【摘要】：微生物不僅是土壤養(yǎng)分的轉(zhuǎn)化者,同時(shí)也是養(yǎng)分的一種存在方式,其生物質(zhì)量為微生物量。微生物量是土壤養(yǎng)分轉(zhuǎn)化和循環(huán)的動力也是養(yǎng)分的庫和源,微生物量對環(huán)境變化敏感,是土壤質(zhì)量變化的重要指標(biāo)。本研究以新疆伊犁察布查爾縣1191~2656m海拔草原為研究對象,使用氯仿熏蒸提取法研究不同海拔草原土壤微生物量及其活性的變異特征,研究結(jié)果表明微生物量碳(21.05~331.58mg/kg)、微生物量氮(8.75~95.61mg/kg)均為土壤表層大于中、底層,各海拔及土層間差異顯著(P0.05),在1191~2216m海拔區(qū)間微生物量碳、氮隨海拔的增加而增加,并在2216m海拔達(dá)到最大值(331.58mg/kg和95.61mg/kg),其后2216~2656m海拔區(qū)間微生物量碳、氮顯著降低(21.05mg/kg和12.41mg/kg),這可能與隨海拔的增加引起此海拔區(qū)間氣候、降水量、植被類型、植被數(shù)量等環(huán)境條件的變化有關(guān);通過相關(guān)性分析得知微生物量碳、氮、碳氮比彼此間正相關(guān)(P0.05);0~20cm土層微生物量碳與含水量呈正顯著性相關(guān)(P0.05,r=0.755*),微生物量與海拔、容重、有機(jī)質(zhì)、堿解氮呈正相關(guān)(P0.05),與pH值、全氮、碳氮比負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.05)。20~40cm土層微生物量碳與堿解氮呈顯著性正相關(guān)(P0.05,r=0.829*),微生物量與海拔、全氮正相關(guān)(P0.05),與碳氮比負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.05)。40~60cm土層微生物量與海拔、碳氮比呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.05),與有機(jī)質(zhì)、堿解氮、全氮呈正相關(guān)(P0.05)。土壤微生物量可以反映土壤肥力的變化,作為評價(jià)土壤肥力的生物學(xué)指標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Microorganisms are not only the transformants of soil nutrients, but also a way of nutrient existence, and their biological quality is microbial biomass. Microbial biomass is not only the motive force of soil nutrient transformation and cycling, but also the reservoir and source of soil nutrients. Microbial biomass is sensitive to environmental changes and is an important indicator of soil quality change. In this study, chloroform fumigation extraction method was used to study the variation characteristics of soil microbial biomass and its activity in different elevations of Chabuchar County, Yili, Xinjiang, at an altitude of 1191 and 2656m, and chloroform fumigation extraction method was used to study the variation of soil microbial biomass and its activity. The results showed that microbial biomass carbon (21.05~331.58mg/kg) and microbial biomass nitrogen (8.75~95.61mg/kg) were significantly different in surface layer and bottom layer of soil (P0.05). Nitrogen increased with the increase of altitude, and reached the maximum value (331.58mg/kg and 95.61mg/kg) at 2216m, followed by microbial biomass carbon (MMC) and significant decrease of nitrogen (21.05mg/kg and 12.41mg/kg) in the range of 2216 ~ 2656m above sea level. This may be related to the change of climate, precipitation, vegetation type, vegetation quantity and so on. The ratio of microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and carbon to nitrogen was positively correlated with each other by correlation analysis (P0.05). There was a positive correlation between microbial biomass carbon and water content in 0~20cm soil layer (P 0.05), and a positive correlation between microbial biomass and elevation, bulk density, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen (P0.05), pH value and total nitrogen. C / N ratio was negatively correlated (P0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between microbial biomass carbon and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in 20~40cm soil layer (P 0.05), but there was a positive correlation between microbial biomass and altitude, total nitrogen (P0.05), total nitrogen (P 0.05), total nitrogen (P 0.05). 40~60cm soil microbial biomass was negatively correlated with altitude, C / N ratio (P0.05), and positively correlated with organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and total nitrogen (P0.05). Soil microbial biomass can reflect the change of soil fertility as a biological index to evaluate soil fertility.
【作者單位】： 東北林業(yè)大學(xué)林學(xué)院;新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)草業(yè)與環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41461048)資助
【分類號】：S812.2

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