發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-03 21:37

  本文選題：勝任特征 + 勝任特征模型�。� 參考：《中南大學(xué)》2007年博士論文

【摘要】： 目的 本研究旨在探討心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員的勝任特征模型并檢驗(yàn)該模型，為我國心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員的篩選與培訓(xùn)提供理論依據(jù)，促進(jìn)心理治療與咨詢職業(yè)化進(jìn)程。 方法 1．采用定性研究的方法。使用開放性問題訪談11位從事心理治療與咨詢的資深專家，對訪談文本資料進(jìn)行內(nèi)容分析，獲取心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員的普遍勝任特征。 2．采用行為事件訪談法(BEI)對20位心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員進(jìn)行訪談，按同行專家評議法將被訪談人員分為績優(yōu)組和普通組，對訪談資料進(jìn)行勝任特征編碼。通過對比績優(yōu)組和普通組所體現(xiàn)的勝任特征差異，，確定心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征模型。 3．根據(jù)心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員的勝任特征模型編制《心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征自評量表》，并檢驗(yàn)其信效度。 4．對《心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征自評量表》實(shí)施多區(qū)域大樣本測驗(yàn)，通過探索性因子分析和結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型檢驗(yàn)勝任特征模型。 結(jié)果 1．普通組和績優(yōu)組在訪談長度上差異沒有顯著性(8214.00±4047.77字／9940.10±2462.64字，t=1.15，P=0.26)，在訪談時(shí)間上差異沒有顯著性(58.80±24.11分鐘／58.80±12.60分鐘，t=0，P=1)。 2．有1項(xiàng)勝任特征的平均等級分?jǐn)?shù)與訪談文本長度相關(guān)顯著(P＜0.05)，而有5項(xiàng)勝任特征的頻次計(jì)分與訪談文本長度相關(guān)顯著(P＜0.05)，有4項(xiàng)勝任特征的最高等級計(jì)分與訪談文本長度相關(guān)顯著(P＜0.05)，說明勝任特征編碼采用平均等級分?jǐn)?shù)計(jì)分方式較少受訪談長度的影響，具較好的穩(wěn)定性。 3．歸類一致性(CA=81.11％)及組內(nèi)相關(guān)系數(shù)(95.2％的ICC＞0.4)顯示兩位編碼人員之間具有較好的評分者一致性信度。 4．在10項(xiàng)勝任特征上，績優(yōu)組勝任特征平均等級分?jǐn)?shù)得分高于普通組，且差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)顯著性(P＜0.05)，它們依次為自我認(rèn)識、自信、共情、知識、概念性思考、語言表達(dá)、尊重他人、培養(yǎng)他人、影響力、自控力。 5．《心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征自評量表》通過探索性因子分析，保留47個(gè)項(xiàng)目，含8個(gè)一階因子和2個(gè)二階因子，分別解釋總變異的52.1％和81.807％。一階因子根據(jù)保留下來的測驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目分別命名為影響力(F1)、知識(F2)、培養(yǎng)他人(F3)、尊重他人(F4)、自控力(F5)、共情(F6)、自信(F7)、自我認(rèn)識(F8)；二階因子命名為知識技能(D1)和個(gè)人特質(zhì)(D2)，驗(yàn)證了勝任特征模型。 6．結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型的驗(yàn)證結(jié)果表明，較之一維結(jié)構(gòu)，心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征模型的二維結(jié)構(gòu)較合理，測驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)與二維模型的各擬合指數(shù)如下：NNFI為0.883，NFI為0.903，CFI為0.907，RMSEA為0.091，X~2／df為3.26。 7．《心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征自評量表》的信度檢驗(yàn)。Cronbaehα系數(shù)在0.83-0.95之間，分半信度在0.82-0.96之間。 8．《心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征自評量表》的效度檢驗(yàn)。內(nèi)部相關(guān)分析表明，8個(gè)一階因子與量表總分相關(guān)系數(shù)在0.260-0.732之間，2個(gè)二階因子與量表總分相關(guān)系數(shù)分別是0.844和0.512，相關(guān)均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)顯著性(P＜0.01)。二階因子“知識技能”與所屬一階因子相關(guān)較高(0.641-0.802)，而與屬于另一個(gè)二階因子的一階因子相關(guān)較低(0.114-0.496)；反之，二階因子“個(gè)人特質(zhì)”與所屬一階因子相關(guān)較高(0.596-0.664)，而與屬于“知識技能”的一階因子相關(guān)較低(0.295-0.346)。結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型的驗(yàn)證分析顯示，測驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)與二維理論模型的各擬合指數(shù)基本達(dá)到測量學(xué)要求。 9．性別差異研究結(jié)果顯示，女性從業(yè)人員與男性從業(yè)人員在影響力(F1)、知識(F2)、培養(yǎng)他人(F3)、尊重他人(F4)、自控力(F5)、共情(F6)、自信(F7)、自我認(rèn)識(F8)等各勝任特征及勝任特征總分上均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P＞0.05)。 結(jié)論 1．心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征模型為：自我認(rèn)識、自信、共情、知識、概念性思考、語言表達(dá)、尊重他人、培養(yǎng)他人、影響力、自控力。 2．結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了勝任特征模型由兩個(gè)維度組成，顯示心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征模型可分為受教育影響較小的個(gè)人特質(zhì)和可通過教育培養(yǎng)的知識技能。 3．基于行為事件訪談法(BEI)的勝任特征評價(jià)方法(CAM)是勝任特征研究的經(jīng)典方法，具有可操作性、可信度高等特點(diǎn)，可作為構(gòu)建中國文化背景下心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征模型的研究方法。 4．通過Cronbachα系數(shù)和分半信度的考察，表明根據(jù)心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征模型編制的《心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征自評量表》信度良好；通過考查量表的內(nèi)容效度和結(jié)構(gòu)效度，證實(shí)量表具有良好的效度。 5．探索性因子分析結(jié)果與量表編制的理論構(gòu)想基本吻合，說明心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征模型的可靠性與穩(wěn)定性。 6．心理治療與咨詢從業(yè)人員勝任特征模型可為甄選、培訓(xùn)心理治療與咨詢的從業(yè)人員提供理論依據(jù)和實(shí)證工具。
