【摘要】：酵母自溶物替代抗生素作為一種新型添加劑逐漸應用于養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)中,本試驗通過在實驗室優(yōu)化發(fā)酵工藝篩選出酵母自溶物作為飼料添加劑,設置不同劑量的酵母自溶物(0.0%、0.1%、0.4%、0.8%、2%、4%)添加到肉仔雞飼糧中,采用完全隨機分組試驗設計,通過測定肉仔雞生長性能和血液生化指標,確定最適添加量,以期為實際生產(chǎn)提供指導。試驗研究結(jié)果概括如下:(1)日糧中添加酵母自溶物可以明顯改善肉仔雞生產(chǎn)性能。7~42日齡,各試驗組的日采食量較對照組均有不同程度的提高,日增重各試驗組都顯著或極顯著高于對照組,料重比均顯著低于對照組。其中肉仔雞的生長性能在添加2%的酵母自溶物時效果最佳。(2)日糧中添加酵母自溶物可以提高肉仔雞對營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的利用率。試驗B、C、D、E組顯著提高了粗蛋白、干物質(zhì)、粗脂肪、磷及表觀代謝能的代謝率(P0.05),且有提高粗灰分表觀代謝率的趨勢。試驗A組與對照組的表觀代謝率差異不顯著(P0.05)。(3)日糧中添加酵母自溶物對肉仔雞血液生化指標有不同程度的影響。各試驗組血液中總蛋白的濃度均顯著或極顯著高于對照組(P0.05);尿素氮呈現(xiàn)先上升后下降的趨勢,但差異不顯著(P0.05),試驗D組含量最高;血糖含量在21日齡時,各試驗組均有不同程度的上升,42日齡時,血糖含量呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢,試驗E組含量最低,但各組與對照組差異均不顯著(P0.05)。(4)隨著酵母自溶物添加量的增多,試驗A、B、C組堿性磷酸酶含量有所上升,但與對照組相比差異不顯著(P0.05)。試驗D組和E組血液中谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶、谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶和堿性磷酸酶的濃度顯著高于其余各組(P0.05)。表明添加一定劑量的酵母自溶物對肉仔雞肝臟等器官不會產(chǎn)生不利影響,但是當添加量超過2%時,谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶、谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶和堿性磷酸酶活性升高,在一定程度上影響了機體器官的正常運轉(zhuǎn)功能。
[Abstract]:Yeast autolytic compounds were gradually used as a new additive in aquaculture production. Yeast autolytic compounds were selected as feed additives by optimizing fermentation process in laboratory. Different doses of yeast autolytic substance (0.010%) were added to the diet of broilers. The optimal dosage was determined by measuring the growth performance and blood biochemical indexes of broilers in order to provide guidance for practical production. The results of the experiment were summarized as follows: (1) adding yeast autolytic compound into the diet could significantly improve the performance of broilers. The daily feed intake of each trial group was higher than that of the control group. The daily gain of each trial group was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that of the control group, and the ratio of feed to weight was significantly lower than that of the control group. Among them, the growth performance of broilers was the best when adding 2% yeast autolysis. (2) adding yeast autolysis in diet could improve the utilization rate of nutrients in broilers. The metabolic rates of crude protein, dry matter, crude fat, phosphorus and apparent metabolizable energy were significantly increased in group B (P 0.05) and the apparent metabolic rate of crude ash (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in apparent metabolic rate between experimental group A and control group (P0.05). (3) adding yeast autolytic compound in diet had different effects on blood biochemical indexes of broilers. The concentration of total protein in blood of each trial group was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05); urea nitrogen showed a trend of first rising and then decreasing, but the difference was not significant (P0.05). Group D had the highest concentration of blood sugar at 21 days of age. At 42 days of age, the blood sugar content in each trial group showed a decreasing trend, but the lowest in group E, but no significant difference between each group and the control group (P0.05). (4) with the increase of the amount of yeast autolytic substance. The content of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased in group A (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference compared with the control group (P 0.05). The concentrations of serum alanine aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase in group D and E were significantly higher than those in other groups (P0.05). The results showed that adding a certain amount of yeast autolysis did not affect the liver and other organs of broilers, but the activities of alanine aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase increased when the dosage exceeded 2. To some extent, affect the normal functioning of the body organs.
【學位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S831.5

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