本文關(guān)鍵詞： 淀粉 生長(zhǎng)育肥豬 小腸 食糜 消化率　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為研究飼糧中直鏈淀粉和支鏈淀粉的組成對(duì)生長(zhǎng)育肥豬小腸不同腸段養(yǎng)分消化率的影響,本試驗(yàn)選取了15頭體重為75.59±1.19 kg的PIC去勢(shì)公豬,單欄飼養(yǎng),隨機(jī)分配到3個(gè)處理組,每個(gè)處理5個(gè)重復(fù)。3個(gè)處理組分別為:玉米淀粉組(100%玉米)、土豆淀粉組(50%玉米和50%土豆)和糯米淀粉組(100%糯米)。在體重為100.20±4.29kg時(shí)結(jié)束飼養(yǎng)試驗(yàn),屠宰并收集小腸空腸前段、空腸后段、回腸前段和回腸后段的食糜,測(cè)定淀粉、干物質(zhì)、粗蛋白、鈣和總磷的消化率,同時(shí)測(cè)定不同腸段的食糜黏度和pH。研究結(jié)果表明:1.玉米淀粉、土豆淀粉和糯米淀粉的直鏈淀粉含量分別是28.42%、20.34%和0.2%,直鏈淀粉和支鏈淀粉的比例分別是0.40、0.26和0.02。2.淀粉消化率在空腸前段、空腸后段、回腸前段和回腸后段,糯米淀粉組的分別為97.92%、98.63%、98.66%和98.66%;玉米淀粉組的分別為99.12%、99.39%、99.44%和99.54%;土豆淀粉組的分別為99.27%、99.58%、99.33%和99.36%。糯米淀粉組顯著小于其他兩個(gè)處理組(P0.05)。3.營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)在小腸不同腸段內(nèi)的消化隨淀粉來(lái)源的不同而存在差異。(1)干物質(zhì)消化率在空腸前段、空腸后段、回腸前段和回腸后段,糯米淀粉組的分別為72.97%、82.12%、83.01%和84.27%,均小于玉米淀粉組與土豆淀粉組,且差異顯著(P0.05);玉米淀粉組和土豆淀粉組在空腸后段、回腸前段和回腸后段差異不顯著(P0.05)。(2)粗蛋白消化率在空腸前段、回腸前段和回腸后段,玉米淀粉組最大,分別為84.83%、85.13%和90.48%;在空腸前段、空腸后段和回腸后段,糯米淀粉組最小,分別為50.80%、81.58%和84.32%,與前兩個(gè)處理組相比差異顯著(P0.05)。(3)鈣消化率在空腸前段、空腸后段、回腸前段和回腸后段,糯米淀粉組的分別為56.57%、57.16%、59.85%和59.54%,均小于玉米淀粉組和土豆淀粉組,且在空腸后段、回腸前段和回腸后段與玉米淀粉組存在顯著差異(P0.05);土豆淀粉組在空腸前段、空腸后段和回腸前段均小于玉米淀粉組,但差異不顯著(P0.05)。(4)總磷消化率在空腸前段、空腸后段、回腸前段和回腸后段,玉米淀粉組最大,分別為66.14%、67.10%、69.20%和71.23%;糯米淀粉組最小,分別為54.06%、59.08%、65.37%和67.96%,糯米淀粉組與玉米淀粉組和土豆淀粉組相比差異顯著(P0.05)。4.腸道pH,糯米淀粉組最高,土豆淀粉組次之,玉米淀粉組最低,三組之間差異不顯著(P0.05)。食糜黏度糯米淀粉組顯著大于其他兩個(gè)處理組(P0.05)。綜上所述,不同來(lái)源淀粉具有不同的結(jié)構(gòu),不同的結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)致育肥豬的養(yǎng)分消化率不同。糯米淀粉由98%的支鏈淀粉構(gòu)成,其在小腸不同腸段的養(yǎng)分消化率與玉米淀粉組和土豆淀粉組相比顯著下降,食糜黏度顯著上升。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of amylose and amylopectin composition on nutrient digestibility of different intestinal segments in growing and fattening pigs. Fifteen PIC ovariectomized boars with body weight of 75.59 鹵1.19 kg were selected in this experiment and were randomly assigned to three treatment groups. The three treatments were corn starch group (100% maize). Potato starch group (50% corn and 50% potatoes) and glutinous rice starch group (100% glutinous rice). When the weight was 100.20 鹵4.29 kg, the feeding experiment was finished, the intestinal jejunum was slaughtered and the anterior segment of jejunum was collected. The digestibility of starch, dry matter, crude protein, calcium and total phosphorus in the posterior jejunum, anterior ileum and posterior ileum were determined. The results showed that the amylose contents of corn starch, potato starch and glutinous rice starch were 28.42% and 0.2% respectively. The ratio of amylose to amylopectin was 0.400.26 and 0.02.2.The starch digestibility was in the anterior segment of jejunum, the posterior segment of jejunum, the anterior segment of ileum and the posterior part of ileum. The glutinous rice starch group was 97.92% and 98.63%, 98.66% and 98.66%, respectively. The corn starch group was 99.1299. 39% and 99. 54%, respectively. The percentage of potato starch group was 99.27% and 99.58% respectively. 