【摘要】：目的了解貴州省安順地區(qū)蛇類自然感染猬裂頭蚴的情況,并對(duì)蛇源裂頭蚴的生物學(xué)特性進(jìn)行研究。方法①將野生蛇處死,去皮后按順序編號(hào)。檢測蛇體內(nèi)猬裂頭蚴的感染情況,觀察蛇體感染裂頭蚴后的病理組織變化;②口服法以5條/只裂頭蚴感染昆明小鼠,于感染后10min、20min、30min、1h、2h、4h、6h、24h、7d、14d分別處死一組小鼠(3只小鼠/組),觀察裂頭蚴在小鼠體內(nèi)的移行及分布;③將游離的或有囊包的裂頭蚴分別感染二組小鼠(每組6只,每只感染5條裂頭蚴),記錄二組小鼠的感染率;④將80只小鼠,分成8組(每組10只,每只感染3條裂頭蚴)。1~4組小鼠分別經(jīng)口感染,在100%蛇膽汁濃度下處理0.5h、3h、6h或12h的裂頭蚴,5~8組為生理鹽水處理0.5h、3h、6h或12h的對(duì)照組;⑤將20只小鼠,分成2組,每組10只。第1組每只感染5條蛇株裂頭蚴,第2組每只感染5條蛙株裂頭蚴。2周后剖殺小鼠,收集小鼠體內(nèi)的裂頭蚴,計(jì)數(shù)各組裂頭蚴的檢出率。結(jié)果①在捕捉到的50條野生蛇中裂頭蚴的感染率為78.0%(39/50),陽性蛇的感染強(qiáng)度為2~347條;在蛇體內(nèi),裂頭蚴主要寄生于皮下(45.2%),其次為體腔(39.8%)及肌肉(15.0%);②發(fā)現(xiàn)小鼠經(jīng)口服感染裂頭蚴后,裂頭蚴最早于10 min穿透胃腸壁;感染后20 min,腹腔內(nèi)已見穿過腸壁的裂頭蚴;感染后10 min至6 h,裂頭蚴主要見于胃腸腔、胃腸壁和腹腔內(nèi);感染24 h,有少數(shù)的裂頭蚴移行至小鼠皮下;感染7 d后,大多數(shù)的裂頭蚴移行至皮下組織,從頸部、軀干及頭部皮下組織檢獲的裂頭蚴數(shù)分別為7、6和1條;腦、心臟、肝臟、腎臟及肺等器官未見裂頭蚴寄生;③蛇體內(nèi)的裂頭蚴有三種致病狀態(tài),分別為游離狀態(tài)、薄壁囊包的蟲體及變性壞死囊包蟲體。游離蟲體對(duì)周圍肌肉組織有輕度的擠壓,見少量的嗜中性粒細(xì)胞浸潤。薄壁囊包的蟲體,其囊壁薄,由一層纖維組織形成,內(nèi)含少量的炎性細(xì)胞,囊內(nèi)蟲體活動(dòng)好。變性壞死囊包蟲體,囊內(nèi)的蟲體逐漸由壞死無組織結(jié)構(gòu)的蟲體殘片及嗜酸性物質(zhì)替代,囊壁增厚,壁內(nèi)的炎性細(xì)胞增多,主要以淋巴細(xì)胞為主,且囊壁出現(xiàn)早期的肉芽腫反應(yīng)。用游離狀態(tài)和有囊包壁囊包的裂頭蚴感染小鼠后,兩組的感染率分別為43.33%和56.67%,兩組之間無明顯差異(P0.05);④經(jīng)膽汁浸泡后的裂頭蚴對(duì)小鼠的感染性與生理鹽水對(duì)照組比較,兩者無明顯差異(P0.05);⑤與蛙株裂頭蚴相比,蛇株裂頭蚴對(duì)小鼠的感染性無明顯差異(P0.05)。結(jié)論貴州安順地區(qū)野生蛇類裂頭蚴感染嚴(yán)重,存在食品安全隱患。蛇類裂頭蚴感染率的調(diào)查及生物學(xué)特性的研究有助于裂頭蚴病致病機(jī)制、診斷及預(yù)防等方面的后續(xù)研究。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the natural infection of serpentine mitomycaria in Anshun, Guizhou Province, and to study the biological characteristics of serpentine mitomycaria. Methods 1 the wild snake was killed and the skin was removed and numbered in sequence. To detect the infection of mitomycaria in snake body and to observe the pathological changes of snake body after infection with mitomycaria. Ten minutes after infection, a group of mice (3 mice / group) were killed to observe the migration and distribution of mitomycaria in vivo, and the free or encapsulated mitomycariae were infected with two groups of mice (6 mice in each group, respectively) at 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 24 h, 7 d, 14 days, respectively. (4) 80 mice were divided into 8 groups (10 in each group and 3 in each). At the concentration of 100% snake bile, the mitomycaria was treated at 0.5 h, 3h, 6h or 12h, and the control group was treated with normal saline for 0.5h, 3h, 6h or 12h, and (5) 20 mice were divided into 2 groups, 10 rats in each group. The first group was infected with 5 filariae per snake strain, and the second group was infected with 5 frog strain mitomycaria. After 2 weeks, mice were dissected to collect the mitocercaria in mice, and the positive rate of each group was counted. Results (1) the infection rate of mitomycaria was 78.0% (39 / 50), and the infection intensity of positive serpent was 21,347. In the snake, the caterpillar was mainly parasitic on the skin (45.2%), followed by the body cavity (39.8%) and muscle (15.0%). Mitomycaria first penetrated the gastrointestinal wall at 10 min, and 20 min, after infection, the mitomycaria was found in the abdominal cavity, stomach wall and abdominal cavity from 10 min to 6 h after infection, and was mainly found in the gastrointestinal cavity, gastroenteric wall and abdominal cavity at 10 min to 6 h after infection. 7 days after infection, most of the mitomycaria migrated to subcutaneous tissue, and the number of mitomycaria seized from neck, trunk and head subcutaneous tissue was 76 and 1 respectively, brain, heart, liver, brain, heart and liver, brain, heart, liver, brain, heart and liver respectively. There were three pathogenetic states in the hydatid of the snake, which were free, thin wall cyst and denatured necrotic hydatid. The free body slightly compresses the surrounding muscle tissue and shows a small amount of neutrophil infiltration. Thin-walled cyst with a thin wall formed by a layer of fibrous tissue containing a small number of inflammatory cells. Denatured necrotic cyst hydatid, the cyst body was gradually replaced by necrotic and acidophilic substance, the cyst wall thickened, the inflammatory cells in the wall increased, mainly lymphocytes, and the early granuloma reaction occurred in the cyst wall. The infection rates of the two groups were 43.33% and 56.67%, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P0.05), and 5 there was no significant difference in the infectivity of serpentine caterpillar to mice compared with frog strain (P0.05). Conclusion the infection of wild serpentine mitomycaria in Anshun area of Guizhou Province is serious and there are hidden dangers of food safety. The investigation of infection rate and biological characteristics of mitomycaria of snake is helpful to further study on pathogenesis, diagnosis and prevention of mitomycosis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴陽醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S858.9

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