本文選題：淀粉　切入點(diǎn)：生長育肥豬　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為研究不同來源淀粉類型對生長肥育豬生產(chǎn)性能的影響及相關(guān)作用機(jī)理,本研究分不同來源淀粉(玉米淀粉、糯米淀粉、土豆淀粉)對生長肥育豬生長性能、養(yǎng)分消化率以及血液生化指標(biāo)3個(gè)層次進(jìn)行了研究:1.不同來源淀粉對育肥豬生長性能的影響選擇15頭體重為24.49±1.34 kg健康PIC去勢公豬,按單因子試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)隨機(jī)分為3個(gè)處理組,每處理5頭,單籠飼養(yǎng),分25~50 kg、50~75 kg、75~100 kg三個(gè)體重階段進(jìn)行飼喂。三個(gè)處理組分別為玉米淀粉組(對照組)、糯米淀粉組(快速降解淀粉組)和抗性淀粉組(50%土豆淀粉代替對照組中50%的玉米淀粉)。結(jié)果顯示:25~50 kg階段,玉米淀粉組日增重和料重比顯著優(yōu)于抗性淀粉組(P0.05);50~75 kg階段,糯米淀粉組料重比顯著高于玉米淀粉組和抗性淀粉組(P0.05);75~100 kg階段,抗性淀粉組日采食量顯著高于玉米淀粉組和糯米淀粉組(P0.05)。PIC育肥豬前期,以玉米淀粉作為飼料的主要能量來源能提高其生長性能。2.不同來源淀粉對育肥豬養(yǎng)分消化率的影響試驗(yàn)測定了25~50 kg、50~75 kg、75~100 kg三個(gè)體重階段豬糞便中營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)表觀消化率,結(jié)果顯示:25~50 kg階段,糯米淀粉組Ca消化率顯著高于玉米淀粉組(P0.05),而抗性淀粉組Ca的消化率極顯著高于玉米淀粉組(P0.01)。糯米淀粉組和抗性淀粉組P消化率均顯著高于玉米淀粉組(P0.05)。50~75 kg階段,糯米淀粉組和抗性淀粉組干物質(zhì)和能量利用率均顯著高于玉米淀粉組(P0.05)�？剐缘矸劢M粗蛋白消化率顯著高于玉米淀粉組(P0.05),糯米淀粉組和抗性淀粉組Ca的消化率均極顯著高于玉米淀粉組(P0.01)�？剐缘矸劢MP消化率顯著高于玉米淀粉組(P0.05),糯米淀粉組P消化率極顯著高于玉米淀粉組(P0.01)。在75~100 kg階段,玉米淀粉組Ca和P的消化率均極顯著高于糯米淀粉組(P0.01)。3.不同來源淀粉對育肥豬血液生化指標(biāo)的影響試驗(yàn)測定了育肥豬血液生化指標(biāo),結(jié)果顯示:三個(gè)處理組血糖和胰島素水平均無顯著差異(P0.05),糯米淀粉組膽固醇水平顯著高于玉米淀粉組和抗性淀粉組(P0.05),抗性淀粉組甘油三酯水平顯著低于玉米淀粉組和糯米淀粉組(P0.05)。綜上結(jié)果表明:玉米淀粉作為飼料的主要能量來源能增加育肥豬生長前期的日增重,降低料重比,提高其生長性能。日糧中添加糯米淀粉和土豆淀粉均能夠增加育肥豬對Ca和總P的利用率,對育肥豬骨骼的發(fā)育有著重要的意義。在育肥豬50~75 kg體重段,糯米淀粉和土豆淀粉均能夠顯著增加各營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的消化率。糯米淀粉和土豆淀粉能夠調(diào)節(jié)PIC豬血液中脂類物質(zhì)的水平。兩種淀粉都能不同程度的調(diào)節(jié)體內(nèi)脂肪代謝。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of different starch types on the performance of growing and finishing pigs and their related mechanisms, this study was divided into three groups: corn starch, glutinous rice starch and potato starch. The effects of different starch sources on growth performance of fattening pigs were studied. Fifteen healthy PIC ovariectomized boars with a body weight of 24.49 鹵1.34 kg were randomly divided into three treatment groups according to the single factor design. For each treatment, 5 heads were raised in a single cage. The corn starch group (control group), glutinous rice starch group (fast degradable starch group) and resistant starch group (50% potato starch group) were fed in three body weight stages. The result shows that at 25: 25kg / kg, The daily gain and feed weight ratio of the corn starch group was significantly higher than that of the resistant starch group at 5075kg, and the waxy rice starch group was significantly higher than the corn starch group and the resistant starch group. The daily feed intake of resistant starch group was significantly higher than that of corn starch group and glutinous rice starch group (P0.05N. PIC). The effect of starch from different sources on nutrient digestibility of fattening pigs was studied. The apparent digestibility of nutrients in pig feces at three body weight stages of 25 ~ (50) kg ~ (50) ~ (50) ~ (75) kg ~ (75) ~ (75) ~ (100) kg was determined. The results show that at the stage of 50 kg, The digestibility of Ca in glutinous rice starch group was significantly higher than that in corn starch group, while the Ca digestibility in resistant starch group was significantly higher than that in corn starch group. The P digestibility of glutinous rice starch group and resistant starch group was significantly higher than that of corn starch group at P 0.05 路50 ~ (75) kg. The dry matter and energy utilization efficiency of glutinous rice starch group and resistant starch group were significantly higher than that of corn starch group, the digestibility of crude protein in resistant starch group was significantly higher than that in corn starch group, and the Ca digestibility of glutinous rice starch group and resistant starch group was very high. The P digestibility of resistant starch group was significantly higher than that of maize starch group, and the P digestibility of glutinous rice starch group was significantly higher than that of corn starch group. The digestibility of Ca and P in corn starch group was significantly higher than that in glutinous rice starch group. The results showed that there was no significant difference in blood glucose and insulin levels among the three treatment groups, but the cholesterol level in glutinous rice starch group was significantly higher than that in corn starch group and resistant starch group, and the triglyceride level in resistant starch group was significantly lower than that in corn starch group. The results showed that corn starch, as the main energy source of feed, could increase the daily gain in the early stage of growth of fattening pigs. Adding glutinous rice starch and potato starch to the diet can increase the utilization ratio of Ca and total P in fattening pigs, and play an important role in skeletal development of fattening pigs. Glutinous rice starch and potato starch can significantly increase the digestibility of various nutrients. Glutinous rice starch and potato starch can regulate the level of lipid in blood of PIC pigs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S828.5

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