陰外動脈灌注氨基酸和脂肪酸對奶牛乳腺蛋白質(zhì)合成和氨基酸攝取規(guī)律的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-03 07:09
【摘要】：本試驗利用血插管技術(shù),通過對低精料玉米秸稈(CS組)日糧模式的奶牛陰外動脈分別灌注氨基酸和脂肪酸,研究其對泌乳性能、動脈血中氨基酸的濃度以及乳腺對氨基酸攝取規(guī)律的影響,探討了以玉米秸稈為主要粗飼料的日糧模式其產(chǎn)奶量、乳蛋白產(chǎn)量低下的原因是否與陰外動脈血中外源供給的乳蛋白前體物濃度的差異有關(guān),研究結(jié)果為科學(xué)合理地利用秸稈粗飼料提供理論依據(jù)。試驗將8頭體況良好、體重相近、泌乳期(99±11 d)、產(chǎn)奶量(20.17±1.28 kg/d)、經(jīng)產(chǎn)的荷斯坦奶牛分成兩組,每組4頭。試驗采用2×2交叉試驗設(shè)計。在兩種不同粗飼料模式(低精料玉米秸稈日糧模式CS,混合粗飼料日糧模式MF)下,CS組分別灌注載體(C)、氨基酸(AA)和脂肪酸(FA),MF組只灌注C。試驗分2個階段進行,第一階段預(yù)飼期14天,灌注期9天。第二階段CS組試驗動物與MF組互換,處理方法同第一階段。每個灌注期的后兩天采集乳樣和血樣,分析研究氨基酸和脂肪酸灌注對乳腺內(nèi)氨基酸攝取規(guī)律的影響。試驗分為三個部分：試驗一主要研究了陰外動脈灌注氨基酸和脂肪酸對奶牛產(chǎn)奶量、乳蛋白產(chǎn)量和乳蛋白率的影響。試驗二主要研究了陰外動脈灌注氨基酸和脂肪酸對奶牛尾動脈氨基酸濃度及比例的影響。試驗三主要研究了陰外動脈灌注氨基酸和脂肪酸對奶牛乳腺氨基酸攝取效率的影響。在本試驗條件下得出：(1)CS組奶牛陰外動脈灌注氨基酸,可顯著提高乳蛋白率和乳中的總氨基酸(TAA),支鏈氨基酸(BCAA)、限制性氨基酸(LAA)、必需氨基酸(EAA)和非必需氨基酸(NEA AA)含量；在產(chǎn)奶量、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)乳產(chǎn)量和乳蛋白產(chǎn)量方面可以減小與MF組的差距,但仍然顯著或趨于顯著地低于MF組。(2)CS組奶牛陰外動脈灌注脂肪酸,可以提高乳蛋白率和乳蛋白合成效率,但對乳中氨基酸的濃度沒有顯著影響；在產(chǎn)奶量、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)乳產(chǎn)量和乳蛋白產(chǎn)量方面可以減小與MF組的差距,但仍然顯著或趨于顯著地低于MF組。(3)CS組奶牛陰外動脈灌注氨基酸可以顯著提高尾動脈血漿中TAA、EAA、 NEAA、BCAA以及Asp、Ser、Ala、Leu、Lys、His、Glu和Ile等FAA的濃度。可顯著或趨于顯著地提高血流量和氨基酸的日供給量,但顯著降低了乳腺對氨基酸的攝取效率。(4)CS組奶牛陰外動脈灌注脂肪酸可顯著或趨于顯著地降低尾動脈血漿中TAA、EAA、LAA的含量；乳腺血流量和日供給量有顯著升高的趨勢,各AA動靜脈濃度差有下降的趨勢,且EAA和LAA顯著降低,但對乳腺氨基酸的攝取效率和攝取量影響較小。(5)CS組奶牛陰外動脈血中氨基酸的濃度低下、氨基酸的日供給量不足和氨基酸動靜脈濃度差較高可能是導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)奶量和乳蛋白產(chǎn)量低于MF組的主要原因。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, the blood intubation technique was used to study the lactating performance of dairy cows fed with low concentrate corn straw (CS) diet model by injecting amino acids and fatty acids into the external vaginal arteries, respectively. The effect of amino acid concentration in arterial blood and mammary gland on amino acid uptake was studied. Whether the reason of low milk protein production is related to the difference of the concentration of milk protein precursor supplied by external blood of external yin artery, the research results provide the theoretical basis for the scientific and reasonable use of straw forage. Eight Holstein cows were divided into two groups, four in each group, with good body condition and similar body weight, milk yield (20.17 鹵1.28 kg/d) during lactation period (99 鹵11 d),). The test was designed by 2 脳 2 cross-test. Under two different forage patterns (low concentrate corn straw diet CSA, mixed forage diet MF), the CS group was infused with carrier (C), amino acid (AA) and fatty acid (FA) (FA) MF respectively. The experiment was divided into two stages, the first stage prefeeding period 14 days, the perfusion period 9 days. In the second stage, CS group was interchanged with MF group, and the treatment method was the same as that in the first stage. Milk and blood samples were collected two days after each perfusion period to study the effect of amino acid and fatty acid perfusion on amino acid uptake in mammary gland. The experiment was divided into three parts: experiment 1 studied the effects of amino acid and fatty acid on milk yield, protein yield and milk protein rate of dairy cows. The effect of amino acid and fatty acid on the concentration and proportion of amino acid in caudal artery of dairy cattle was studied in experiment 2. The effect of amino acid and fatty acid infusion on amino acid uptake efficiency in dairy cow breast was studied in experiment 3. The results showed that: (1) the milk protein rate and the contents of total amino acid (TAA), branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), restricted amino acid (LAA), essential amino acid (EAA) and non-essential amino acid (NEA AA) were significantly increased in CS group. In milk yield, standard milk yield and milk protein yield, the difference between MF group and standard milk yield could be reduced, but it was still significantly lower than that in MF group. (2) Fatty acid infusion by external vaginal artery in CS group could improve milk protein rate and milk protein synthesis efficiency. But there was no significant effect on the concentration of amino acids in milk, and the difference between MF group and milk yield, standard milk yield and milk protein yield was reduced. (3) Amino acid infusion into the external vaginal artery of CS group could significantly increase the concentration of FAA such as TAA EAA, NEA ANAA and Ile in caudal artery plasma of dairy cattle in CS group, but it was still significantly lower than that in MF group. (3) the concentration of FAA in caudal artery plasma was significantly increased in CSA group than in MF group. (3) the concentration of FAA in caudal artery plasma was significantly increased in CS group. The daily supply of amino acids and blood flow was significantly increased or tended to be increased, but the intake efficiency of amino acids was significantly decreased in the breast. (4) in CS group, the content of TAA EAALAA in caudal artery plasma decreased significantly or tended to decrease significantly. The mammary blood flow and daily supply volume increased significantly, and the difference of AA arteriovenous concentration decreased, and EAA and LAA decreased significantly. However, there was little effect on the intake efficiency and intake of amino acids in breast. (5) the concentration of amino acids in extravaginal arterial blood was lower in CS group. The deficiency of daily supply of amino acids and the high concentration difference of amino acids may be the main reasons of milk yield and milk protein production lower than those of MF group.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S823.5