99.33% and 99.36.The glutinous rice starch group was significantly smaller than the other two treatment groups (P 0.05. 3) the digestibility of nutrients in different intestinal segments of the small intestine varied with the source of starch. 1) the dry matter digestibility was in the anterior segment of jejunum. In the posterior segment of jejunum, the anterior part of ileum and the posterior part of ileum, the glutinous rice starch group was 72.97% and 82.12%, 83.01% and 84.27%, respectively, which were smaller than those in corn starch group and potato starch group. The difference was significant (P 0.05). The crude protein digestibility of corn starch group and potato starch group in the posterior jejunum, anterior ileum and posterior ileum were not significantly different (P0.05. 0. 0. 2) the digestibility of crude protein was in the anterior segment of jejunum, the anterior part of ileum and the posterior part of ileum. The corn starch group was the largest, 84.83% and 90.48%, respectively. In the anterior segment of jejunum, the posterior segment of jejunum and the posterior part of ileum, glutinous rice starch group was the smallest, which was 81.58% and 84.32%, respectively. The calcium digestibility in the anterior segment of jejunum, the posterior segment of jejunum, the anterior segment of ileum and the posterior part of ileum were 56.57% in glutinous rice starch group. 57.16% 59.85% and 59.54% were smaller than corn starch group and potato starch group, and they were in the back of jejunum. There was significant difference between the anterior and posterior ileum and corn starch group (P 0.05). The total phosphorus digestibility of potato starch group in anterior jejunum, posterior jejunum and anterior ileum was lower than that in corn starch group, but there was no significant difference in total phosphorus digestibility in anterior jejunum and posterior jejunum. In the anterior and posterior ileum, the corn starch group was the largest, 66.14% and 71.23%, 67.10% and 71.23%, respectively. The glutinous rice starch group was the smallest, 54.06% and 67.96%, respectively. Glutinous rice starch group compared with corn starch group and potato starch group significantly different P0.05N. 4. Intestinal pH, glutinous rice starch group was the highest, potato starch group was the second, corn starch group was the lowest. There was no significant difference among the three groups. The viscosity of glutinous rice starch group was significantly higher than that of the other two treatment groups. In conclusion, different sources of starch had different structures. Different structures led to different nutrient digestibility of fattening pigs. Glutinous rice starch was composed of 98% amylopectin. The nutrient digestibility of glutinous rice starch in different intestinal segments of small intestine was significantly lower than that of corn starch group and potato starch group. The viscosity of chyme increased significantly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S828.5

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本文編號(hào)：1447511