【摘要】：本論文主要研究了不同發(fā)酵時(shí)間對(duì)沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料發(fā)酵品質(zhì)和營養(yǎng)價(jià)值的影響,并進(jìn)一步研究不同發(fā)酵時(shí)間的沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料對(duì)綿羊瘤胃發(fā)酵參數(shù)的影響,探討沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料的最佳發(fā)酵時(shí)間；在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過飼養(yǎng)試驗(yàn)研究沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料對(duì)綿羊生產(chǎn)性能及營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)表觀消化率的影響,為今后開展沙柳發(fā)酵飼料在反芻動(dòng)物生產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。本論文包括四部分。試驗(yàn)一和試驗(yàn)二主要研究發(fā)酵時(shí)間對(duì)沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料發(fā)酵品質(zhì)和營養(yǎng)價(jià)值的影響。試驗(yàn)按不同沙柳比例調(diào)制成2組混合發(fā)酵飼料,分別用FF1和FF2表示,在各組中添加等量的復(fù)合菌劑,考察發(fā)酵飼料在發(fā)酵1、3、5、7、10、12、15、22、30、45和60天時(shí),發(fā)酵飼料的感官品質(zhì)、發(fā)酵品質(zhì)、營養(yǎng)成分以及體外消化率隨時(shí)間的變化規(guī)律。試驗(yàn)三采用體外產(chǎn)氣法研究不同發(fā)酵時(shí)間的沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料對(duì)綿羊瘤胃發(fā)酵參數(shù)的影響。在試驗(yàn)一和試驗(yàn)二的基礎(chǔ)上,研究不同發(fā)酵天數(shù)的沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料對(duì)體外培養(yǎng)96 h的累積產(chǎn)氣量、消化動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)和24 h的瘤胃發(fā)酵特性指標(biāo)的影響。試驗(yàn)四主要研究沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料對(duì)綿羊生產(chǎn)性能及營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)表觀消化率的影響。根據(jù)試驗(yàn)二和試驗(yàn)三的結(jié)果,用發(fā)酵30天的沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料飼喂綿羊,試驗(yàn)選擇體況接近的小尾寒羊44只,隨機(jī)分成2組,每組22只。試驗(yàn)1組飼喂90% FF1+10%羊草,試驗(yàn)2組飼喂90% FF2+10%羊草；此外,在試驗(yàn)期每只羊每天飼喂0.5kg正大586育肥料。在本試驗(yàn)條件下得出：(1)隨著發(fā)酵時(shí)間的延長,沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料的感官品質(zhì)無顯著變化,pH值顯著下降(P0.0001),乙酸和乳酸含量顯著升高(P0.0001),NH3-N/TN呈先升高后降低的趨勢,在整個(gè)發(fā)酵過程中都沒有檢測到丁酸。FF1組和FF2組的發(fā)酵效果無顯著差異,且均屬于優(yōu)等發(fā)酵飼料。(2)’隨著發(fā)酵時(shí)間的延長,沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料的NDF、ADF和ADL含量顯著降低(P0.0001),并顯著提高DM、OM、CP、NDF和ADF的體外消化率(P0.0001)。FF1組的營養(yǎng)品質(zhì)優(yōu)于FF2組。(3)在體外培養(yǎng)條件下,沙柳經(jīng)混合發(fā)酵處理后可以顯著提高了瘤胃BCP和VFA濃度(P0.0001),降低了瘤胃pH值、NH3-N濃度、丁酸濃度和乙酸／丙酸的比例(P0.0001),而且FF1組對(duì)瘤胃內(nèi)環(huán)境的影響優(yōu)于FF2組。(4)利用沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料飼喂綿羊,可顯著提高綿羊體重和干物質(zhì)采食量(P0.05),試驗(yàn)1組和試驗(yàn)2組之間的各營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)表觀消化率差異不顯著(P0.05)。(5)沙柳經(jīng)混合發(fā)酵處理后,可顯著提高發(fā)酵飼料的發(fā)酵品質(zhì)和營養(yǎng)價(jià)值,改善瘤胃內(nèi)環(huán)境和提高綿羊的生產(chǎn)性能,而且沙柳混合發(fā)酵飼料在發(fā)酵30天后趨于穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of different fermentation time on the quality and nutritional value of mixed fermenting feed of Salix willow were studied, and the effects of different fermentation time on rumen fermentation parameters of sheep were studied. The optimum fermentation time for mixed fermenting feed of Salix wilfordii was discussed. On this basis, the effects of mixed fermenting feed of Salix willow on the performance and apparent digestibility of nutrients in sheep were studied through feeding experiments, which provided basic data for the application of fermenting feed of Salix in ruminant production in the future. This paper includes four parts. The effects of fermentation time on the fermentation quality and nutritional value of mixed fermenting feed of Salix wilfordii were studied in experiment 1 and experiment 2. In the experiment, two groups of mixed fermenting feed were prepared according to different proportion