發(fā)布時間：2018-05-15 16:41

  本文選題：水牛 + Cytb基因　； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：家養(yǎng)水牛是一種重要的家畜遺傳資源,根據(jù)染色體核型、表型、習性和生產(chǎn)性能將家養(yǎng)水牛分為江河型水牛(River buffalo,2n=50)和沼澤型水牛(Swamp buffalo,2n=48)兩大類。本研究通過分析老撾、泰國、印度、越南四個國家265頭水牛及從GenBank下載1288條水牛mtDNA Cytb基因全序列,探討水牛的遺傳多樣性與母系起源。本研究還對2個中國水牛品種(興隆水牛和江漢水牛各1個個體)進行全基因組測序,分析其基因組上的遺傳變異,為水牛遺傳多樣性研究和品種改良提供基因組水平的基礎資料。本研究主要獲得以下新的結果:(1)在老撾、泰國、印度、越南4個國家的水牛群體中,老撾水牛的遺傳多樣性最高,泰國水牛的遺傳多樣性最低;(2)水牛mt DNA Cytb基因存在AGA與AGG兩種終止密碼子,AGG只存在于沼澤型水牛B支系中,推測沼澤型水牛B支系很可能來源于野水牛;(3)發(fā)現(xiàn)15個Cytb基因SNPs可以將沼澤型水牛與江河型水牛區(qū)分開;(4)沼澤型水牛A支系經(jīng)歷過強烈的群體擴張,中國西南-東南亞交界地區(qū)可能是沼澤型水牛A支系的主要馴化地之一;(5)在大部分染色體,興隆水牛全基因組的Indels和SNPs數(shù)量均多于江漢水牛;(6)推測興隆水牛為沼澤型水牛,江漢水�？赡転榻有退９Ｅc沼澤型水牛的雜交后代。
[Abstract]:Domestic buffalo is an important domestic animal genetic resource. According to chromosome karyotype, phenotype, habit and productive performance, domestic buffalo is divided into river buffalo (River buffaloo) and swamp water buffalo (Swamp buffalon). In this study, the genetic diversity and maternal origin of 1288 buffaloes from four countries, Laos, Thailand, India and Vietnam, were analyzed and 1288 buffalo mtDNA Cytb genes were downloaded from GenBank. Two Chinese buffalo breeds (one individual from Xinglong Buffalo and one individual from Jianghan Buffalo) were sequenced and their genetic variation was analyzed. To provide basic information on genome level for the study of genetic diversity and variety improvement of buffalo. In this study, the following new results were obtained: (1) among the buffalo populations in Laos, Thailand, India and Vietnam, the genetic diversity of the Lao buffalo was the highest. The genetic diversity of Thai buffalo was the lowest. (2) the mt DNA Cytb gene of water buffalo had two stop codon, AGA and AGG, which only existed in the B branch of swamp buffalo. It is inferred that the B branch of the swamp buffalo probably originated from the wild buffalo, and found that 15 Cytb gene SNPs could distinguish the swamp type buffalo from the river type water buffalo (4) the swamp water buffalo A branch had experienced a strong population expansion. The border area between southwest China and Southeast Asia is probably one of the main domestication sites of branch A of swamp buffalo. In most chromosomes, Xinglong buffalo has more Indels and SNPs than Jianghan water buffalo, so it is assumed that Xinglong buffalo is a swamp water buffalo. Jianghan buffalo may be the cross progeny of river buffalo and swamp buffalo.
【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S823.83

【相似文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 張春梅;李瑞生;陳愛君;何誠;雷初朝;;德宏水牛mtDNA Cytb基因多態(tài)性研究[J];湖北農(nóng)業(yè)科學;2009年09期

，

本文編號：1893115