【摘要】： 金黃色葡萄球菌(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)金葡菌)是引起細(xì)菌性食物中毒的重要病原菌之一。廣泛存在于自然環(huán)境中，對(duì)各種理化因素都有較高的抵抗力。在美國(guó)由金葡菌引起的食物中毒占整個(gè)細(xì)菌性食物中毒的比例約為33％，，加拿大約占45％，某些歐洲國(guó)家如匈牙利、芬蘭等占5096以上，我國(guó)每年由金葡菌引起的食物中毒事件也是屢見(jiàn)不鮮。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)采自人的化膿組織、理發(fā)用具、動(dòng)物糞便、生鮮奶、豬肉、牛肉、羊肉、空氣、水等350樣品。進(jìn)行了金黃色葡萄球菌的分離與鑒定，金黃色葡萄球菌的總檢出率為19.71％，進(jìn)而證實(shí)了該地區(qū)金黃色葡萄球菌的檢出率偏高，同時(shí)也表明保定市及其周遍地區(qū)金葡菌的污染程度較高，值得注意。研究金黃色葡萄球菌的分布狀況，發(fā)現(xiàn)理發(fā)用具中該菌的檢出率最高，表明人的金葡菌帶菌率很高。在所有食品檢樣中，生鮮奶中金葡菌的檢出率最高，說(shuō)明該菌污染奶的機(jī)率較大，應(yīng)該重視奶制品的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題，以免引起食源性疾病的爆發(fā)。從空氣也檢出了金葡菌，體現(xiàn)了金葡菌分布廣泛這一特點(diǎn)，因此對(duì)該菌的防治是非常重要的。 金葡菌引起的食物中毒主要是由于進(jìn)食了含有金葡菌腸毒素的食物。目前，金葡菌腸毒素按血清學(xué)分型可分為14型(A、B、C、D、G、H、I、J、K、L、M、N、O)。爆發(fā)性食物中毒中最常見(jiàn)的血清型是A、B和E型。本試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)合成SEA、SEB、SEE金黃色葡萄球菌致病基因引物，進(jìn)行PCR鑒定，進(jìn)而研究金黃色葡萄球菌腸毒素基因的分布狀況。在分離得到的159株金黃色葡萄球菌中，有39株菌至少含有腸毒素SEA、SEB、SEE中的一種。其中含SEA基因的菌株有17株，含SEB基因的菌株有20株，含SEE基因的菌株有7株；含SEA、SEB兩種基因的菌株有4株，含SEA、SEE兩種基因的菌株有1株。本研究表明，所分離的金黃色葡萄球菌的帶毒率較高。 有待于進(jìn)一步調(diào)查我國(guó)人群、家畜及食品中金黃色葡萄球菌的污染狀況及該病原菌的流行情況，為金葡菌病的監(jiān)控、爆發(fā)流行的檢測(cè)以及追蹤污染源提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) is one of the most important pathogens causing bacterial food poisoning. It widely exists in natural environment and has high resistance to various physical and chemical factors. In the United States, the proportion of food poisoning caused by Staphylococcus aureus is about 33 percent of the total bacterial food poisoning, while that of Canada is about 45. Some European countries such as Hungary and Finland account for more than 5096. Food poisoning caused by Staphylococcus aureus is common in China every year. In this paper, 350 samples of pyogenic tissue, barber, animal feces, fresh milk, pork, beef, mutton, air and water were collected. The total detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus was 19.71, which confirmed the high detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus in this area. It also shows that the contamination degree of Staphylococcus aureus in Baoding city and its surrounding areas is high, which is worthy of attention. By studying the distribution of Staphylococcus aureus, it was found that the positive rate of Staphylococcus aureus was the highest in barber utensils, which indicated that the rate of carrying Staphylococcus aureus was very high. The detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus in fresh milk is the highest among all food samples, which indicates that the contamination rate of milk is high, and the quality of dairy products should be paid more attention to, so as to avoid the outbreak of foodborne diseases. Staphylococcus aureus was also detected from the air, reflecting the wide distribution of Staphylococcus aureus, so it is very important to control the bacteria. The food poisoning caused by Staphylococcus aureus is mainly caused by ingestion of food containing enterotoxin of Staphylococcus aureus. At present, the enterotoxin of Staphylococcus aureus can be classified into 14 types according to serological typing. The most common serotypes in outbreaks of food poisoning are Agna B and E types. In this experiment, primers were designed and synthesized for SEA,SEB,SEE Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity gene, and the distribution of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin gene was studied by PCR. Of the 159 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated, 39 strains contained at least one of the enterotoxin SEA,SEB,SEE. There were 17 strains with SEA gene, 20 strains with SEB gene, 7 strains with SEE gene, 4 strains with SEA,SEB gene and 1 strain with SEA,SEE gene. This study shows that the isolated Staphylococcus aureus has a high rate of carrying virus. Further investigation of Staphylococcus aureus contamination and prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in Chinese population, livestock and food is needed to provide basis for surveillance of Staphylococcus aureus disease, detection of outbreak of Staphylococcus aureus and tracing of pollution sources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R378

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 黃和;李文杰;雷曉凌;勵(lì)建榮;;模擬蟹肉中金黃色葡萄球菌生長(zhǎng)預(yù)測(cè)模型的研究[J];食品科技;2010年10期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 梁斌;一種能同時(shí)檢測(cè)金黃色葡萄球菌A型和B型腸毒素單克隆抗體的制備及特性分析[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

2 羅梁飛;植物源抗菌色素復(fù)合制劑及其紡織應(yīng)用[D];東華大學(xué);2011年

3 姜游帥;蜂膠對(duì)金黃色葡萄球菌毒力因子抑制作用研究[D];黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué);2010年

本文編號(hào)：2390749