【摘要】： 平原人進入高原后勞動能力降低,這是對高原低氧環(huán)境習服不良在整體水平的表現(xiàn),積極尋找促進高原習服的措施是當前高原醫(yī)學與生物學研究的前沿和熱點。在平原進行體力鍛煉有助于機體對高原缺氧的適應[1],實踐表明在高原進行適當?shù)倪\動訓練更有利于促進高原的習服[2]。我們近年的研究表明,在高原低氧環(huán)境中進行適當?shù)倪\動鍛煉促進機體對高原低氧環(huán)境的習服的機制與缺氧復合運動促進組織毛細血管增生、改善心功能和組織細胞對氧的利用等因素有關[3]。以往在這方面的研究大多是從整體和器官水平上對結構和功能進行觀察,而對結構和功能改變的生化和分子生物學基礎國內外則報道甚少。高原環(huán)境對人的影響的主要因素是缺氧,能量產生和能量利用平衡是進入高原后機體習服與否的關鍵。因此,我們系統(tǒng)的觀察了缺氧復合運動對組織能量代謝的影響,以進一步了解缺氧復合運動促進高原低氧習服的機制。本課題以大鼠在低壓艙內游泳訓練模擬缺氧復合運動作為動物模型,以能量代謝為中心,運用了生化技術、SDS-PAGE、同位素摻入、western blot技術等多種實驗手段,觀察了大鼠心肌和骨骼肌肌球蛋白重鏈異構體組成、葡萄糖有氧和無氧代謝的關鍵酶、能量監(jiān)控器AMPK酶活性、線粒體功能等的變化。探討缺氧習服過程中,適當?shù)倪\動鍛煉促進高原習服,改善機體勞動能力的分子生物學適應機制。為尋求更有效的促習服措施奠定理論基礎。主要結果和結論如下: 1.慢性缺氧大鼠血球壓積顯著增加,右心室肥大;缺氧復合運動后大鼠血球壓積與缺氧組比較明顯降低,右室指數(shù)和右室與左室比值無顯著差異;結果表明在高原適當運動可降低紅細胞壓積,有利于改善微循環(huán)狀態(tài)從而減輕心臟負荷。 2.運動訓練大鼠心室肌MHCα異構體比例顯著增加;與平原對照和缺氧組比較,缺氧復合運動后MHCα異構體比例顯著增加。結果表明運動運動訓練可使心肌肌球蛋白異構體組成改變,ATP酶活性高的MHCα異構體比例顯著增加,這可能是缺氧條件下適當運動心功能增強的機制之一。 3.慢性缺氧比目魚肌Ⅰ型MHC顯著增加,Ⅱa型MHC顯著降低。單純運動和缺氧復合運動組與缺氧組變化趨勢相同。結果表明慢性缺氧和運動訓練使比目魚肌MHC
[Abstract]:After the plain people enter the plateau, the ability to work is reduced, which is the expression of poor acclimatization of the high altitude and low-oxygen environment in the whole level, and the measures to promote the acclimatization of the plateau are the leading edge and the hot spot of the current high-altitude medicine and biology research. Physical exercise in the plain will help the body to adapt to the hypoxia of the plateau[1], and the practice shows that proper exercise training in the plateau is more conducive to the promotion of the acclimatization of the plateau[2]. In recent years, we have shown that proper exercise and exercise in the low-oxygen environment of the plateau promote the mechanism of the acclimatization of the body to the low-oxygen environment of the plateau and the hypoxia-complex exercise to promote the capillary hyperplasia of the tissue, improve the function of the heart function and the utilization of the cell to the oxygen, and so on[3]. In the past, most of the research in this area is the observation of the structure and function from the whole and the organ level, but the biochemical and molecular biological basis of the change of structure and function is very little. The main factor of the influence of the high altitude environment on people is that the balance of oxygen generation, energy generation and energy utilization is the key to the physical training of the body after entering the plateau. Therefore, we have observed the effect of the hypoxia-composite exercise on the energy metabolism of the tissue, so as to further understand the mechanism of the hypoxia-composite exercise to promote the low-oxygen exercise in the plateau. In this paper, the rat's heart and skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain isomers were observed by using a variety of experimental means such as biochemical technology, SDS-PAGE, isotope incorporation, western blot and so on. The key enzymes of the aerobic and anaerobic metabolism of glucose, the activity of AMPK in the energy monitor, the function of the mitochondria, etc. In order to improve the mechanism of molecular biology, the proper exercise of exercise can promote the acclimatization of the plateau and improve the working ability of the body in the course of the hypoxic acclimatization. To lay a theoretical foundation for the search for more effective training measures. The main results and conclusions are as follows: 1. There was a significant increase in the hematocrit and right ventricular hypertrophy in the rats with chronic hypoxia. There is no significant difference in left ventricular ratio. The results show that the proper movement of the plateau can lower the hematocrit, which is beneficial to the improvement of microcirculation. in ord to reduce that load of the heart.2. the proportion of the MHC class of the ventricular muscle in the exercise-trained rat was significantly increased; compared with the plain control and the oxygen-deficient group, the ratio of the MHC-isomer of the ventricular muscle of the rat The results show that the activity of the MHCs can be changed by the exercise training, and the ratio of the MHC to the high activity of the ATPase is obviously increased, which may be One of the mechanisms for proper exercise of cardiac function under the condition of hypoxia. The type of MHC class 鈪，

本文編號：2509840