本文選題：奶牛　切入點(diǎn)：產(chǎn)后　出處：《微生物學(xué)通報(bào)》2017年03期

【摘要】：微生物入侵是引起奶牛產(chǎn)后子宮疾病的主要因素,產(chǎn)后子宮能檢出豐富的微生物種群,主要包括公認(rèn)的致病菌如大腸桿菌、隱秘膿桿菌、壞死梭桿菌等,機(jī)會(huì)病原菌如產(chǎn)氣莢膜梭菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、微球菌等和潛在致病菌如消化鏈球菌、金黃色葡萄球菌等。近年來,運(yùn)用分子微生態(tài)技術(shù)發(fā)現(xiàn)子宮中的微生物屬于變形菌門、梭桿菌門、厚壁菌門、擬桿菌門和軟壁菌門5個(gè)已知的門和一類未被培養(yǎng)的種群,其中擬桿菌屬、梭菌屬等種群與子宮疾病密切相關(guān)。細(xì)菌侵入子宮后,以大腸桿菌為代表的革蘭氏陰性菌和以化膿隱秘桿菌為代表的革蘭氏陽性菌可被子宮內(nèi)膜細(xì)胞上的Toll樣受體識(shí)別引起炎癥反應(yīng),改變子宮前列腺素分泌類型,影響卵泡發(fā)育、黃體大小,降低血清中雌激素和孕激素濃度,造成奶牛不發(fā)情、不排卵,導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)犢間隔延長、產(chǎn)奶量和產(chǎn)犢數(shù)量下降,嚴(yán)重影響奶業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。本文從產(chǎn)后奶牛子宮內(nèi)主要病原菌的種類及其與子宮健康狀態(tài)的關(guān)系、子宮內(nèi)膜對(duì)病原菌的識(shí)別與先天免疫、子宮疾病對(duì)子宮和卵巢功能的影響等方面對(duì)國內(nèi)外研究進(jìn)展進(jìn)行了綜述。
[Abstract]:Microbial invasion is the main cause of postpartum uterine diseases in dairy cows. The postpartum uterus can detect abundant microbial populations, including recognized pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, pseudomonas crypticus, Clostridium necrotizing, etc.Opportunistic pathogens such as Clostridium perfringens, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Micrococcus, and potential pathogens such as Streptococcus digestion, Staphylococcus aureus and so on.In recent years, molecular microecological techniques have been used to find that the microbes in the uterus belong to five known phylum, including Proteus, Clostridium, Clostridium, Bacteroides and Softwormophyta, and a class of uncultured populations, including Bacteroides.Clostridium species are closely related to uterine diseases.After bacteria invaded the uterus, Gram-negative bacteria represented by Escherichia coli and Gram-positive bacteria represented by Mycobacterium pyogenes could be recognized by Toll like receptors on endometrial cells to induce inflammation and change the type of prostaglandin secretion.Affecting follicle development, luteal body size, reducing the concentration of estrogen and progesterone in serum, causing no estrus and ovulation in dairy cows, prolonging the interval of calving, decreasing milk production and calving quantity, seriously affecting the economic benefit of dairy industry.In this paper, the main pathogenic bacteria in the uterus of postpartum cows and their relationship with the state of uterine health, the identification of pathogenic bacteria and innate immunity of endometrium were studied.The effects of uterine diseases on uterus and ovarian function were reviewed.
【作者單位】： 南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)消化道微生物實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(No.2011BAD19B02)~~
【分類號(hào)】：S858.23
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本文編號(hào)：1714796