發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-24 20:04

  本文選題：豬　切入點(diǎn)：MC4R基因　出處：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著分子生物學(xué)和現(xiàn)代生物技術(shù)的發(fā)展,分子標(biāo)記輔助選擇已廣泛應(yīng)用于動(dòng)物育種中,新一代分子標(biāo)記SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism,單核苷酸多態(tài)性)的出現(xiàn)使得從DNA水平上對(duì)豬的相關(guān)性狀進(jìn)行選擇成為可能,加快了種豬育種進(jìn)程。本研究以美系大白豬和法系大白豬群體為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料,采用PCR-RFLP技術(shù)對(duì)MC4R(melanocortin-4 receptor,黑素皮質(zhì)素受體4)、IGF2(insulin-like growth factor 2,胰島素樣生長因子2)和VRTN(vertebrae development homolog,椎體發(fā)育同源物)三個(gè)功能基因進(jìn)行了SNP多態(tài)性檢測(cè)及生產(chǎn)性狀關(guān)聯(lián)分析,得到以下結(jié)果:(1)MC4R基因是與脂肪沉積調(diào)控有關(guān)的功能基因。本研究關(guān)聯(lián)分析結(jié)果表明,在美系和法系大白豬中,MC4R基因Asp298Asn位點(diǎn)(A/G突變)多態(tài)性與背膘厚、達(dá)100 kg體重日齡等性狀存在極顯著關(guān)聯(lián)(P0.01);攜帶G等位基因的個(gè)體具有更低的背膘厚度和更快的生長速度,為優(yōu)勢(shì)等位基因,并且MC4R基因加性效應(yīng)達(dá)到極其著水平(P0.01)。(2)IGF2基因是與細(xì)胞、胚胎生長和組織分化相關(guān)的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的生長因子,本研究關(guān)聯(lián)分析結(jié)果表明,IGF2基因Intron3中G3072A位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與背膘厚、初生重、達(dá)100 kg體重日齡和眼肌面積之間存在極顯著關(guān)聯(lián)(P0.01),A等位基因?yàn)閮?yōu)勢(shì)等位基因,對(duì)降低背膘厚、增加初生重、增加眼肌面積和提高生長速度有顯著影響,并且IGF2基因加性效應(yīng)均達(dá)極顯著水平(P0.01)。(3)VRTN基因是影響豬的脊椎數(shù)發(fā)育的功能基因,本研究關(guān)聯(lián)分析結(jié)果表明,VRTN g.20311_20312ins291位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與左乳頭數(shù)、總?cè)轭^數(shù)等性狀存在顯著關(guān)聯(lián)(P0.05),與體長和達(dá)100 kg體重日齡存在極顯著相關(guān)(P0.01),該等位基因是增加體長、增加乳頭數(shù)和提高生長速度的有利等位基因;在總?cè)轭^數(shù)性狀上,VRTN基因加性效應(yīng)均達(dá)顯著水平(P0.05),在體長和達(dá)100 kg體重日齡性狀上,VRTN基因加性效應(yīng)達(dá)到極顯著水平(P0.01)。本研究通過驗(yàn)證了MC4R、IGF2和VRTN基因內(nèi)的SNP位點(diǎn)與豬生產(chǎn)性狀之間的關(guān)系,為大白豬重要經(jīng)濟(jì)性狀的分子標(biāo)記輔助選擇提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the development of molecular biology and modern biotechnology, molecular marker-assisted selection has been widely used in animal breeding. The emergence of a new generation of molecular marker SNP(single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) made it possible to select the associated traits of pigs at the DNA level, thus speeding up the breeding process of pigs. PCR-RFLP technique was used to detect the SNP polymorphism of MC4R(melanocortin-4 receptor, IGF2insulin-like growth factor 2 (insulin-like growth factor 2) and VRTN(vertebrae development homologue (homologue of vertebral body). The following results were obtained: the MC4R gene is a functional gene related to the regulation of fat deposition. The results of association analysis showed that the polymorphism of MC4R gene Asp298Asn locus and backfat thickness were found in American and legal white pigs. There was a significant correlation between the traits of 100 kg BW / d and other traits, and the individuals with G allele had lower backfat thickness and faster growth rate, so they were the dominant alleles. Moreover, the additive effect of MC4R gene reached an extremely high level. The gene P0.01P0.01. Gf2 was a key growth factor related to cell, embryonic growth and tissue differentiation. The results of association analysis showed that the G3072A locus polymorphism and backfat thickness, primary weight in Intron3 of the IGF2 gene were related to the growth of cells, embryo growth and tissue differentiation, and the results of association analysis showed that the G3072A locus polymorphism was associated with backfat thickness. There was a very significant correlation between 100 kg BW / d age and eye muscle area. The P0.01A allele was the dominant allele, which had a significant effect on reducing backfat thickness, increasing birth weight, increasing eye muscle area and increasing growth rate. In addition, the additive effect of IGF2 gene was very significant. P0.01N. 3VRTN gene was a functional gene affecting the development of pig spinal cord. The results of association analysis showed that the polymorphism of VRTN g.20311_20312ins291 locus and the number of left nipples were related to the number of left nipples. There was a significant correlation between total nipple number and body length and 100 kg body weight. The allele was a favorable allele to increase body length, nipple number and growth rate. The additive effect of VRTN gene on total nipple number was significant (P0.05), and on body length and 100kg BW / day traits, the additive effect of VRTN gene reached very significant level (P0.01). In this study, the SNP loci in MC4RRIGF2 and VRTN genes were verified. The relationship between pig production traits, It provides a theoretical basis for molecular marker-assisted selection of important economic traits in large white pigs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S828

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本文編號(hào)：1659822