【摘要】： 目的了解小腦前下動(dòng)脈、小腦上動(dòng)脈的顯微解剖特點(diǎn)及其變異特征,明確小腦前下動(dòng)脈、小腦上動(dòng)脈與相鄰顱骨、顱神經(jīng)的比鄰關(guān)系與供血范圍,為臨床該區(qū)域的小腦腫瘤外科手術(shù)、微血管減壓術(shù)及介入手術(shù)等提供解剖學(xué)依據(jù)。方法利用40具80側(cè)福爾馬林固定的硬腦膜完整的成人腦標(biāo)本,對(duì)AICA及SCA進(jìn)行顯微解剖,觀察、測(cè)量、統(tǒng)計(jì)血管的數(shù)目,走行、分支情況及其與周圍神經(jīng)的關(guān)系。結(jié)果小腦前下動(dòng)脈管徑在0.48～2.32mm之間,平均(1.15±0.41) mm,平均每側(cè)1.16支。AICA起自BA上、中、下1/3段的比例分別為5.4%、22.6%和72%。約64.5%的AICA在面聽(tīng)神經(jīng)前分為內(nèi)、外側(cè)支。短干型AICA約占7.5%,長(zhǎng)干型約占14%,約5.4%的AICA發(fā)育不良。SCA管徑在0.4～2.5mm之間,平均(1.36±0.37)mm。5.9%的SCA發(fā)自同側(cè)PCA,其中尚發(fā)現(xiàn)1例發(fā)自P2段。SCA形成尾袢63支,其中與三叉神經(jīng)接觸的21支,占33.3%。結(jié)論小腦上動(dòng)脈和小腦前下動(dòng)脈存在較大變異,與周圍的三叉神經(jīng)、面聽(tīng)神經(jīng)關(guān)系密切,熟悉顱底血管的顯微外科解剖,重視血管的復(fù)雜變異,會(huì)在很大程度上幫助神經(jīng)外科醫(yī)師提高該區(qū)域手術(shù)的安全性和可靠性。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the microanatomical characteristics and variation characteristics of anterior inferior cerebellar artery and superior cerebellar artery, and to determine the adjacent relationship and blood supply range of anterior inferior cerebellar artery, superior cerebellar artery and adjacent skull, and cranial nerve. To provide anatomic basis for the surgery of cerebellar tumor, microvascular decompression and interventional surgery. Methods 40 adult brain specimens fixed with formalin on 80 sides of dura mater were dissected microdissected, observed, measured, and counted the number of blood vessels, the course, the branches and their relationship with peripheral nerves. Results the diameter of anterior inferior cerebellar artery was between 0.48~2.32mm with an average of (1.15 鹵0.41) mm, (1.16 branches per side). The proportion of AICA from BA, middle and lower 1 / 3 segment was 5.4% and 72%, respectively. About 64.5% of AICA were divided into medial and lateral branches in anterior facial auditory nerve. The short stem type AICA accounted for about 7.5%, the long stem type about 14%, about 5.4% of the AICA dysplasia. The diameter of SCA tube was between 0.4~2.5mm, the average SCA of (1.36 鹵0.37) mm.5.9% originated from the ipsilateral PCA,. Among them, 1 case was found from P2 segment. 63 caudal loops were formed by SCA, of which 21 were in contact with trigeminal nerve, accounting for 33.33.3. Conclusion the superior cerebellar artery and anterior inferior cerebellar artery have great variation, which are closely related to the peripheral trigeminal nerve and facial acoustic nerve. They are familiar with the microsurgical anatomy of the cranial base vessels and attach importance to the complex variation of the vessels. Will greatly help neurosurgeons to improve the safety and reliability of the operation in the region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：R322

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