本文選題：蘆花雞 + 生產(chǎn)性能��； 參考：《四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：本試驗(yàn)主要比較兩個(gè)橫斑羽自別雌雄雜交組合的生產(chǎn)性能,同時(shí)分析親本的選育進(jìn)展；確定不同品系在配套系中的應(yīng)用方向,以配套模式選育出適應(yīng)性較好、性能穩(wěn)定發(fā)揮的優(yōu)勢雜交組合。本試驗(yàn)包括兩部分,第一部分是對純系LH、HS1、HS2、BH01,所有世代的孵化、繁殖、生長數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較、分析選育進(jìn)展。第二部分包括四個(gè)雜交組合HL1、HL2、BHL1、BHL2。HL1和HL2是二系雜交組合,BHL1和BHL2是三系雜交組合。首先它是以HS1、HS2為父系,LH為母系進(jìn)行二系雜交(HS1×LH、HS2×LH,分別簡寫為HL1、HL2),然后以BHO1作父本與上述二系雜交組合的母本(HLl、HL2)進(jìn)行雜交形成BHL1 (BH01× (HS1×LH)和BHL2(BH01×(HS2×LH)。本試驗(yàn)主要分別觀察和比較兩個(gè)二系組合HL1和HL2以及兩個(gè)三系組合BHL]和BHL2的外貌、生長、繁殖、屠宰、蛋品質(zhì)等性能以確定優(yōu)勢組合。本試驗(yàn)得到以下結(jié)果：1.純系的選育進(jìn)展研究結(jié)果：蘆花雞的體型適中,經(jīng)過兩個(gè)世代的的選育,開產(chǎn)日齡在160d,300d的產(chǎn)蛋量和蛋重分別達(dá)到91.1個(gè)和60.2g,其攜帶橫斑基因,適合作為母本；HS1、HS2體型適中,生長速度顯著,經(jīng)過兩個(gè)世代的選育,二者開產(chǎn)日齡均大約為145d,300d的產(chǎn)蛋數(shù)均達(dá)到了100.7個(gè)、101.4個(gè),13周齡的體重分別達(dá)到了1378.7g、1319.3g,二者是第一父本的最佳選擇；BHO1生長速度快,經(jīng)過四個(gè)世代的選育,開產(chǎn)日齡達(dá)到168d,其300d的產(chǎn)蛋數(shù)提高到91.8個(gè),13周齡體重達(dá)到了1334.8g,其符合終端父本的要求。2.二系雜交組合母雞的生產(chǎn)性能測定結(jié)果：兩個(gè)二系雜交組合的外貌特點(diǎn)主要以麻羽淺脛(HL1、HL2分別占群體0.8%、4.8%)、麻羽深脛(HL1、HL2分別占群體63.9%、77.4%)、黑羽深脛(HL1、HL2分別占群體35.2%、17.7%)三種；對正交的二系雜交組合的雛雞進(jìn)行的蘆花自別雌雄準(zhǔn)確率為100%；二系雜交組合HLl入孵蛋孵化率為78.14%、各階段成活率均大于93.8%和13wk的體重為1429.5g均優(yōu)于HL2(P0.05)；HL2的在()-20wk和21～43wk的只耗料量為8.2kg、16.6kg均優(yōu)于HL1; HL2的300d產(chǎn)蛋數(shù)為119.4個(gè),其產(chǎn)蛋性能優(yōu)于HLl(P0.05)；HL2蛋品質(zhì)的蛋白高度、哈氏單位、蛋黃顏色上明顯高于HLl(P0.05),HL2的屠體重為1.85kg,皮脂厚為0.96cm均顯著高于HL1(P().05),綜合考慮,二系雜交組合的HL2的生產(chǎn)性能優(yōu)于HL1。3.三系雜交組合母雞的生產(chǎn)性能結(jié)果：兩個(gè)三系組合公、母雞外貌特征分類基本相同,其數(shù)量變化由多到少為淺羽深脛、深羽深脛、淺羽淺脛；三系雜交組合母雞BHL1的入孵蛋孵化率為82.4%優(yōu)于BHL2, BHL2 21～43wk的成活率為98.18%高于BHL1,二者體重、耗料量之間的差異不大：BHL2母雞的開產(chǎn)日齡為176d,300d產(chǎn)蛋量是94.3個(gè),其產(chǎn)蛋性能好于BHL1 (P＜0.05); BHL1母雞的蛋白高度明顯高于BHL2母雞(P0.05),其他蛋品質(zhì)之間差異不明顯；BHL2母雞的肌胃重、肌胃重率、腹脂重和腹脂率明顯高于BHL1母雞(P0.05),其他屠宰性能之間無差異；本試驗(yàn)說明,三系組合母雞BHL2的生產(chǎn)性能更加優(yōu)于BHL1母雞。4.三系雜交組合公雞的生產(chǎn)性能結(jié)果：BHLl和BHL2公雞的各周齡體重?zé)o差異,BHL1的7-17wk的成活率為98.21%高于BHL2, BHL2公雞胸肌重、胸肌率分別為173.2g、18.65%均顯著高于BHL1公雞(P0.05),而其他屠宰性能差異不顯著(P＞0.05), BHL1、BHL2公雞在胸、腿肌的剪切力和肌苷酸含量的差異不顯著(P＞0.05), BHL2公雞的腿肌粗水分和粗脂肪的相對含量分別為74.8%、13.3%明顯高于BHL1公雞(P0.05),而其他肉質(zhì)方面差異不顯著(P0.05); BHL2公雞胸肌干物質(zhì)氨基酸的總含量是63.87%,高于BHL1公雞(P＜0.05), BHL2公雞腿肌干物質(zhì)必需氨酸的含量是36.09%,顯著高于BHL1公雞(P0.05),本試驗(yàn)說明,BHL2公雞的屠宰性能、肉品質(zhì)均優(yōu)于BHL1。綜上所述,二、三系雜交組合外貌特征符合地方雞的外貌要求,二系雜交組合充分發(fā)揮了橫斑羽自別雌雄的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。二系組合中HL2的生產(chǎn)性能和蛋品質(zhì)均優(yōu)于HL1,三系組合中BHL2母雞的生產(chǎn)性能和蛋品質(zhì)優(yōu)于BHL1,而BHL2公雞的生產(chǎn)性能、屠宰和肉品質(zhì)均優(yōu)于BHL1。