本文編號：2160983
[Abstract]:In this experiment, the blood intubation technique was used to study the lactating performance of dairy cows fed with low concentrate corn straw (CS) diet model by injecting amino acids and fatty acids into the external vaginal arteries, respectively. The effect of amino acid concentration in arterial blood and mammary gland on amino acid uptake was studied. Whether the reason of low milk protein production is related to the difference of the concentration of milk protein precursor supplied by external blood of external yin artery, the research results provide the theoretical basis for the scientific and reasonable use of straw forage. Eight Holstein cows were divided into two groups, four in each group, with good body condition and similar body weight, milk yield (20.17 鹵1.28 kg/d) during lactation period (99 鹵11 d),). The test was designed by 2 脳 2 cross-test. Under two different forage patterns (low concentrate corn straw diet CSA, mixed forage diet MF), the CS group was infused with carrier (C), amino acid (AA) and fatty acid (FA) (FA) MF respectively. The experiment was divided into two stages, the first stage prefeeding period 14 days, the perfusion period 9 days. In the second stage, CS group was interchanged with MF group, and the treatment method was the same as that in the first stage. Milk and blood samples were collected two days after each perfusion period to study the effect of amino acid and fatty acid perfusion on amino acid uptake in mammary gland. The experiment was divided into three parts: experiment 1 studied the effects of amino acid and fatty acid on milk yield, protein yield and milk protein rate of dairy cows. The effect of amino acid and fatty acid on the concentration and proportion of amino acid in caudal artery of dairy cattle was studied in experiment 2. The effect of amino acid and fatty acid infusion on amino acid uptake efficiency in dairy cow breast was studied in experiment 3. The results showed that: (1) the milk protein rate and the contents of total amino acid (TAA), branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), restricted amino acid (LAA), essential amino acid (EAA) and non-essential amino acid (NEA AA) were significantly increased in CS group. In milk yield, standard milk yield and milk protein yield, the difference between MF group and standard milk yield could be reduced, but it was still significantly lower than that in MF group. (2) Fatty acid infusion by external vaginal artery in CS group could improve milk protein rate and milk protein synthesis efficiency. But there was no significant effect on the concentration of amino acids in milk, and the difference between MF group and milk yield, standard milk yield and milk protein yield was reduced. (3) Amino acid infusion into the external vaginal artery of CS group could significantly increase the concentration of FAA such as TAA EAA, NEA ANAA and Ile in caudal artery plasma of dairy cattle in CS group, but it was still significantly lower than that in MF group. (3) the concentration of FAA in caudal artery plasma was significantly increased in CSA group than in MF group. (3) the concentration of FAA in caudal artery plasma was significantly increased in CS group. The daily supply of amino acids and blood flow was significantly increased or tended to be increased, but the intake efficiency of amino acids was significantly decreased in the breast. (4) in CS group, the content of TAA EAALAA in caudal artery plasma decreased significantly or tended to decrease significantly. The mammary blood flow and daily supply volume increased significantly, and the difference of AA arteriovenous concentration decreased, and EAA and LAA decreased significantly. However, there was little effect on the intake efficiency and intake of amino acids in breast. (5) the concentration of amino acids in extravaginal arterial blood was lower in CS group. The deficiency of daily supply of amino acids and the high concentration difference of amino acids may be the main reasons of milk yield and milk protein production lower than those of MF group.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S823.5
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