【摘要】：【研究背景】 燒傷治療的根本任務(wù)是有效地覆蓋、封閉創(chuàng)面。目前在燒傷的臨床治療中所廣泛采用的自體斷層皮片移植法雖然成功救治了眾多患者，但也面臨著自體皮源不足、增加創(chuàng)面面積、移植后皮膚攣縮及缺乏皮膚附件等難題。組織工程技術(shù)的發(fā)展為燒傷創(chuàng)面的修復(fù)提供新的思路。目前已經(jīng)有商品化的組織工程皮膚應(yīng)用于臨床并取得一定的效果，但距理想的組織工程皮膚仍存在較大的差距，主要表現(xiàn)在缺乏毛囊，皮脂腺和汗腺等皮膚附屬器、免疫排斥、抗感染能力弱、支架來源有限及價(jià)格昂貴等。成體干細(xì)胞和生物材料領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展為解決上述問題提供新的契機(jī)。組織工程成功與否取決于以下三個(gè)關(guān)鍵性制約因素：種子細(xì)胞、支架材料以及有助于細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)、分化的外在環(huán)境。其中種子細(xì)胞一直是組織工程研究的核心問題。理想的種子細(xì)胞應(yīng)該具有容易獲得、容易在體外培養(yǎng)增殖、長(zhǎng)期傳代不改變生物學(xué)特性、抗原性小、組織修復(fù)能力強(qiáng)等特征。近年來研究表明表皮干細(xì)胞作為組織特異性干細(xì)胞，具有無限增殖和多項(xiàng)分化潛能，理論上可以分化為皮膚的各種細(xì)胞成分和結(jié)構(gòu)，是包括附屬器在內(nèi)的皮膚的發(fā)生、修復(fù)、改建的關(guān)鍵性源泉。目前認(rèn)為表皮干細(xì)胞儲(chǔ)存于皮膚基底膜和與之解剖相連的毛囊外根鞘隆突部位。而皮膚基底膜細(xì)胞中只含有4-10％的表皮干細(xì)胞，95％的表皮干細(xì)胞儲(chǔ)存于毛囊的隆
[Abstract]:Background the fundamental task of burn treatment is to effectively cover and seal wounds. Although the autologous skin graft has been widely used in the clinical treatment of burn, although it has successfully cured many patients, it also faces the problems of insufficient autologous skin source, increasing the area of the wound, skin contracture after transplantation and the lack of skin accessories. The development of tissue engineering technology provides new ideas for the repair of burn wounds. At present, commercial tissue engineering skin has been used in clinical practice and achieved certain results, but there is still a big gap from ideal tissue engineering skin, mainly due to the lack of skin appendages such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands and sweat glands, and immune rejection. The ability of anti-infection is weak, the source of stent is limited and the price is high. The development of adult stem cells and biomaterials provides a new opportunity to solve these problems. The success of tissue engineering depends on three key constraints: seed cells, scaffold materials, and an external environment conducive to cell growth and differentiation. Seed cells have been the core of tissue engineering research. The ideal seed cells should be easy to obtain, easy to culture and proliferate in vitro, no change in biological characteristics, small antigenicity, strong tissue repair ability, and so on. Recent studies have shown that epidermal stem cells, as tissue-specific stem cells, have unlimited proliferation and multiple differentiation potential, and can theoretically differentiate into various cell components and structures of the skin, which is the occurrence and repair of skin, including appendages. The key source of alteration. Epidermal stem cells are now thought to be stored in the skin basement membrane and the outer root sheath of the hair follicle associated with its anatomy. However, only 4-10% of the epidermal stem cells were found in the skin basement membrane cells, and 95% of the epidermal stem cells were stored in the hair follicles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：R329.2

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