【摘要】：目的 急性冠狀動脈綜合征和心臟缺血性猝死是嚴(yán)重威脅人類生命的重大疾病，其病理基礎(chǔ)為易損斑塊，其中蝕損斑塊是其重要分型之一。尸檢研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，蝕損斑塊合并血栓形成多見于猝死患者，約占冠脈血栓所致心臟性猝死的25％～44％，在中、青年及女性猝死者中更為多見，70％的蝕損斑塊并血栓形成發(fā)生于50歲以下猝死者，女性猝死病因?yàn)槲g損斑塊并血栓形成者高達(dá)37.4％～50％。目前，由于吸煙、肥胖、少運(yùn)動和工作壓力等原因，中、青年猝死率呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢，故對作為其重要病理機(jī)制之一的蝕損斑塊的研究具有十分重要的意義。迄今為止，，有關(guān)蝕損斑塊并血栓形成的研究尚少，主要為尸檢、動物實(shí)驗(yàn)和體外研究。因蝕損斑塊多見于猝死患者，故進(jìn)行臨床研究難度大。目前，蝕損斑塊的研究存在許多問題有待解決：(1)未形成成熟的動物模型，由于蝕損斑塊并血栓形成的臨床研究需要較特殊的設(shè)備，且沒有形成明確的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，故建立成熟的動物模型以便開展研究顯得尤為重要；(2)機(jī)制的研究，脂質(zhì)沉積學(xué)說、炎癥學(xué)說等在蝕損斑塊并血栓形成中占據(jù)何種地位，引起蝕損斑塊表面內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞剝脫的機(jī)制，蝕損斑塊表面血栓形成的原因等；(3)蝕損斑塊并血栓形成的臨床診斷，如何在急性冠狀動脈綜合征和心原性猝死患者中發(fā)現(xiàn)病理基礎(chǔ)為蝕損斑塊者，目前尚無公認(rèn)的影像學(xué)和分子生物學(xué)等方面的方法和金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；(4)正是由于存在著上述問題，如何有針對性的開展蝕損斑塊并血栓形成的預(yù)防和治療，目前罕見研究。 所以，本研究主要目的：建立動脈粥樣硬化蝕損斑塊并血栓形成的新西蘭兔模型，以便進(jìn)一步開展有關(guān)其機(jī)制、診斷方法和預(yù)防治療等方面研究。
[Abstract]:Aim Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) are serious diseases threatening human life. The pathological basis of these diseases is vulnerable plaque, among which erosive plaque is one of its important types. Postmortem studies found that plaque erosion with thrombosis was more common in patients with sudden death, accounting for about 25% of sudden cardiac death caused by coronary thrombosis, and was more common in young and female sudden deaths. 70% of the patients died of plaque erosion and thrombosis occurred under the age of 50. The incidence of female sudden death due to plaque erosion and thrombosis was as high as 37.4% and 50% respectively. At present, due to smoking, obesity, less exercise and work pressure, the sudden death rate of young people is increasing, so it is of great significance to study the erosive plaque, which is one of its important pathological mechanisms. So far, there have been few studies on plaque erosion and thrombosis, including autopsy, animal experiments and in vitro studies. It is difficult to carry out clinical research because the plaque is often seen in patients with sudden death. At present, there are many problems to be solved in the study of plaque erosion: (1) there is no mature animal model, because the clinical research of plaque erosion and thrombosis needs special equipment, and there is no definite diagnostic standard. Therefore, it is very important to establish mature animal models in order to carry out research. (2) the study of mechanism, the theory of lipid deposition and inflammation in the formation of plaque and thrombosis, the mechanism of denudation of endothelial cells on the surface of the plaque, the cause of thrombosis on the surface of the plaque, and so on. (3) the clinical diagnosis of plaque erosion and thrombosis, and how to find the pathological basis of lesion plaque in patients with acute coronary syndrome and sudden cardiac death. At present, there are no accepted methods and gold standards in imaging and molecular biology. (4) because of the above-mentioned problems, it is rare to study how to prevent and treat plaque erosion and thrombosis. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to establish a new Zealand rabbit model of atherosclerotic plaque and thrombosis in order to further study its mechanism, diagnosis, prevention and treatment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：R-332

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