【摘要】：女性盆腔內(nèi)器官眾多,結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,其內(nèi)毗鄰的泌尿(膀胱、尿道)、生殖(子宮、陰道)和消化(直腸)三大系統(tǒng)間關(guān)系密切。對女性盆腔進(jìn)行薄層斷面解剖學(xué)和三維可視化研究,闡明女性盆腔內(nèi)解剖結(jié)構(gòu)的分布規(guī)律和空間位置關(guān)系,將有助于女性盆腔內(nèi)疾病的診斷與治療。本實驗采用數(shù)字化可視人體數(shù)據(jù)集獲取技術(shù)對正常女性盆腔進(jìn)行無鋸耗的低溫銑切,獲得連續(xù)盆腔解剖斷面圖像數(shù)據(jù)集,并觀察盆腔內(nèi)各個解剖結(jié)構(gòu)的斷面結(jié)構(gòu)與分布走行。圖像數(shù)據(jù)集經(jīng)Photoshop 7.0軟件精確對位、配準(zhǔn)、分割后,應(yīng)用3D—DOCTOR 3.5軟件及實驗室自主開發(fā)的三維重建軟件包(3D—Lancet)2.2-dev,在微機(jī)上采用面數(shù)據(jù)和體數(shù)據(jù)繪制重建法,分別對盆腔內(nèi)子宮、卵巢、輸尿管、膀胱、直腸以及髂內(nèi)外動、靜脈及其分支等結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行三維重建并立體顯示。運(yùn)用與香港中文大學(xué)合作開發(fā)的Virtual Reality 1.0可視化軟件,將女性盆腔連續(xù)斷面圖像進(jìn)行三維可視化并立體虛擬切割演示,觀察女性盆腔內(nèi)結(jié)構(gòu)在橫、冠、矢等多個切面和方位的斷面解剖結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)。主要研究結(jié)果如下: 1.采用數(shù)字化可視人體銑切技術(shù),獲取經(jīng)影像掃描的數(shù)字化可視人女性盆腔數(shù)據(jù)集4套(橫斷位數(shù)據(jù)集3套,矢狀位數(shù)據(jù)集1套),無鋸耗銑切精度最薄達(dá)到0.2mm,數(shù)字化攝影分辨率最高達(dá)1,100萬像素,所對應(yīng)的每個24bit斷面圖像文件大小為32.5MB,為.TIFF文件格式。 2.選擇其中一套正常女性盆腔連續(xù)薄層斷面圖像數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行圖像的精確配準(zhǔn)和格式轉(zhuǎn)換,將斷面圖像與相對應(yīng)的CT、MR圖像對照研究,完成女性盆腔斷面影像解剖結(jié)構(gòu)的對照觀察和數(shù)據(jù)測量。 3.運(yùn)用連續(xù)圖像分割軟件,分別對骨盆、子宮、卵巢、輸尿管、膀胱、直腸以及盆腔內(nèi)的髂內(nèi)外動靜、脈及其分支等結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)的分割與提取,并在PentiumⅣ計算機(jī)上完成女性盆腔內(nèi)主要解剖結(jié)構(gòu)的三維重建。 4.受Talairach腦圖譜空間思路的啟發(fā),以典型解剖結(jié)構(gòu)為標(biāo)志,選擇坐標(biāo)軸和坐標(biāo)面,建立盆腔可視化模型的三維坐標(biāo),為盆腔解剖數(shù)據(jù)的深入分析、女性盆腔解剖圖譜和影像圖像的配準(zhǔn)以及盆腔虛擬手術(shù)的導(dǎo)航等建立基本的框架。 5.建立女性盆腔可視化解剖模型,為數(shù)字化解剖學(xué)的開展提供可視化教學(xué)平臺,并
[Abstract]:The female pelvic organs are multitudinous and complex in structure. There is a close relationship between the urinary system (bladder, urethra), reproduction (uterus, vagina) and digestive system (rectum) adjacent to the female pelvic organs. It is helpful to diagnose and treat female pelvic diseases by studying the thin-section anatomy and three-dimensional visualization of female pelvis in order to clarify the distribution of female pelvic anatomical structure and the relationship between space and location. In this experiment, the digital visual human data set was used to milling the normal female pelvis at low temperature without sawing consumption. The continuous pelvic anatomical cross-section image data sets were obtained, and the cross-section structure and distribution of each anatomical structure in the pelvic cavity were observed. The image data set is accurately aligned, registered and segmented by the software Photoshop 7.0.After using 3D-DOCTOR 3.5 software and the 3-D reconstruction software package (3D-Lancet) developed by the laboratory, the software package (3D-Lancet) is 2.2, devv. Three-dimensional reconstruction and stereoscopic display of pelvic uterus, ovary, ureter, bladder, rectum, internal and external iliac artery, vein and its branches were performed by the reconstruction method of surface data and volume data on microcomputer. Using the visual software Virtual Reality 1.0developed in collaboration with the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the continuous section images of female pelvis were visualized and three-dimensional virtual cutting was performed to observe the structure of female pelvic cavity in transverse and crown. Features of cross-sectional anatomy of sagittal sections and orientations. The main findings are as follows: 1. Using digital visual human milling technology, 4 sets of digital visible human female pelvic data set (3 sets of cross-section data set and 1 set of sagittal data set) have been obtained by image scanning. The sagittal data set has a sagittal data set of 1 set, the sagittal data set is 1 set, and the sagittal data set is 1 set. The resolution of digital photography is up to 11 million pixels, and the size of each 24bit section image file is 32.5MB, which is .TIFF file format. 2. Select one set of normal female pelvic continuous thin section image data, carry on the accurate registration and format transformation of the image, and compare the cross-section image with the corresponding CT,MR image, and compare the cross-section image with the corresponding image of the female pelvis. To complete the contrast observation and data measurement of female pelvic cross-sectional anatomy. 3. The structure of pelvic, uterine, ovarian, ureter, bladder, rectum and pelvic internal and external iliac arteries, veins and branches were segmented and extracted by continuous image segmentation software. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the main anatomical structure of female pelvic cavity was performed on Pentium 鈪，

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