發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-27 16:09

【摘要】：一、背景與目的 耳鳴是在無(wú)外界相應(yīng)聲源刺激時(shí)耳內(nèi)有響聲的一種主觀感覺，發(fā)病率極高。文獻(xiàn)報(bào)告，持續(xù)性耳鳴患者約占總?cè)丝诘?0％，其中，大約有1％～3％的人群因耳鳴而嚴(yán)重影響正常工作和生活�？梢�，耳鳴引起的痛苦和煩惱有時(shí)比耳聾更大。因此，耳鳴受到越來(lái)越多的重視，已成為臨床上迫切需要解決而又難以解決的頑癥之一。由于缺少合適的動(dòng)物模型，以往對(duì)耳鳴的研究多局限于人類，這大大限制了對(duì)耳鳴機(jī)制的深入了解。自從發(fā)現(xiàn)大劑量水楊酸鈉類藥物能引起人類耳鳴后，在動(dòng)物體內(nèi)注射大劑量的水楊酸鈉就成為研究耳鳴機(jī)制的主要方法。由于無(wú)法判斷注射水楊酸鈉后動(dòng)物是否真的感受到了耳鳴，最早期的研究只是建立在推測(cè)的基礎(chǔ)上。1988年Jastreboff等按照巴甫洛夫條件反射原理，通過(guò)對(duì)大鼠行為學(xué)的觀察，，證實(shí)了注射水楊酸鈉后的大鼠確實(shí)感受到了耳鳴，并由此建立了現(xiàn)今廣為應(yīng)用的耳鳴動(dòng)物行為學(xué)模型。這一模型的建立大大促進(jìn)了對(duì)耳鳴機(jī)制的研究，但先前的研究多局限在水楊酸鈉的外周耳毒性方面，近年來(lái)水楊酸鈉的中樞效應(yīng)逐漸引起了學(xué)者們的注意。研究表明水楊酸鈉能引起動(dòng)物聽覺通路上神經(jīng)元電活動(dòng)的一系列改變，同時(shí)，在對(duì)耳鳴患者的研究中也發(fā)現(xiàn)了聽皮層神經(jīng)元代謝活動(dòng)的增加和功能重組的證據(jù)。因此，聽覺中樞特別是聽皮層功能活動(dòng)的變化可能在耳鳴的產(chǎn)生中具有更為重要的作用。已經(jīng)證明，中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)功能活動(dòng)的變
[Abstract]:Background & objective tinnitus is a kind of subjective sensation with high incidence when there is no external sound source. It is reported that persistent tinnitus patients account for about 10% of the total population, of which about 1% or 3% seriously affect normal work and life because of tinnitus. The pain and annoyance caused by tinnitus are sometimes greater than deafness. Therefore, tinnitus has been paid more and more attention. Due to the lack of suitable animal models, previous studies on tinnitus were limited to humans, which greatly limited the understanding of tinnitus mechanism. Since it was found that large doses of sodium salicylate can cause tinnitus in humans, the injection of sodium salicylate into animals has become the main method to study the mechanism of tinnitus. Since it was impossible to determine whether the animals actually felt tinnitus after injection of sodium salicylate, the earliest studies were based on speculation. In 1988, Jastreboff et al observed the behavior of rats according to Pavlov's conditioned reflex principle. It was confirmed that the rats after injection of sodium salicylate did feel tinnitus, and the animal behavioral model of tinnitus was established. The establishment of this model has greatly promoted the study of tinnitus mechanism, but previous studies are mostly confined to the peripheral ototoxicity of sodium salicylate. In recent years, the central effect of sodium salicylate has gradually attracted the attention of scholars. It has been shown that sodium salicylate can induce a series of changes in the electrical activity of neurons in the auditory pathway of animals. At the same time, evidence of increased metabolic activity and functional recombination of neurons in auditory cortex has also been found in the study of tinnitus patients. Therefore, the changes of auditory center, especially auditory cortex, may play a more important role in tinnitus production. It has been shown that central nervous system function changes
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：R-332;R764.45

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 李明,楊光,關(guān)穎,馬兆鑫;耳鳴動(dòng)物行為學(xué)模型的制作[J];中國(guó)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合耳鼻咽喉科雜志;2003年03期

2 劉俊秀,李學(xué)佩,董鈺,韓慧婉,劉國(guó)詮;利用微透析技術(shù)對(duì)利多卡因治療耳鳴作用機(jī)制的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];中華耳鼻咽喉科雜志;2003年06期

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