【摘要】：目的:本試驗旨在研究日糧中添加腸膜蛋白粉和發(fā)酵豆粕替代魚粉對斷奶仔豬生產(chǎn)性能、養(yǎng)分消化率、小腸形態(tài)和免疫功能的影響。方法:本試驗選用28日齡杜×長×大斷奶仔豬180頭,公、母各半,體重8.0±0.5kg,隨機分為3個處理,每個處理6個重復,每個重復10頭豬。試驗期21天,試驗期間常規(guī)飼養(yǎng)管理。對照組日糧為17.0%豆粕+6.0%魚粉,進口腸膜組日糧為16.6%豆粕+4.0%發(fā)酵豆粕+4.0%進口腸膜蛋白粉,國產(chǎn)腸膜組日糧為16.6%豆粕+4.0%發(fā)酵豆粕+4.0%國產(chǎn)腸膜蛋白粉。結果:在采食量和增重方面,進口腸膜組、國產(chǎn)腸膜組與對照組差異均不顯著(P≥0.05);進口腸膜組和國產(chǎn)腸膜組腹瀉率、腹瀉指數(shù)和死淘率與對照組相比,差異均不顯著(P≥0.05);進口腸膜組鈣的消化率比對照組下降13.21%(P0.05);干物質、能量、粗蛋白質、粗脂肪、磷和必需氨基酸的消化率處理間無顯著差異(P≥0.05)。消化器官重量與體重的比值方面,肝臟和空腸,各組之間差異不顯著(P≥0.05)。消化器官長度與體重比值方面,十二指腸和空腸,國產(chǎn)腸膜組與對照組相比,這兩項分別降低28.57%和19.90%(P?0.05);國產(chǎn)腸膜組與進口腸膜組相比,這兩項分別降低42.40%和11.37%(P?0.05);進口腸膜組與對照組相比這兩項分別提高24.00%和降低9.62%(P?0.05)。十二指腸和空腸絨毛高度與隱窩深度方面,各組之間差異均不顯著(P≥0.05)。在免疫功能方面,與對照組相比,進口腸膜組顯著提高脾臟指數(shù)44%(P?0.05),國產(chǎn)腸膜組顯著提高脾臟指數(shù)42%(P?0.05),進口腸膜組較國產(chǎn)腸膜組提高1%,但兩者差異不顯著(P≥0.05);進口腸膜組提高下頜淋巴指數(shù)49%(P?0.05),國產(chǎn)腸膜組降低下顎淋巴指數(shù)15%(P≥0.05)。腸膜蛋白粉對其他免疫器官(胸腺、腹股溝淋巴結、髂下淋巴、乆淋巴和頸淺淋巴)指數(shù)的影響差異不顯著(P≥0.05)。在對斷奶仔豬血液免疫指標的影響方面,與對照組相比,進口腸膜組提高血清白蛋白指標14%(P?0.05),國產(chǎn)腸膜組提高8%(P≥0.05),進口腸膜組較國產(chǎn)腸膜組提高8%(P≥0.05);對補體C3的影響,進口腸膜組較對照組提高3%,(P≥0.05),國產(chǎn)腸膜組較對照組降低14%(P?0.05)。結論:斷奶仔豬日糧中使用進口或國產(chǎn)腸膜蛋白粉和發(fā)酵豆粕替代魚粉,不影響生產(chǎn)性能、腹瀉和養(yǎng)分消化率。進口腸膜蛋白粉不影響斷奶仔豬消化器官的重量和長度以及小腸的絨毛高度和隱窩深度,國產(chǎn)腸膜蛋白粉和豆粕代替魚粉飼喂斷仔豬,仔豬胃和十二指腸的重量、空腸長度、回腸絨毛高度降低。腸膜蛋白粉能提高斷奶仔豬免疫功能,進口腸膜蛋白粉的效果高于國產(chǎn)腸膜蛋白粉。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the effects of enteral membrane protein meal and fermented soybean meal instead of fish meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology and immune function of weaned piglets. Methods: 180 piglets (male, half female, weight 8.0 鹵0.5 kg) were randomly divided into 3 treatments, 6 replicates in each treatment, 10 pigs per replica. The trial period was 21 days, and the routine feeding management was carried out during the experiment period. The diet of control group was 17.0% soybean meal 6.0% fish meal, and that of imported intestinal membrane group was 16.6% soybean meal 4.0% fermented soybean meal 4.0% imported intestinal membrane protein powder. The diet of domestic intestinal membrane group was 16.6% soybean meal 4.0% fermented soybean meal 4.0% domestic intestinal membrane protein powder. Results: there was no significant difference in feed intake and weight gain between the imported and domestic intestinal membrane groups and the control group (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in diarrhea rate, diarrhea index and mortality rate between imported and domestic intestinal membrane groups (P > 0.05), but the digestibility of calcium in imported intestinal membrane group was 13.21% lower than that in control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in digestibility of dry matter, energy, crude protein, crude fat, phosphorus and essential amino acids (P > 0.05). The ratio of digestive organ weight to body weight, liver and jejunum were not significantly different among groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the ratio of digestive organ length to body weight, duodenum and jejunum were decreased by 28.57% and 19.90% (P0. 05), respectively. Compared with the imported intestinal membrane group, these two items were decreased by 42.40% and 11.37% (P0. 05) respectively in the domestic intestinal membrane group, and increased by 24. 00% and 9. 62% (P0. 05) respectively in the imported intestinal membrane group compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in the height of duodenum and jejunum villi and the depth of crypt between each group (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the spleen index of imported intestinal membrane group was increased by 44% (P0. 05), that of domestic intestinal membrane group was increased by 42% (P0. 05), and that of imported intestinal membrane group was 1% higher than that of domestic intestinal membrane group. But there was no significant difference between them (P 鈮，

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