[Abstract]:In this experiment , the production performance of two cross - spot - feather hybrid combinations was compared , and the breeding progress of the parents was analyzed .
The results were as follows : 1 . HS1 , HS2 , BHL1 , BHL2 , HL1 and HL2 were crossed to form BHL1 ( BH01 脳 LH ) and BHL2 ( BH01 脳 ( HS2 脳 LH ) . The second part consisted of four hybrid combinations HL1 , HL2 , BHL1 , BHL2 , HL1 and BHL2 .
HS1 , HS2 were moderate in size , and the growth rate was remarkable . After two generations of breeding , the number of egg - producing days were 100.7 , 101.4 , 1378.7 g and 1319.3 g respectively , which were the best choice for the first male parent .
The growth rate of BHO1 was fast . After four generations of breeding , the number of egg - producing days reached 168d , the number of egg - producing eggs increased to 91.8 , and the weight of 13 - week - old had reached 131.8 g . The results showed that the appearance of two - line hybrid combinations mainly consisted of three types : hemp - feather superficial shin ( HL1 , HL2 , group 0 . 8 % , 4.8 % ) , hemp - feather deep - shin ( HL1 , HL2 , group 63.9 % , 77.4 % ) , black - feather deep - shin ( HL1 , HL2 , respectively ) .
the accuracy rate of the reed self - incompatibility in the chicks of the orthogonal two - line hybrid combination is 100 % ;
The hatching rate of the two - line hybrid HL91 hatching eggs was 78.14 % , the survival rate of each stage was more than 93.8 % and the body weight of 13wk was 1429.5g better than that of HL2 ( P0.05 ) .
The only consumption of HL2 in ( ) -20wk and 21 - 43wk was 8.2 kg , 16.6kg was superior to HL1 ; the number of eggs produced by HL2 was 119.4 , and the laying performance of HL2 was better than that of HL1 ( P0.05 ) ;
HL2 egg quality was significantly higher than that of HL1 ( P0.05 ) , the carcass weight of HL2 was 1.85kg , and the thickness of HL2 was 0.96cm , which was significantly higher than that of HL1 ( P ( ) . 05 ) .
The hatchability of BHL1 was 82.4 % better than BHL2 , and the survival rate of BHL2 21 - 43wk was 98.18 % higher than that of BHL2 .
The muscle and stomach weight , muscle and stomach weight , abdominal fat weight and abdominal fat percentage of BHL2 hens were significantly higher than that of BHL1 hens ( P0.05 ) . There was no difference between the other slaughtering performance ;
The results showed that BHL1 and BHL2 had no significant difference ( P > 0.05 ) , the relative contents of BHL1 and BHL2 were significantly higher than that of BHL1 ( P0.05 ) .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S831

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