【摘要】：自上世紀(jì)90年代以來,由于機(jī)體免疫功能受損患者日趨增多,侵襲性煙曲霉菌病的發(fā)病率呈逐年上升趨勢(shì),其發(fā)病甚至已經(jīng)超過了最常見的真菌感染—侵襲性念珠菌病,成為威脅免疫受損宿主生命的嚴(yán)重感染性疾病之一。目前侵襲性肺煙曲霉菌病早期診斷極為困難,病情進(jìn)展快,可選用的抗真菌制劑有限,治療成功率很低,患者病死率達(dá)40～65%。煙曲霉菌在免疫健全宿主及少量菌存在時(shí)一般不致病,僅在長期的粒細(xì)胞低下、血液系統(tǒng)惡性腫瘤、長期應(yīng)用糖皮質(zhì)激素、異基因骨髓移植或?qū)嶓w器官移植及AIDS等致機(jī)體免疫力減弱時(shí),大量煙曲菌的入侵才可能發(fā)病。宿主抵抗煙曲霉菌感染的免疫應(yīng)答包括先天免疫及獲得性免疫,中性粒細(xì)胞和巨噬細(xì)胞是機(jī)體抗煙曲霉菌感染的第一道防線,構(gòu)成抗曲霉菌的天然免疫;樹突狀細(xì)胞和T淋巴細(xì)胞等介導(dǎo)其獲得性免疫應(yīng)答過程。宿主的免疫系統(tǒng)決定了真菌感染疾病的發(fā)生發(fā)展及預(yù)后。近年研究發(fā)現(xiàn),Toll樣受體(toll-like receptor, TLR)信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)途徑在機(jī)體抗真菌先天及獲得
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, because of the increasing number of patients with impaired immune function, the incidence of invasive tobacco aspergillosis has increased year by year. The incidence of invasive aspergillosis has even exceeded the most common fungal infection, invasive candidiasis. It has become one of the serious infectious diseases that threaten the life of immune impaired host. At present, the early diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is very difficult, the progress of the disease is fast, the antifungal agents available are limited, the success rate of treatment is very low, and the fatality rate of the patients is up to 40%. Aspergillus fumigatus generally does not cause disease when immune host and a small number of bacteria exist, only in long-term neutropenia, malignant tumor of the blood system, long-term use of glucocorticoid, When allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or solid organ transplantation and AIDS weaken immunity, the invasion of a large number of Aspergillus fumigatus may occur. The host immune response to Aspergillus fumigatus infection includes innate immunity and acquired immunity. Neutrophils and macrophages are the first line of defense against Aspergillus fumigatus infection and constitute the natural immunity against Aspergillus fumigatus. Dendritic cells and T lymphocytes mediate the process of acquired immune response. The host's immune system determines the occurrence, development and prognosis of fungal infections. Recently, it has been found that Toll-like receptor (toll-like receptor, TLR) signal transduction pathway is innate and acquired in organism anti-fungal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號(hào)】：R392

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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2 陳虹,鐘琦,薛峰,鄭捷;地塞米松對(duì)小鼠脾臟巨噬細(xì)胞內(nèi)TLR4和TLR2表達(dá)的影響[J];上海免疫學(xué)雜志;2003年02期

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本文編號(hào)：2463670