[Abstract]:objective
The purpose of this study is to explore the competency model of psychotherapy and consultants and to test the model. It provides a theoretical basis for the screening and training of psychotherapy and consultants in China, and promotes the process of psycho therapy and consultation professionalization.
Method
1. using the method of qualitative research, 11 senior experts engaged in psychotherapy and consultation were interviewed by the open question interview, and the content of the interview text was analyzed to obtain the general competence of psychotherapy and consultants.
2. an interview (BEI) was used to interview 20 psychotherapy and consulting employees. According to the peer expert evaluation method, the interviewees were divided into excellent group and ordinary group, and the interview data were coded. The psychological treatment and consultation Employment were determined by comparing the difference of the characteristics of the success and the general group. Personnel competency model.
3. according to the competency model of psychotherapy and consulting employees, the competency self rating scale of psychotherapy and consultant practitioners was compiled and its reliability and validity were tested.
4. the multi regional large sample test was carried out on the competency self rating scale of psychotherapy and counselling practitioners, and the competency model was tested by exploratory factor analysis and structural equation model.
Result
1. the difference in the length of interview was not significant (8214 + 4047.77 words / 9940.10 + 2462.64 words, t=1.15, P=0.26). There was no significant difference in the interview time (58.80 + 24.11 minutes / 58.80 + 12.60 minutes, t=0, P=1).
2. the average grade score of 1 competencies is significantly related to the length of interview text (P < 0.05), while the frequency score of 5 Xiang Shengren features is significantly related to the length of interview text (P < 0.05). The highest grade score of 4 competencies is significantly related to the length of interview text (P < 0.05). The number scoring method is less affected by the length of the interview and has better stability.
3. classification consistency (CA=81.11%) and intra group correlation coefficient (95.2% ICC > 0.4) showed that the two coder had better consistency reliability of raters.
4. on the 10 competencies, the scores of the average grade score of the superior group are higher than those of the ordinary group, and the difference is statistically significant (P < 0.05). They are self cognition, self-confidence, empathy, knowledge, conceptual thinking, language expression, respect for others, cultivation of his people, influence and self-control.
5.< psychological therapy and consultants' competency self rating scale (self rating scale), through exploratory factor analysis, retained 47 items, including 8 first factors and 2 two order factors, respectively, to explain the 52.1% and 81.807%. first factors of the total variation, respectively named F1, knowledge (F2), and the cultivation of others (F3), respecting. F4, F5, F6, F7, and self-awareness (F8); the two order factors are named knowledge skills (D1) and individual traits (D2), which verifies the competency model.
