【摘要】：為明晰牦牛和藏羊踐踏對(duì)陰山扁蓿豆光合特性的分異影響,在天祝高寒草地采用模擬降水和踐踏雙因子控制試驗(yàn),研究了陰山扁蓿豆單葉面積、葉綠素含量、葉片氣體交換參數(shù)變化對(duì)短期模擬牦牛、藏羊踐踏和降水的響應(yīng)。結(jié)果表明,隨著模擬牦牛和藏羊踐踏強(qiáng)度的增加、模擬降水量的降低,陰山扁蓿豆單葉面積、葉綠素含量、蒸騰速率(T_r)、葉片氣孔導(dǎo)度(G_s)和凈光合速率(P_n)均呈下降趨勢(shì),胞間CO_2濃度(C_i)呈上升趨勢(shì)。相同降水量下,藏羊和牦牛輕度踐踏強(qiáng)度下陰山扁蓿豆蒸騰速率、葉片氣孔導(dǎo)度和凈光合速率均高于對(duì)照,胞間CO_2濃度低于對(duì)照。與對(duì)照相比,牦牛重度踐踏處理下陰山扁蓿豆單葉面積、葉綠素含量、蒸騰速率、葉片氣孔導(dǎo)度和凈光合速率的降幅和胞間CO_2濃度的升幅均大于藏羊重度踐踏處理。單一的模擬降水或模擬踐踏極顯著地影響了各測(cè)定指標(biāo),且兩者共同作用對(duì)陰山扁蓿豆單葉面積、蒸騰速率、葉片氣孔導(dǎo)度、凈光合速率和踐踏末期葉綠素含量的影響達(dá)極顯著水平。綜合可得,牦牛和藏羊輕度踐踏可促進(jìn)陰山扁蓿豆光合作用,重度踐踏嚴(yán)重抑制了陰山扁蓿豆光合作用,且牦牛踐踏對(duì)陰山扁蓿豆光合能力的抑制作用大于藏羊踐踏。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the effect of yak and Tibetan sheep trampling on photosynthetic characteristics of alfalfa bean in Yinshan Mountain, simulated precipitation and trampling control experiments were used to study the single leaf area and chlorophyll content in Tianzhu alpine grassland. Response of leaf gas exchange parameters to the short-term simulated yak, Tibetan sheep trampling and precipitation. The results showed that with the increase of simulated yak and Tibetan sheep trampling intensity, the simulated precipitation decreased, the single leaf area, chlorophyll content, transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (GSP) and net photosynthetic rate (PN) of alfalfa bean decreased. The concentration of intercellular CO2 was increasing. Under the same precipitation, the transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate of leaves of Tibetan sheep and yak were higher than those of the control, and the concentration of intercellular CO _ 2 was lower than that of the control. Compared with the control, the decrease of single leaf area, chlorophyll content, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate of leaves and the increase of intercellular CO2 concentration in Yak were higher than those in Tibetan sheep. The single simulated precipitation or simulated trample significantly affected each index, and the combined effects on the single leaf area, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of alfalfa bean were studied. The effect of net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content at the end of trampling was very significant. It can be concluded that light trampling of yak and Tibetan sheep can promote photosynthesis of alfalfa bean in Yinshan Mountain, and severe trampling seriously inhibits photosynthesis, and the inhibitory effect of yak trample on photosynthetic ability of Alfalfa bean in Yinshan Mountain is greater than that on Tibetan sheep.
【作者單位】： 甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)草業(yè)學(xué)院 草業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室 中美草地畜牧業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究中心 甘肅省草業(yè)工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(31360570)資助
【分類號(hào)】：S812

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本文編號(hào)：2122606