脊髓靜脈高壓動(dòng)物模型的構(gòu)建和評(píng)價(jià)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-23 14:02
【摘要】： 目的:構(gòu)建一種可靠性和重復(fù)性較高的脊髓靜脈高壓動(dòng)物模型。動(dòng)態(tài)觀察脊髓靜脈高壓模型的MRI變化規(guī)律,確定MRI異常信號(hào)演變過程及其特征。研究模型脊髓組織大體、細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)變化,了解脊髓組織形態(tài)學(xué)演變規(guī)律。 方法:新西蘭白兔總數(shù)22只,18只為模型組,4只對(duì)照組。模型制作方法如下:行左腎動(dòng)靜脈端側(cè)吻合術(shù),構(gòu)建動(dòng)靜脈瘺。結(jié)扎左腎動(dòng)靜脈的腎門端,在左右腎靜脈之間結(jié)扎下腔靜脈的近心端,在降結(jié)腸靜脈以近結(jié)扎下腔靜脈的遠(yuǎn)心端,使左腎動(dòng)脈中的血經(jīng)動(dòng)靜脈瘺進(jìn)入到下腔靜脈中,再經(jīng)腰靜脈逆流到椎旁靜脈叢中,造成脊柱脊髓周圍靜脈高壓環(huán)境,希望動(dòng)脈化的血返流入硬膜內(nèi)的髓周靜脈叢,造成脊髓靜脈高壓。對(duì)照組動(dòng)物不構(gòu)建動(dòng)靜脈瘺,其中2只按照模型制作的方法打開腹腔,暴露左腎動(dòng)靜脈,但不行動(dòng)靜脈吻合,待到正常構(gòu)建模型所需時(shí)間后重新關(guān)閉腹腔,了解動(dòng)物能否耐受本方法打擊;余下2只作為正常對(duì)照。模型術(shù)后分成三組,急性期組(3天內(nèi))、亞急性期組(3天—3周)、慢性期組(大于3周)。術(shù)后1天、3天、1周、2周及以后每周均評(píng)價(jià)模型的脊髓功能。從各組中隨機(jī)抽出2只模型了解瘺口通暢情況;再行脊髓MRI檢查,觀察MRI異常信號(hào)和信號(hào)部位及變化范圍;處死模型,取得全脊髓標(biāo)本肉眼觀察病理變化,光鏡下觀察脊髓神經(jīng)元細(xì)胞、毛細(xì)血管及髓鞘等改變。 結(jié)果:18只模型中,存活13只,死亡5只,對(duì)照組全部生存。經(jīng)DSA檢查證實(shí)動(dòng)靜脈瘺存在模型有3只,其中2只為急性期組,1只亞急性期組;閉塞3只,1只亞急性期組,2只慢性期組。術(shù)后模型后肢的運(yùn)動(dòng)、感覺功能均有所減退,不同時(shí)間段表現(xiàn)有差異。脊髓MRI上可見脊髓有增粗變化,T2WI可見髓內(nèi)有高信號(hào)水腫樣改變,以胸腰段脊髓最明顯,不同時(shí)間段脊髓損傷的范圍存在差別。脊髓肉眼觀察可見脊髓腫脹,光鏡下見脊髓神經(jīng)元細(xì)胞變性凋亡、毛細(xì)血管充血擴(kuò)張及神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)脫髓鞘樣改變。 結(jié)論:通過該方法首次建立了很好模擬人類脊髓靜脈高壓病理生理過程的動(dòng)物模型;模型可靠性和重復(fù)性較高,能夠滿足科研需求,為進(jìn)一步研究靜脈高壓性脊髓血管病提供對(duì)象;模型的長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定性還需要進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish an animal model of spinal venous hypertension with high reliability and reproducibility. The MRI changes of spinal venous hypertension model were observed dynamically, and the evolution process and characteristics of abnormal MRI signals were determined. To study the changes of gross and cellular structure of spinal cord and understand the morphological evolution of spinal cord. Methods: the total number of New Zealand white rabbits was 22, 18 were model group and 4 were control group. The model was made as follows: left renal arteriovenous end-to-side anastomosis was performed to construct arteriovenous fistula. The proximal end of the inferior vena cava, between the left and right renal veins, and the distal end of the inferior vena cava ligated by the descending colonic vein, making the blood in the left renal artery flow through the arteriovenous fistula into the inferior vena cava. Through the lumbar vein countercurrent into the paravertebral venous plexus, the spinal cord surrounding the venous hypertension environment, the hope of arterialized blood back to the intradural perimedullary venous plexus, resulting in spinal venous hypertension. In the control group, the arteriovenous fistula was not constructed, 2 of them opened the abdominal cavity according to the method of model making, exposed the left renal arteriovenous, but did not move the vein anastomosis, and then closed the abdominal cavity again after the time required for the normal construction of the model. To understand whether animals can withstand this method of attack; The remaining 2 were used as normal control. The model was divided into three groups: acute group (3 days), subacute phase group (3 days-3 weeks) and chronic phase group (more than 3 weeks). Spinal cord function was evaluated 1 day, 3 day, 1 week, 2 week and every week after operation. Two models were randomly selected from each group to find out the patency of the fistula, and spinal cord MRI was performed to observe the abnormal signal of MRI, the location of the signal and the range of changes. All the spinal cord specimens were sacrificed to observe the pathological changes with naked eyes, and the changes of spinal cord neurons, capillaries and myelin sheath were observed under light microscope. Results: of the 18 models, 13 survived and 5 died, while the control group all survived. There were 3 models of arteriovenous fistula by DSA, including 2 acute group, 1 subacute group, 3 occlusion group, 1 subacute phase group and 2 chronic phase group. The movement and sensory function of the model hind limbs were all decreased after operation, and the performance was different in different time periods. There were thickening changes in spinal cord on MRI and hyperintense edematous changes in spinal cord on T2WI. The most obvious changes were thoracolumbar spinal cord and the range of spinal cord injury was different