指動(dòng)脈背側(cè)支為蒂逆行指掌背筋膜皮瓣的應(yīng)用解剖與臨床研究
[Abstract]:The soft tissue defect after finger trauma is often complicated by bone and joint, tendon, blood vessel and nerve exposure. The treatment is difficult and needs to be repaired by flap transfer or transplantation. Flaps, adjacent finger flaps, cross-arm flaps, abdominal pedicled flaps, digital artery island flaps and free flaps [1-4]. These flaps have some disadvantages, such as limited wound area, long fixation time affecting hand function, poor appearance of the flaps, sacrificing a major artery of the finger, requiring vascular anastomosis, complicated operation and high risk. All kinds of free tissue flaps of the foot can repair the tissue defect of the corresponding part of the finger, and can achieve the perfect state of "what is missing and how much is missing". But it needs skilled small vessel anastomosis technology and surgical operation. There is a complex and time-consuming risk of tissue flap necrosis, skin grafting in the donor site of the foot may necrosis and lead to tendon exposure, so clinical application is limited. The area defect is an ideal flap donor site for repairing finger wounds. The dorsal digital and dorsal metacarpal island flap has become a hot spot for clinical surgeons and anatomists to repair finger soft tissue defects [5-15]. There are few reports on the clinical application of the dorsal metacarpophalangeal fasciocutaneous flap pedicled with the dorsal branch of the digital artery near the middle segment in China. It provides a more systematic and precise anatomical basis and is applied in clinic to verify its clinical effect.
The first chapter is the applied anatomy of the reverse dorsal metacarpal dorsal fasciocutaneous flap pedicled with the dorsal branch of the artery.
Objective to provide an anatomical basis for the retrograde dorsal metacarpal fasciocutaneous flap pedicled with the dorsal branch of the artery.
Methods 14 fresh adult cadaveric hand specimens were perfused with red latex through arterial cannula. The specimens were frozen for 48 hours and dissected under the operating microscope. The course, distribution, anastomosis and external diameter of the dorsal blood vessels of the hand and 2-5 fingers were observed.
Results There were abundant vascular networks of cutaneous arteries in the superficial dorsal metacarpal fascia, and there were four thicker cutaneous arterial arches in the direction of the corresponding dorsal metacarpal arteries. The dorsal and dorsal metacarpophalangeal joints had 3.82 (- 0.89) cutaneous branches (2-7) with a diameter of 0.10-0.72 mm. The webbed digital artery was relatively constant in one case, but the fourth webbed artery was absent. In the finger, there were 1-7 dorsal cutaneous branches of the indirect digital artery on each side of the proximal segment, and 2-8 dorsal cutaneous branches of the digital artery on each side of the proximal segment, proximal segment and middle segment of the finger. The dorsal cutaneous branch of the dorsal metacarpal artery and the perforating branch of the distal deep palmar arch supply the dorsal skin of the proximal segment of the finger and communicate with the dorsal cutaneous branch of the digital artery in the proximal segment. Nutrient vascular chain.
Conclusion The reverse dorsal metacarpal fasciocutaneous flap pedicled with the dorsal branch of the digital artery is simple, fast and has a long rotation arc, which is beneficial to repair the large soft tissue defect in the middle and distal segment of the finger.
The second chapter refers to the clinical application of retrograde dorsal metacarpal fasciocutaneous flap pedicled with the dorsal branch of the artery.
Objective To explore the feasibility of repairing skin and soft tissue defect of middle and distal segment of finger with reverse dorsal digital artery fasciocutaneous flap pedicled with dorsal branch of digital artery.
Methods Retrograde dorsal metacarpal fasciocutaneous flap pedicled with dorsal branch of digital artery was used to repair 15 cases of skin and soft tissue defects in the middle and distal segments of fingers.
Results The flap survived completely in 14 cases, and the distal part of the flap was necrotic in 1 case. The long-term follow-up showed that the flap had good blood supply, cold resistance, thin and soft texture, good appearance and color. There was no extensor tendon adhesion and web contracture in the donor area of the flap.
Conclusion The reverse dorsal digital palmar fasciocutaneous flap pedicled with dorsal branch of digital artery has reliable blood supply, long rotation arc, simple operation, closer to the wound surface, less damage to the donor area of the flap, and can anastomose the cutaneous nerve to reconstruct the sensation of the flap. It is an ideal method for repairing the soft tissue defect in the middle and distal segments of the finger.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:南華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2007
【分類號(hào)】:R658.2;R322
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