【摘要】：研究的背景及目的： 登革病毒(Dengue virus，DV)是黃病毒科的單股正鏈RNA病毒，有4種血清型，均可以引起登革熱(Classical dengue fever，DF)和登革出血熱／登革休克綜合征(Dengue hemorrhagic fever／Dengue shock syndrome，DHF／DSS)，廣泛流行于熱帶和亞熱帶地區(qū)。每年DF病例超過1億，DHF病例約50萬。WHO已將DHF／DSS、肝炎、瘧疾、結(jié)核列為全球流行最嚴(yán)重的傳染病。但DV的發(fā)病機(jī)理不明，臨床治療也主要是支持療法和對癥療法對癥為主。近年來，在世界范圍內(nèi)和我國南方以及東南亞，DHF／DSS的發(fā)病率有明顯增加的趨勢，可見登革病毒的感染已是嚴(yán)重的公共衛(wèi)生問題。 關(guān)于DHF／DSS發(fā)病機(jī)制的看法，主要有三種：①抗體依賴增強(qiáng)(Antibody-dependent enhancement，ADE)理論：認(rèn)為DV特異性IgG所引起的免疫增強(qiáng)效應(yīng)導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)DHF／DSS的病理變化；②病毒因素致病理論：認(rèn)為病毒毒力或復(fù)制能力等因素是導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重疾病的原因；③免疫病理反應(yīng)理論：認(rèn)為交叉反應(yīng)性T細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)的細(xì)胞免疫損傷是DHF／DSS的主要病理機(jī)制。盡管傳統(tǒng)的減毒活疫苗已進(jìn)行多年的臨床試驗(yàn)，但是到目前為止，仍沒有安全有效的登革疫苗用于臨床。因此，登革新型疫苗的研究極為迫切和重要。 DEN基因組為單股正鏈RNA，約11kb，從5’到3’端排列著3個結(jié)構(gòu)基因(C、prM和E)和7個非結(jié)構(gòu)基因(NS1、NS2A、NS2B、NS3、NS4A、NS4B和NS5)，分別編碼相應(yīng)的蛋白。結(jié)構(gòu)基因(占病基因組20％以上)影響著病毒的組裝，進(jìn)入宿主細(xì)胞和免疫反應(yīng)。E蛋白是DV病毒體上包膜糖蛋白與最大的結(jié)構(gòu)蛋白，由495個氨基酸組成，
[Abstract]:Background and objective: dengue virus (Dengue virus,DV) is a single-stranded positive strand RNA virus of the family Flavoviridae. There are four serotypes, all of which can cause dengue (Classical dengue fever,. DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever / dengue shock syndrome (Dengue hemorrhagic fever/Dengue shock syndrome,DHF/DSS), widely prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. There are more than 100 million DF cases and about 500000 DHF cases each year. WHO has listed DHF/DSS, hepatitis, malaria and tuberculosis as the most serious infectious diseases in the world. However, the pathogenesis of DV is not clear, and the clinical treatment is mainly supportive therapy and symptomatic therapy. In recent years, the incidence of DHF/DSS has increased significantly in the world and in the south of China and Southeast Asia. It can be seen that dengue virus infection is a serious public health problem. There are three main views on the pathogenesis of DHF/DSS: (1) the theory of antibody dependent enhancement (Antibody-dependent enhancement,ADE): it is believed that the immunological enhancement induced by DV specific IgG leads to the pathological changes of DHF/DSS; (2) the virulence or replication ability of virus was considered as the cause of severe disease, and the immunopathologic reaction theory: it was considered that the main pathological mechanism of DHF/DSS was the cellular immune damage mediated by cross-reactive T cells. Although traditional live attenuated vaccines have been tested for many years, there is no safe and effective dengue vaccine for clinical use. Therefore, the research of innovative vaccine is extremely urgent and important. The DEN genome is a single-stranded positive strand RNA, of about 11 kb. From 5'to 3 'end, there are three structural genes (CCM and E) and seven non-structural genes (NS1,NS2A,NS2B,NS3,NS4A,NS4B and NS5), which encode the corresponding proteins respectively. Structural genes (accounting for more than 20% of the diseased genome) affect the assembly of the virus, entering host cells and immune responses. E protein is the largest structural protein and envelope glycoprotein on the DV virus, which consists of 495 amino acids.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：R373

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉新鑫;APMV-1 F基因表達(dá)及復(fù)合間接ELISA方法的建立與應(yīng)用[D];吉林大學(xué);2008年

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