發(fā)布時間：2018-08-13 13:27

【摘要】：本試驗選取1日齡健康、體重相近的愛拔益加(Arbor Acres,AA)肉仔雞公雛240只,隨機分4組,每組6個重復,每個重復10只雞。適應1周后按50 mg·kg-1·BW劑量連續(xù)2次腹腔注射2%鏈脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)溶液后,對照組飼喂基礎飼糧,槲皮素組分別在基礎飼糧中添加0.02%、0.04%、0.06%槲皮素,試驗期共6周。本試驗通過對肉雞血糖、血脂以及腹脂沉積進行測定,探討槲皮素對肉雞脂質代謝的作用及其機制。1.槲皮素對AA肉雞生長性能的影響與對照組相比,3水平槲皮素組AA肉雞的平均日采食量、平均日增重、料重比差異均不顯著(P0.05)。2.槲皮素對AA肉雞屠宰性能的影響與對照組相比,0.04%槲皮素組AA肉雞腿肌率極顯著增加(P0.01),且顯著高于0.06%槲皮素組(P0.05);0.04%、0.06%槲皮素組肉雞腹脂率均顯著降低(P0.05,P0.01);3水平槲皮素組屠宰率、半凈膛率、全凈膛率、胸肌率均無顯著差異(P0.05)。3.槲皮素對AA肉雞血液生化指標的影響與對照組相比,0.04%、0.06%槲皮素組AA肉雞空腹血糖含量均顯著降低(P0.05,P0.01);0.06%槲皮素組肉雞空腹血清胰島素濃度顯著增加(P0.05);0.04%、0.06%槲皮素組血清總膽固醇含量顯著降低(P0.05);0.04%、0.06%槲皮素組血清甘油三酯含量極顯著降低(P0.01);3水平槲皮素組血清低密度脂蛋白膽固醇含量均顯著降低(P0.05);0.06%槲皮素組血清游離脂肪酸含量顯著降低(P0.05);0.02%、0.04%槲皮素組血清TNF-α含量顯著降低(P0.05,P0.01);0.04%槲皮素組血清脂聯(lián)素、瘦素含量均顯著升高(P0.01,P0.05)。4.槲皮素對AA肉雞磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶/蛋白激酶B(PI3K/PKB)信號通路相關基因表達的影響與對照組相比,0.06%槲皮素組AA肉雞肝臟胰島素受體基因表達極顯著增加(P0.01);0.04%槲皮素組肝臟PI3K基因表達極顯著增加(P0.01);0.04%、0.06%槲皮素組肉雞肝臟和腿肌PKB基因表達均極顯著提高(P0.01);0.06%槲皮素組腿肌胰島素受體底物-1基因表達極顯著增加(P0.01)。綜上所述,飼糧中添加一定劑量的槲皮素能刺激胰島素分泌,降低STZ肉雞血糖濃度,降低血脂含量,提高瘦素、脂聯(lián)素的分泌,激活PI3K/PKB信號通路,從而改善脂質代謝,最終降低肉雞腹脂沉積。
[Abstract]:A total of 240 male broilers of Arbor Acresco AA, who were 1 day old and of similar body weight, were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 chickens in each group. After 1 week of adaptation, 2% streptozotocin (STZ) solution was injected intraperitoneally at the dose of 50mg kg-1 BW. The control group was fed with basic diet, and the quercetin group was fed with 0.02% quercetin 0.04% quercetin in the basal diet for 6 weeks. The effects of quercetin on lipid metabolism in broilers and its mechanism were studied by measuring blood glucose, blood lipid and abdominal lipid deposition in broilers. Effects of quercetin on growth performance of AA broilers compared with the control group, the average daily intake, average daily gain and feed weight ratio of AA broilers in Quercetin group were not significantly different (P0.05). Effects of quercetin on slaughter performance of AA broilers compared with the control group, the percentage of leg muscle of AA broilers in 0.04% quercetin group increased significantly (P0.01), and was significantly higher than that in 0.06% quercetin group (P0.05). The percentage of abdominal fat in broilers of 0.04% quercetin group decreased significantly (P0.05P0.01), and the slaughtering rate of quercetin group was significantly higher than that of 0.06% quercetin group (P0.05P0.01). There was no significant difference in the rate of half, total and pectoral muscles (P0.05). Effect of quercetin on blood biochemical indexes of AA broilers compared with control group, the fasting blood glucose content of AA broilers in 0.06% quercetin group was significantly decreased (P0.05, P0.01). The fasting serum insulin concentration in AA broiler chickens in quercetin group was significantly increased (P0.05), and the serum total bile duct in 0.04% quercetin group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.05, P0.01). The serum triglyceride content of 0.06% quercetin group was significantly decreased (P0.01) the serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol content in quercetin group was significantly decreased (P0.05) the serum free fatty acid content in 0.06% quercetin group was significantly decreased (P0.05) the serum free fatty acid content in the quercetin group was 0.02% (P0.05) and the content of serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol in quercetin group was 0.04% significantly lower than that in the quercetin group (P0.05). The content of serum TNF- 偽 in quercetin group was significantly lower than that in quercetin group (P0.05, P0.01) and adiponectin in serum of quercetin group was 0.04%. Leptin content increased significantly (P 0.01 P 0.05). 4. Effect of quercetin on expression of phosphatidylinositol -3-kinase / protein kinase B (PI3K/PKB) signaling pathway in AA broilers compared with control group, the expression of insulin receptor gene in liver of AA broiler chickens in 0.06% quercetin group was significantly increased (P0.01) 0.04% quercetin group The expression of PI3K gene in liver and leg muscle of broilers was significantly increased (P0.01). The expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 gene in leg muscle was significantly increased (P0.01) in the group of quercetin 0.04% quercetin (P0.01), and the expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 (P0.01) in muscle of leg muscle in quercetin group was significantly higher than that in group B (P0.01). In conclusion, a certain dose of quercetin in diet can stimulate insulin secretion, reduce blood glucose concentration, reduce blood lipid content, increase the secretion of leptin and adiponectin, activate PI3K/PKB signaling pathway, and improve lipid metabolism in STZ broilers. Ultimately reduce abdominal fat deposition in broilers.
【學位授予單位】：東北農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S831.5

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