of Salix. The sensory quality of fermented feed was investigated when fermented feed was fermented for 1 ~ 3 ~ 3 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 7 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ 12 ~ 1522 ~ (22) C ~ (30) ~ (45) and 60 days, respectively, expressed by FF1 and FF2, adding the same amount of compound fungicides in each group. The variation of fermentation quality, nutrient composition and digestibility in vitro with time. In experiment 3, the effects of mixed fermenting feed on rumen fermentation parameters of sheep with different fermentation time were studied by in vitro gas production method. On the basis of experiment 1 and experiment 2, the effects of different fermentation days on cumulative gas production, digestion kinetic parameters and 24 h rumen fermentation characteristics were studied. The effects of mixed fermenting feed of Salix wilfordii on the performance and apparent digestibility of nutrients in sheep were studied in the fourth experiment. According to the results of experiment 2 and experiment 3, 44 small tail Han sheep were fed with mixed fermenting feed of Salix willow for 30 days. 44 small tail Han sheep were randomly divided into 2 groups, 22 in each group. In the first group, 90% FF1 10% Leymus chinensis was fed, and the second group was fed 90% FF2 10% Leymus chinensis, in addition, each sheep was fed with 0.5kg Zhengda 586 fertiliser every day during the trial period. The results showed that: (1) with the increase of fermentation time, the sensory quality of mixed fermenting feed did not change significantly, the pH value decreased significantly (P0.0001), and the contents of acetic acid and lactic acid increased significantly (P0.0001). NH3-N/TN increased first and then decreased. Butyric acid was not detected in the whole fermentation process. There was no significant difference between FF1 group and FF2 group, and both of them belonged to superior fermentative feed. (2) with the increase of fermentation time, there was no significant difference in fermentation effect between FF1 group and FF2 group. (2) with the increase of fermentation time, The content of NDF,ADF and ADL in mixed fermenting feed of Salix willow decreased significantly (P0.0001), and the digestibility of DM,OM,CP,NDF and ADF in vitro (P0.0001). The nutritional quality of FF1 group was better than that of FF2 group. (3) in vitro culture, the nutrient quality of FF1 group was better than that of FF2 group. After mixed fermentation, the rumen BCP and VFA concentrations were significantly increased (P0.0001), and the rumen pH value, NH3-N concentration, butyric acid concentration and acetic acid / propionic acid ratio (P0.0001) were decreased. The effect of FF1 group on rumen environment was better than that of FF2 group. (4) feeding sheep with mixed fermentative feed of Salix willow could significantly increase body weight and dry matter intake (P0.05). There was no significant difference in apparent digestibility of nutrients between group 1 and group 2 (P0.05). (5). After mixed fermentation, the fermentation quality and nutritional value of fermented feed were significantly improved. The rumen environment was improved and the performance of sheep was improved, and the mixed fermenting feed of Salix willow tended to be stable after 30 days of fermentation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S816.6

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本文編號(hào)：2422931