【摘要】：本研究以陜北白絨山羊種公羊為研究對象,采用飼養(yǎng)試驗和消化試驗相結(jié)合的研究方法,研究了不同能量攝入水平對絨山羊種公羊日增重、養(yǎng)分消化率、血清生化指標和精液品質(zhì)的影響,進而分別對種公羊預備期、正式配種期和恢復期能量需要量進行了研究,旨在為建立和完善陜北白絨山羊飼養(yǎng)標準提供基礎參數(shù)。本研究選取12只體重相近(54.95±2.21 kg)、體況良好、精液品質(zhì)相近的陜北白絨山羊成年種公羊,按照隨機區(qū)組設計分為4組,每組3個重復,每個重復1只羊,分別飼喂4種日糧。日糧按NRC(1981,2007)標準推薦量的85%(5.95 MJ/kg),100%(7.00MJ/kg),115%(8.05 MJ/kg)和130%(9.10 MJ/kg)設置4個能量梯度。試驗期120 d,分為配種預備期(50 d)、配種期(40 d)和恢復期(30 d)三個階段。每個試驗階段最后進行10 d的消化試驗,消化試驗采用外源指示劑法進行,指示劑為Cr2O3。結(jié)果如下:(1)不同能量攝入水平對試驗公羊各時期的平均日增重(ADG)均產(chǎn)生了極顯著影響(P0.01);5.95 MJ/kg組和7.00 MJ/kg組試驗公羊在整個試驗期體重先減后增,8.05MJ/kg組和9.10 MJ/kg組公羊體重呈現(xiàn)先增后減再增的趨勢。(2)在本試驗條件下,試驗公羊的總能(GE)和干物質(zhì)(DM)消化率隨日糧能量攝入水平的升高而顯著升高(P0.05)。在預備期和配種期,日糧能量攝入水平對試驗公羊的粗蛋白(CP)消化率影響顯著(P0.05),對公羊的中性洗滌纖維(NDF)和酸性洗滌纖維(ADF)的消化率沒有產(chǎn)生顯著影響(P0.05),但隨著能量攝入水平的提高呈現(xiàn)增高的趨勢;在恢復期,能量攝入水平對試驗公羊的CP和ADF的消化率沒有顯著影響,但對試驗公羊的NDF消化率產(chǎn)生了顯著影響(P0.05)。(3)能量攝入水平對試驗公羊各時期的谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(GPT)和谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(GOT)的活性沒有顯著影響。隨著能量攝入水平的提高,試驗公羊的葡萄糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)和總膽固醇(TC)濃度呈上升趨勢,血清尿素氮(UN)呈下降趨勢。(4)在整個配種期,采精頻率對試驗公羊的睪酮濃度和射精量產(chǎn)生了極顯著影響(P0.01)。日糧能量水平對試驗公羊的射精量和精子密度顯著(P0.05),對有效精子數(shù)影響極顯著(P0.01),對精子活力影響不顯著(P0.05)。射精量、精子密度和有效精子數(shù)均以8.05 MJ/kg組最好。5天2次采精頻率下試驗公羊的精液品質(zhì)優(yōu)于5天4次的采精頻率。采精頻率和能量對試驗公羊的血清睪酮濃度產(chǎn)生了極顯著的交互作用(P0.01),對射精量、精子活力、精子密度和有效精子數(shù)的交互作用不顯著(P0.05)。(5)陜北白絨山羊種公羊的消化能(DE)和代謝能(ME)的回歸公式分別為:預備期:DE(MJ/d)= 0.642W0.75+ 0.083ADG(R2=0.993,P=0.002)ME(MJ/d)= 0.527W0.75+ 0.068ADG(R2=0.993,P=0.002);配種期:DE(MJ/d)=(0.642+0.4644n)W0.75,(n為采精次數(shù)/d)ME(MJ/d)=(0.527+0.3800n)W0.75;恢復期DE(MJ/d)= 0.555W0.75 + 0.064ADG(R2=0.996,P=0.001)ME(MJ/d)= 0.455W0.75+ 0.053ADG(R2=0.996,P=0.001)。(6)本試驗推薦陜北白絨山羊種公羊配種期日糧的適宜ME濃度范圍為8.05 MJ/kg~8.99 MJ/kg。
[Abstract]:In this study, we studied the effect of different levels of energy intake on daily gain and nutrient digestibility of white cashmere goat breeds in Northern Shaanxi Province by combining feeding experiment with digestibility test, and the effects of different energy intake levels on daily gain and nutrient digestibility of cashmere goats were studied. The effects of serum biochemical indexes and semen quality on the energy requirements in preparation period, formal breeding period and convalescence stage of male sheep were studied in order to provide basic parameters for establishing and perfecting the raising standard of Northern Shaanxi White Cashmere Goat. In this study, 12 adult male goats with similar body weight (54.95 鹵2.21 kg),) and similar semen quality were divided into 4 groups according to random block design. Dietary energy gradients were set at 85% (5.95 MJ/kg), 100% (7.00MJ/kg), 115% (8.05 MJ/kg) and 130% (9.10 MJ/kg) of NRC (1981 ~ 2007). The experiment period was 120 days, which was divided into three stages: mating preparation period (50 d),) mating period (40 d) and convalescence stage (30 d). At the end of each trial stage, the digestion test was carried out for 10 days. The digestion test was carried out by exogenous indicator method with Cr2O3. as the indicator. The results were as follows: (1) different levels of energy intake had a significant effect on the average daily gain (ADG) of the experimental ram in each period (P0.01). (P0.01) the weight loss and gain of 8.05 MJ / kg group and 9.10 MJ/kg group of male sheep in 5.95 MJ/kg group and 7.00 MJ/kg group during the whole trial period were very significant (P0.01). There is a tendency to increase first and then decrease then increase. (2) under this experimental condition, The digestibility of total energy (GE) and dry matter (DM) increased with the increase of dietary energy intake (P0.05). During the preparatory period and the mating period, Dietary energy intake had significant effect on the digestibility of crude protein (CP) (P0.05), but had no significant effect on the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acidic detergent fiber (ADF) in male sheep (P0.05), but with the increase of energy intake level. Showing an upward trend; During the recovery period, the levels of energy intake had no significant effect on the digestibility of CP and ADF in the experimental ram. However, the NDF digestibility of the male sheep was significantly affected (P0.05). (3). The level of energy intake had no significant effect on the activities of (GPT) and (GOT) of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and alanine aminotransferase (GOT). With the increase of energy intake, the concentrations of glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) increased, and the serum urea nitrogen (UN) decreased. The frequency of ejaculation had a significant effect on testosterone concentration and ejaculation (P0.01). Dietary energy levels had significant effects on ejaculation and sperm density (P0.05), on effective sperm count (P0.01), and on sperm motility (P0.05). The ejaculation quantity, sperm density and effective sperm number were 8. 05 MJ/kg. The semen quality of male sheep was better than that of 4 ejaculation times in 5 days. The frequency and energy of spermatozoa had a significant interaction on serum testosterone concentration (P0.01), and on ejaculation and sperm motility. 綺懼瓙瀵嗗害鍜屾湁鏁堢簿瀛愭暟鐨勪氦浜掍綔鐢ㄤ笉鏄捐憲(P0.05).(5)闄曞寳鐧界粧灞辯緤縐嶅叕緹婄殑娑堝寲鑳，

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