The results of the 6. structural equation model show that the two-dimensional structure of the competency model of psychotherapy and consultants is more reasonable than that of the one dimension structure. The fitting indices of the test data and the two-dimensional model are as follows: NNFI is 0.883, NFI is 0.903, CFI is 0.907, RMSEA is 0.091, X~2 / DF is 3.26.
The reliability of 7.< self rating scale for psychotherapy and consulting practitioners was tested. The.Cronbaeh alpha coefficient was between 0.83-0.95 and split half reliability was between 0.82-0.96.
The internal correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between the 8 first factors and the total score of the scale was 0.260-0.732, the correlation coefficient of the 2 two order factors and the total score of the scale was 0.844 and 0.512 respectively, and the correlation was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The two order factor "knowledge". The correlation of skill is higher than the first order factor (0.641-0.802), and the correlation is lower (0.114-0.496) with the first order factor belonging to another two order factor (0.114-0.496); on the other hand, Nikai Innoko 's "personal trait" is related to the first order factor (0.596-0.664), and is lower (0.295-0.346) with the first order factor of "knowledge skill" (0.295-0.346). The validation of the model shows that the fitting indices of the test data and the two-dimensional theoretical model basically meet the requirements of surveying.
9. the results of gender differences showed that there were no statistical differences between female employees and men in influence (F1), knowledge (F2), other people (F4), self-control (F5), empathy (F6), self-confidence (F7), self-knowledge (F8) and other competencies (P > 0.05).
conclusion
1. the competency model of psychotherapy and counseling practitioners is self-knowledge, self-confidence, empathy, knowledge, conceptual thinking, language expression, respect for others, the cultivation of others, influence and self-control.
The 2. structural equation model further verifies that the competency model is composed of two dimensions, showing that the competency model of psychotherapy and consultants can be divided into individual traits which are less influenced by education and the knowledge skills that can be trained through education.
3. the competency assessment method (CAM) based on behavioral event interview (BEI) is the classic method of competency research. It has the characteristics of operability and credibility. It can be used as a research method for constructing the competency model of psychotherapy and consultants under Chinese cultural background.
4. through the investigation of Cronbach alpha coefficient and half credibility, it shows that according to the competency model of psychotherapy and consultants, the reliability of the self rating scale of psychological therapy and consultants is good, and the validity of the scale is proved by the content validity and structural validity of the scale.
5. the results of exploratory factor analysis are basically consistent with the theoretical conception of scale up, which illustrates the reliability and stability of the competency model of psychotherapy and consultants.
6. the competency model of psychotherapy and consulting practitioners can provide theoretical evidence and empirical tools for selection, training, psychotherapy and consultation practitioners.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：R395.5

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條

1 黃光圣;;簡論國內(nèi)心理咨詢師勝任特征研究問題[J];商洛學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2009年06期

2 張迎黎;張亞林;楊\

本文編號：1974254