本文選題：定安鵝 + 產(chǎn)蛋��； 參考：《海南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：定安鵝是我國優(yōu)良地方遺傳資源。本項目通過對定安鵝繁殖周期規(guī)律的研究,以期揭示產(chǎn)蛋、就巢規(guī)律：通過采用(ELISA)試劑盒,對定安鵝繁殖周期主要生殖激素濃度的測定,研究其生殖激素分泌的變化規(guī)律,探討定安鵝產(chǎn)蛋和就巢規(guī)律；通過采用組織切片和掃描電鏡對繁殖期定安鵝卵巢微組織結(jié)構(gòu)變化進行觀察,探討產(chǎn)蛋、就巢卵巢上卵泡的發(fā)育規(guī)律和微組織學(xué)變化；通過肌注或口服外源性激素和冷應(yīng)激作用于就巢的定安鵝,并測定PRL、E、P、FSH、LH的濃度,觀測卵巢形態(tài)、顯微結(jié)構(gòu)的變化及繁殖性能變化,探討產(chǎn)蛋及就巢周期的變化,揭示定安鵝產(chǎn)蛋、就巢規(guī)律及其調(diào)控機理。綜上研究,為應(yīng)用激素免疫技術(shù)對就巢母鵝進行人工醒巢,提供可靠的科學(xué)依據(jù)。其主要研究結(jié)果如下： 1、定安鵝產(chǎn)蛋周期為上年9月至次年6月下旬,年平均產(chǎn)蛋量為35～40枚。就巢次數(shù)平均為4-5次,就巢平均總天數(shù)為112.5+16.5天,每次平均就巢天數(shù)為28.2±5.1天。 2、定安鵝產(chǎn)蛋適宜溫區(qū)為17℃～25℃,其中18℃左右最好；適宜平均日光照為1.1～4.3h,其中平均日光照1.1-2.1h最好。產(chǎn)蛋期就巢總天數(shù)與產(chǎn)蛋量呈顯著負相關(guān)(P0.05)；日光照與產(chǎn)蛋量呈極顯著負相關(guān)(P0.01)；平均溫度與產(chǎn)蛋量呈極顯著負相關(guān)(P0.01)。 3、開產(chǎn)期GnRH、FSH和LH反應(yīng)活躍,對卵巢卵泡發(fā)育起主導(dǎo)作用。產(chǎn)蛋期E2、P4和PRL分泌活性高,對產(chǎn)蛋起主導(dǎo)作用。就巢期PRL和P維持很高的分泌水平,協(xié)同維持就巢。 4、就巢期,卵泡閉鎖,卵泡停止發(fā)育,卵巢萎縮；開產(chǎn)期,成熟卵泡和次級卵泡突出卵巢表面,卵泡生長發(fā)育活躍,卵巢表現(xiàn)擴張；產(chǎn)蛋期,生長卵泡發(fā)育減緩,卵巢開始收縮,排卵后卵泡壁很快退化,無黃體生成。掃描電鏡可觀察到,定安鵝卵巢上皮細胞形態(tài)自就巢期、開產(chǎn)期和產(chǎn)蛋高峰期表現(xiàn)為由隆起漸趨平坦；上皮細胞層由不完整至完整；細胞間微絨毛由少漸多。 5、肌注或口服外源性激素后,激素通過下丘腦-垂體-性腺軸調(diào)控,使就巢母鵝卵巢激活,恢復(fù)產(chǎn)蛋；產(chǎn)蛋到一定量后,生殖激素達到一定閾值,致使卵巢萎縮,卵泡發(fā)育中斷或閉鎖,定安鵝又恢復(fù)就巢狀態(tài)。但,不同激素作用強度不同,醒巢時間各有差異。 6、就巢母鵝經(jīng)冷應(yīng)激后,定安鵝體內(nèi)的內(nèi)分泌平衡被打破,導(dǎo)致定安鵝繁殖活性緩慢恢復(fù),進入產(chǎn)蛋期。當生殖激素達到一定閾值后,母鵝停產(chǎn)就巢,從而導(dǎo)致卵巢萎縮,卵泡發(fā)育中斷或閉鎖,定安鵝又恢復(fù)就巢狀態(tài)。 7、丙酸睪丸酮、氯前列醇、甲磺酸溴隱亭及冷應(yīng)激均能對就巢母鵝醒巢,其醒巢效果優(yōu)劣順序為：肌注丙酸睪丸酮口服溴隱亭片肌注氯前列醇冷應(yīng)激。
[Abstract]:Dingan goose is an excellent local genetic resource in China. In this project, the breeding cycle of Dingan goose was studied in order to reveal the rule of laying eggs, and the rule of nest: through the determination of the concentration of the main reproductive hormones in the breeding cycle of Dingan goose, the change law of the secretion of reproductive hormone was studied by using EISA-kit. To explore the rule of laying eggs and nest in Dingan Goose, to observe the changes of ovarian microtissue structure in Dingan Goose during breeding period by using tissue section and scanning electron microscope, and to discuss the rules of follicle development and microhistologic changes on the nesting ovary of Dingan Goose. Dingan geese were treated by intramuscular injection or oral administration of exogenous sex hormones and cold stress, and the concentration of PRLE-EPS FSHH LH was measured. The changes of ovarian morphology, microstructure and reproductive performance were observed. The changes of egg laying and nest cycle were discussed, and the egg laying of Dingan goose was revealed. The rule of nest and its regulating mechanism are discussed. This study provides a reliable scientific basis for artificial awakening of nest goose by hormone immunological technique. The main results are as follows: 1. The egg laying cycle of Dingan goose is from September last year to late June of the following year. The average number of nests is 4-5, the average total number of nests is 112.5 16.5days, the average number of nests is 28.2 鹵5.1days. The optimum temperature range for laying eggs of Dingan geese is 17 鈩，

本文編號：2005057