內(nèi)蒙古草地生產(chǎn)力及載畜量變化分析
[Abstract]:Grassland productivity and livestock capacity have always been hot issues in grassland ecosystem research, but the research results in recent years have failed to effectively reveal the relationship between supply and demand of grassland and livestock. Based on MODIS remote sensing data, three vegetation types (meadow steppe, typical steppe and desert steppe) in Inner Mongolia were studied. Using the light energy efficiency model (CASA model) and a large number of field survey data of pairings (fencing and grazing) for three consecutive years (2011-2013), the utilization rate and overloading of net primary productivity (NPP),) forage in different types of grassland were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) the average NPP values of meadow steppe, typical steppe and desert steppe in Inner Mongolia in 2011-2013 were 122116.2 and 39.3 g 路a ~ (- 1), respectively; (2) the utilization rates of meadow steppe, typical steppe and desert grassland in Inner Mongolia in 2011-2013 were 41.28%, 40.38% and 38.05% respectively; (3) in 2011, the overgrazing rates of the three types of grassland were 43.59%, 44.95% and 75.92%, respectively. In 2012, the overgrazing rate of meadow grassland and desert steppe was 1.21%, 57.53%, respectively, and the overgrazing rate was 43.59%, 44.95% and 75.92%, respectively. The overgrazing rate of desert steppe in 2013 was 57.38%, while in 2012 the typical steppe, meadow steppe and typical grassland in 2013 had 127.4 million sheep per unit potential and 1158.82392.33 million sheep unit potential compared with the theoretical animal carrying capacity. Therefore, in Inner Mongolia grassland grazing management, combined with different types of grassland and precipitation conditions, it is necessary to reduce livestock load properly in desert steppe and arid years, so as to achieve the dynamic balance of herbage and livestock. The results can be used as a reference for grassland grazing management decision-making.
【作者單位】: 北京林業(yè)大學(xué)林學(xué)院;中國(guó)科學(xué)院地理科學(xué)與資源研究所;內(nèi)蒙古草原勘察規(guī)劃院;赤峰市環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)中心站;內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)草原與資源環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】:環(huán)保公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201509042) 內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)應(yīng)用與研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(20142002)
【分類號(hào)】:S812
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