【摘要】：在青海省祁連山冰溝流域的高山草甸土上,選擇放牧與禁牧2個樣品采集區(qū),研究了禁牧對祁連山冰溝流域高山草甸土有機碳及理化性質和酶活性的影響。結果表明:高山草甸土遭到放牧牲畜連續(xù)3年的啃食和踐踏后,植被覆蓋度明顯降低,歸還到土壤中的生物量和枯落物積累量減少,0~20 cm土層有機質含量、有機碳密度、總孔隙度、團聚體、田間持水量、氮磷鉀和酶活性降低,容重、CaCO_3和可溶性鹽增加,但20 cm以下土層這些性質變化不大。放牧與禁牧比較,0~20 cm土層土壤容重、可溶性鹽和CaCO_3分別增加14.15%、6.35%和1.27%;有機碳含量、有機碳密度、總孔隙度、團聚體和田間持水量分別降低29.76%、22.82%、9.45%、6.49%和7.69%;全氮、全磷、全鉀、脲酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶和過氧化氫酶分別降低25.97%、15.56%、12.17%、33.77%、26.11%、42.00%、29.31%。放牧對有機碳、容重、孔隙度、田間持水量、可溶性鹽、氮磷鉀和酶活性影響深度為20 cm,對團聚體影響深度為40 cm。
[Abstract]:The effects of grazing on organic carbon, physicochemical properties and enzyme activity of alpine meadow soil in Binggou Basin of Qilian Mountains, Qinghai Province were studied. The results showed that after grazing and trampling on alpine meadow soil for 3 years, the vegetation coverage decreased significantly, biomass and litter accumulation decreased, organic matter content and organic carbon density decreased in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer. The total porosity, aggregate, field water capacity, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and enzyme activity decreased, bulk density, CaCO_3 and soluble salt increased, but the soil layer below 20 cm had little change in these properties. The soil bulk density, soluble salt and CaCO_3 increased by 6.35% and 1.27% in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer, respectively. The content of organic carbon, the density of organic carbon, the total porosity, the aggregate and the field water capacity were reduced by 29.76% and 7.69%, respectively, and 22.829.45% and 7.69%, respectively. Total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, urease, sucrase, phosphatase and catalase decreased 25.97 and 15.5612.17, respectively. The depth of effect of grazing on organic carbon, bulk density, porosity, field water capacity, soluble salt, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and enzyme activity is 20 cm, and the depth of influence on aggregate is 40 cm..
【作者單位】： 河西學院農業(yè)與生物技術學院;甘肅省張掖市肅南縣農業(yè)技術推廣中心;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金重點支持項目“黑河流域生態(tài)水分樣帶調查”(91025002/D010106)
【分類號】：S812.2

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