本文選題：腺胃　切入點(diǎn)：腺胃炎　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：雞腺胃炎（proventriculitis）主要表現(xiàn)為生長(zhǎng)緩慢，均勻度差，飼料利用率下降，病雞腺胃明顯腫脹，腺胃粘膜糜爛。有關(guān)腺胃炎的報(bào)道較多，但觀點(diǎn)不一，有的認(rèn)為是病毒所致，有的則認(rèn)為是非傳染性因素引起。本研究著重從非病原性因素入手，研究不同營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平、不同料型和不同粉碎粒度的飼料對(duì)腺胃發(fā)育的影響及其與腺胃炎的關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步探討飼喂的飼料營(yíng)養(yǎng)、加工等因素對(duì)腺胃發(fā)育的影響，探究引發(fā)腺胃炎的主要因素，為從營(yíng)養(yǎng)和飼養(yǎng)管理防治此病提供實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。本研究主要內(nèi)容如下： 試驗(yàn)一：旨在探討飼料料型、營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平對(duì)快大型白羽肉雞腺胃發(fā)育的影響及其與腺胃炎發(fā)生的聯(lián)系。選用體重45g左右的羅斯308肉仔雞公雛960只，隨機(jī)分為4組，每組設(shè)8個(gè)重復(fù)，每個(gè)重復(fù)30只雞，4組肉雞分別飼喂正常營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平顆粒料、正常營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平粉料、低營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平粉料、低營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平顆粒料飼糧。預(yù)試期14d，正式期21d。結(jié)果表明，營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平對(duì)腺胃發(fā)育無(wú)顯著影響（P0.05），料型對(duì)腺胃發(fā)育有顯著的影響（P0.05）；顆粒料能明顯的提高日增重，但可導(dǎo)致腺胃發(fā)育異常，引發(fā)炎性反應(yīng)；喂食粉料的肉雞平均日增重顯著低于顆粒料（P0.05），腺胃發(fā)育正常，腺胃炎性浸潤(rùn)明顯低于顆粒料；對(duì)各組試驗(yàn)雞進(jìn)行腺胃?jìng)魅拘灾夤苎撞《緳z測(cè)，未檢測(cè)到雞傳染性支氣管炎病毒；對(duì)各組腺胃進(jìn)行病理學(xué)觀察，發(fā)現(xiàn)喂食粉料組腺胃發(fā)育正常，而飼喂顆粒料肉雞腺胃炎性浸潤(rùn)，腺胃乳頭結(jié)構(gòu)異常。 試驗(yàn)二：研究飼料料型和粉碎粒度對(duì)快大型白羽肉雞腺胃發(fā)育的影響及其與腺胃炎發(fā)生的聯(lián)系。選用體重40g左右的羅斯308肉仔雞公雛1080只，隨機(jī)分為6組，每組設(shè)6個(gè)重復(fù)，每個(gè)重復(fù)30只雞。試驗(yàn)采用2×3雙因素試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)，料型分為顆粒料和粉料，飼料原料分別采用2mm、5mm、8mm篩片進(jìn)行粉碎。試驗(yàn)分為三個(gè)階段，第一階段為21d，第二階段為11d，第三階段為8d。結(jié)果表明，飼喂粗粉碎粒度日糧可顯著提高第一階段末重、日耗料、日增重和第二階段料重比，顯著降低腺胃和峽部剖開(kāi)前、后的寬度（P0.05），增加腺胃肌層厚度、乳頭結(jié)構(gòu)完整性和絨毛長(zhǎng)度，降低粘膜肌層炎性浸潤(rùn)和腺胃腫脹、松弛程度；飼喂粉料可顯著提高肌胃重、肌胃指數(shù)，顯著降低腺胃/肌胃比率（P0.05）；飼喂顆粒料能夠顯著增加前兩個(gè)階段和全期的日增重、日耗料和腺胃與峽部剖開(kāi)前、后的寬度（P0.05），降低了肌胃的體積和第一階段的料重比（P0.05）；隨著粉碎粒度的增加，腺胃松弛和腫脹程度減輕，寬度減小，胃壁厚度增加，，粘膜上皮細(xì)胞排列逐漸規(guī)則，炎性浸潤(rùn)降低，乳頭結(jié)構(gòu)趨于正常，肌胃體積增大，胃壁增厚，而對(duì)腺胃重、腺胃/肌胃比、肌胃指數(shù)、腺胃指數(shù)無(wú)顯著影響（P0.05），有提高肌胃重的趨勢(shì)（P=0.090.05）。粉碎粒度和料型對(duì)各階段末重和日耗料及第一階段和全期日增重有顯著交互作（P0.05），對(duì)肌胃重、腺胃重、腺胃/肌胃、肌胃指數(shù)、腺胃指數(shù)以及腺胃和峽部剖開(kāi)前、后寬度無(wú)明顯的交互作用（P0.05）。通過(guò)病毒檢測(cè)，在各組腺胃中并未檢測(cè)到雞傳染性支氣管炎病毒。 綜上所述，1）營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平對(duì)腺胃發(fā)育無(wú)明顯的影響；2）飼喂粉料或增加粉碎粒度有助于腺胃的正常生理結(jié)構(gòu)的維持和發(fā)育；而喂食顆粒料或粉碎粒度過(guò)細(xì)則可導(dǎo)致腺胃炎的發(fā)生，使腺胃松弛、壁薄，乳頭扁平并有炎性浸潤(rùn)；由此可見(jiàn)，飼料的粉碎粒度和料型與腺胃炎的發(fā)生有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Chicken gland gastritis (proventriculitis) showed slow growth, poor uniformity, feed utilization rate decreased, chicken proventriculus swelling, glandular stomach mucosa erosion. The gland gastritis reported more, but different point of view, some think it is caused by a virus, some are considered non infectious factors. This study mainly from non pathogenic