at different time points. The swelling of spinal cord was observed with naked eyes, and the degeneration and apoptosis of neurons, capillary hyperemia and glial demyelination were observed under light microscope. Conclusion: the animal model of the pathophysiological process of human spinal venous hypertension was established by this method for the first time. The model has high reliability and reproducibility, which can meet the needs of scientific research and provide an object for further study of venous hypertension myelopathy, and the long-term stability of the model needs to be further improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：同濟(jì)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：R-332;R651
本文編號(hào)：2428904
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish an animal model of spinal venous hypertension with high reliability and reproducibility. The MRI changes of spinal venous hypertension model were observed dynamically, and the evolution process and characteristics of abnormal MRI signals were determined. To study the changes of gross and cellular structure of spinal cord and understand the morphological evolution of spinal cord. Methods: the total number of New Zealand white rabbits was 22, 18 were model group and 4 were control group. The model was made as follows: left renal arteriovenous end-to-side anastomosis was performed to construct arteriovenous fistula. The proximal end of the inferior vena cava, between the left and right renal veins, and the distal end of the inferior vena cava ligated by the descending colonic vein, making the blood in the left renal artery flow through the arteriovenous fistula into the inferior vena cava. Through the lumbar vein countercurrent into the paravertebral venous plexus, the spinal cord surrounding the venous hypertension environment, the hope of arterialized blood back to the intradural perimedullary venous plexus, resulting in spinal venous hypertension. In the control group, the arteriovenous fistula was not constructed, 2 of them opened the abdominal cavity according to the method of model making, exposed the left renal arteriovenous, but did not move the vein anastomosis, and then closed the abdominal cavity again after the time required for the normal construction of the model. To understand whether animals can withstand this method of attack; The remaining 2 were used as normal control. The model was divided into three groups: acute group (3 days), subacute phase group (3 days-3 weeks) and chronic phase group (more than 3 weeks). Spinal cord function was evaluated 1 day, 3 day, 1 week, 2 week and every week after operation. Two models were randomly selected from each group to find out the patency of the fistula, and spinal cord MRI was performed to observe the abnormal signal of MRI, the location of the signal and the range of changes. All the spinal cord specimens were sacrificed to observe the pathological changes with naked eyes, and the changes of spinal cord neurons, capillaries and myelin sheath were observed under light microscope. Results: of the 18 models, 13 survived and 5 died, while the control group all survived. There were 3 models of arteriovenous fistula by DSA, including 2 acute group, 1 subacute group, 3 occlusion group, 1 subacute phase group and 2 chronic phase group. The movement and sensory function of the model hind limbs were all decreased after operation, and the performance was different in different time periods. There were thickening changes in spinal cord on MRI and hyperintense edematous changes in spinal cord on T2WI. The most obvious changes were thoracolumbar spinal cord and the range of spinal cord injury was different at different time points. The swelling of spinal cord was observed with naked eyes, and the degeneration and apoptosis of neurons, capillary hyperemia and glial demyelination were observed under light microscope. Conclusion: the animal model of the pathophysiological process of human spinal venous hypertension was established by this method for the first time. The model has high reliability and reproducibility, which can meet the needs of scientific research and provide an object for further study of venous hypertension myelopathy, and the long-term stability of the model needs to be further improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：同濟(jì)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：R-332;R651
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