發(fā)布時間：2018-11-17 15:23

【摘要】：為了評價菌糠顆粒飼料對綿羊的生長、代謝和屠宰性能的影響,本試驗在選用18只5月齡左右的綿羊,隨機分為2組,每組3個重復,每個重復3只綿羊。對照組以玉米秸稈為粗飼料配制成顆粒飼料,菌糠組以杏鮑菇菌糠替代玉米秸稈制成的顆粒料。試驗期為60天。飼養(yǎng)試驗結(jié)束時,每個重復選取一只體重相近的綿羊進行屠宰試驗。然后選取體重相近的六只綿羊進行消化代謝試驗。試驗表明：①與對照組相比,菌糠組綿羊的日增重無顯著差異(P0.05),采食量有提高的趨勢,飼料轉(zhuǎn)化效率顯著低于對照組(P0.05)。②與玉米秸稈相比,菌糠飼料對瘤胃pH、氨態(tài)氮濃度、微生物蛋白濃度以及乙酸、丙酸、丁酸等揮發(fā)性脂肪酸無顯著差異(P0.05)。③對綿羊瘤胃主要纖維分解菌熒光定量PCR結(jié)果顯示,菌糠組對白色瘤胃球菌和黃色瘤胃球菌無顯著的影響,菌糠組產(chǎn)琥珀酸絲狀桿菌數(shù)量顯著低于對照組(P0.05)。④菌糠組與對照組對干物質(zhì)、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、中性洗滌纖維、酸性洗滌纖維和無氮浸出物消化率差異不顯著(P0.05),但對照組有機物消化率顯著高于菌糠組(P0.05)。菌糠組與對照組比較,食入氮與尿氮差異不顯著(P0.05),總排泄氮菌糠組有增加的趨勢,菌糠組糞氮顯著高于對照組(P0.05),對照組尿氮／總排泄氮、可消化氮、沉積氮和氮利用率顯著高于菌糠組(P0.05)。⑤菌糠組動物十二指腸和空腸近端的隱窩深度高于對照組(P0.05)�？漳c遠端絨毛長度對照組大于菌糠組(P0.05)�；啬c末端菌糠組與對照組的小腸形態(tài)無差異(P0.05)。⑥菌糠顆粒飼料對血液指標的影響。菌糠組與對照組的血液常規(guī)指標均無顯著差異(P0.05)。試驗中期菌糠組總蛋白、白蛋白顯著高于對照組(P0.05)。試驗末期菌糠組谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶、肌酐和白蛋白顯著高于對照組。⑦菌糠顆粒飼料對綿羊胴體重、屠宰率、凈肉率、產(chǎn)肉率、骨肉比、眼肌面積無顯著影響(P0.05)。屠宰后發(fā)現(xiàn)菌糠組綿羊的肝、胰腺、胸腺、脾和各個消化器官的顏色、形態(tài)、質(zhì)地均正常。菌糠對綿羊的肝臟指數(shù)、胰臟指數(shù)、脾臟指數(shù)、胸腺指數(shù)、網(wǎng)胃指數(shù)及皺胃指數(shù)無顯著性影響,菌糠組瘤胃指數(shù)高于對照組(P0.05),對十二指腸、空腸、回腸長度無顯著性影響(P0.05)。結(jié)果顯示,與玉米秸稈顆粒飼料相比,杏鮑菇菌糠顆粒飼料對晉中綿羊瘤胃發(fā)酵、屠宰性能和血液指標無顯著差異,但對在生長性能、養(yǎng)分消化率、氮平衡、空腸遠端絨毛長度及產(chǎn)琥珀酸絲狀桿菌有負面影響。
[Abstract]:In order to evaluate the effect of microbial chaff pellet feed on growth, metabolism and slaughtering performance of sheep, 18 sheep aged about 5 months were randomly divided into 2 groups with 3 replicates in each group. In the control group, corn straw was used as the coarse feed, and in the bacterial bran group, the corn straw was replaced by the eryngium eryngii mushroom bacterial bran. The experimental period is 60 days. At the end of the feeding trial, each sheep of similar weight was selected for slaughter. Then six sheep of similar body weight were selected for digestion and metabolism test. The results showed that: 1 compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in daily gain (P0.05), feed intake increased, feed conversion efficiency was significantly lower than that of the control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the concentration of ammonia nitrogen, microbial protein and volatile fatty acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and so on in rumen (P0.05). The number of filamentous succinate in the bran group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P0.05). 4 the dry matter, crude protein and crude fat in the bran group and the control group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The digestibility of neutral detergent fiber acid detergent fiber and nitrogen-free extract was not significant (P0.05) but the organic matter digestibility of control group was significantly higher than that of bacterial bran group (P0.05). Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the intake of nitrogen and urinary nitrogen (P0.05), but the total excretion of nitrogen in the bacterial bran group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.05), and the fecal nitrogen in the bacterial chaff group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.05). The utilization rate of deposition nitrogen and nitrogen was significantly higher than that of the bacterial bran group (P0.05). 5 the depth of recess in the proximal duodenum and jejunum of the animals in the bacterial chaff group was higher than that in the control group (P0.05). The length of distal jejunum villi in control group was larger than that in bacterial bran group (P0.05). There was no difference in intestinal morphology between the ileal terminal bacterial bran group and the control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in blood routine indexes between the bacterial bran group and the control group (P 0.05). The total protein and albumin in the bacterial bran group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P 0.05). At the end of the experiment, the levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, creatinine and albumin were significantly higher in the bacterial bran group than in the control group. 7 the carcass weight, slaughter rate, net meat rate, meat production rate, bone / meat ratio and eye muscle area of sheep were not significantly affected by the microbran pellet feed (P0.05). After slaughter, the color, shape and texture of liver, pancreas, thymus, spleen and various digestive organs were normal. Bacterial bran had no significant effect on liver index, pancreas index, spleen index, thymus index, reticulum index and abomasum index of sheep. The rumen index of bacterial bran group was higher than that of control group (P0.05). There was no significant effect on ileal length (P0.05). The results showed that there was no significant difference in rumen fermentation, slaughtering performance and blood index in Jinzhong sheep, but there was no significant difference in growth performance, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance between granular feed of Pleurotus eryngii and corn straw. The length of distal villi of jejunum and filamentous succinate bacteria had negative effects.
【學位授予單位】：山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S826.5

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