]:Evaluation of peripheral nerve of lower extremity in normal adults by high frequency ultrasound Objective: to study the method of detecting femoral nerve and saphenous nerve in normal adults by high frequency ultrasound. Methods: the femoral and saphenous nerves of the lower extremities of 42 normal volunteers were detected by high frequency ultrasound probe. The sonographic manifestations of the normal nerves were observed, and the parameters such as wide diameter, thick diameter and cross sectional area were measured, and their correlation with age and height were analyzed. The correlation of weight. Results: the trunk of femoral nerve and the trunk of thigh of saphenous nerve could be clearly displayed by high frequency ultrasound. The width, thickness and cross-sectional area of femoral nerve and saphenous nerve in left and right were not significantly different (P > 0.05), the width of femoral nerve and saphenous nerve, the width of femoral nerve and saphenous nerve, and the width of femoral nerve and saphenous nerve. There was no correlation between thick diameter and cross sectional area (CSAs) and age (P < 0.05), while the wide diameter, thick diameter and cross-sectional area of femoral nerve and saphenous nerve were positively correlated with height and weight (P < 0.05). Conclusion: high frequency ultrasound can clearly display the trunk of femoral nerve and saphenous nerve, which has important clinical significance for localization of nerve block under ultrasound guidance. Evaluation of peripheral nerve changes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by high-frequency ultrasound in the second part Objective: to evaluate the abnormal changes of peripheral nerve in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by high frequency ultrasound. Methods: 81 patients with T2DM were divided into two groups: group B (n = 40) without diabetic peripheral neuropathy, group C (n = 41) with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and group A (n = 42) as control group. The internal echo and continuity of femoral nerve and saphenous nerve were observed and the width, thickness and cross-sectional area of the nerve were measured and compared among the three groups. Results the sonograms of femoral nerve and saphenous nerve in group A were slightly hyperechoic, mesh-shaped inside, and hyperechoic in longitudinal plane, and in group B the internal echo was slightly lower than that in group A. The internal reticular structure was fuzzy, the internal echo in group C was significantly lower than that in group B, the internal reticular structure was unclear, and the width of femoral nerve and saphenous nerve in group C was blurred. The thicker diameter and cross sectional area of the femoral nerve and saphenous nerve in group C were larger than those in group A (P < 0.05). Conclusion: high frequency ultrasound can clearly display the internal echo and abnormal changes of the main trunk of femoral nerve and saphenous nerve in patients with T2DM and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. It provides an objective basis for clinical diagnosis and has important clinical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R587.2;R445.1

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