factors, the effects of different nutritional level, different feed type and feed granularity effect on development and its relationship with gastric gland gland gastritis, to further explore the nutritional feeding, processing and other factors impact on the development of the main factors causing gastric gland, gland gastritis, and provide the experimental on the basis of nutrition and feeding and management of the prevention and control of this disease. The main contents of this study are as follows:
A test: To investigate the effect of feed type, the influence of nutrition level on fast development of large white feather chicken glandular stomach and gland gastritis occurred. Selection of the body weight of 45g broiler chicken and Ross 308 young 960 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 8 replicates, each replicate 30 chickens, 4 groups of broilers they were fed with normal nutrition granules, normal nutrition powder, low nutrition powder, low nutrition level diets. The pre phase particles of 14d 21d., official results showed that nutrient levels on growth of glandular stomach had no significant effect (P0.05), the material type has a significant effect on the growth of gastric gland (P0.05); particles can significantly improve the daily gain, but can lead to dysplasia of glandular stomach, causing inflammatory reaction; broiler feeding powder average daily gain was significantly lower than that of particles (P0.05), the normal development of the glandular stomach, gland gastritis infiltration was significantly lower than that of particles; of gland in chickens The detection of infectious bronchitis virus did not detect avian infectious bronchitis virus. Pathological observation of the glands and stomach in each group revealed that the gland and stomach developed normally in the feeding group, while that in the feeding group was abnormal.
Experiment two: Study of feed type and particle size on the influence of fast development of large white feather broiler proventriculus and gland gastritis linked. Selection of the body weight of 40g Ross 308 broiler chicks 1080 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, with 6 replicates per group and 30 hens in each replicate with 2 x 3. The double factor test design to test material, divided into pellet and powder feed, respectively 2mm, 5mm, 8mm sieve was crushed. The test is divided into three stages, the first stage 21d, second stage 11d, third stage 8D. results show that the coarse particle size fed diets significantly to improve the end of the first stage, material consumption, daily gain and feed weight ratio of second, significantly reduce the stomach and cut open after isthmus, width (P0.05), increased glandular stomach muscle thickness, papilla structure integrity and villus length, reduce the muscularis mucosa inflammatory infiltration and glandular stomach swelling, relaxation the degree of powder feeding; 鏂欏彲鏄捐憲鎻愰珮鑲岃儍閲

本文編號(hào)：1692741