本文選題：人骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞　切入點(diǎn)：人角膜上皮干細(xì)胞　出處：《中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2005年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的 骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞(Mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)是存在于骨髓中的成體干細(xì)胞群,具有高度自我更新能力和多向分化潛能。雖然目前人們還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)MSCs高度特異的表面標(biāo)記抗原,但其表面有多種特異性抗原,以及多種細(xì)胞因子和生長因子受體的表達(dá)。如SH-2、CD29、CD44、CD71、CD90、CD106、CD120a、Stro-1等,其中作為造血細(xì)胞典型的表面抗原CS45、CD34和CD14呈陰性表達(dá)。 MSCs的多向分化潛能已經(jīng)在很多體內(nèi)外試驗(yàn)中得到驗(yàn)證。2002年,Poulsom等發(fā)現(xiàn)MSCs可分化為機(jī)體三個(gè)胚層幾乎所有的組織,包括:腦、肝、腎、脾、骨、血液、視網(wǎng)膜、皮膚等等,這種強(qiáng)大的分化能力遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了人們的想象。MSCs的這一特性,暗示人們它在機(jī)體組織損傷修復(fù)過程中具有潛在的重大應(yīng)用價(jià)值。 正常角膜表面由角膜上皮所覆蓋,表層上皮細(xì)胞的不斷脫落和基底層細(xì)胞的不斷增殖處于一種動(dòng)態(tài)平衡狀態(tài)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這一動(dòng)態(tài)平衡的維持有賴于角膜緣基底層的一種成體干細(xì)胞——角膜上皮干細(xì)胞(Corneal epithelial stem cells,CESCs)。CESCs是角膜上皮細(xì)胞脫落更新的源泉,它通過自身的增殖和分化,引起鄰近上皮細(xì)胞的向心性移動(dòng),使脫落死亡的細(xì)胞不斷得以補(bǔ)充,從而維持了整個(gè)眼表結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的完整。雖然人們認(rèn)為角膜緣基底處的某些細(xì)胞是干細(xì)胞,但目前還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)CESCs的特異性標(biāo)記物。在實(shí)驗(yàn)和臨床工作中較為常用方法是,利用CK3和CK19免疫組化染色法對CESCs進(jìn)行標(biāo)記。 當(dāng)角膜緣受損,引起CESCs缺乏或功能缺陷時(shí),就會(huì)發(fā)生持續(xù)性角膜上皮糜爛,角膜結(jié)膜上皮化,新生血管長入和假性翼狀胬肉形成等一系列病理改變,給患者帶來巨大的痛苦,甚至最終導(dǎo)致失明。隨著CESCs理論研
[Abstract]:Purpose. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a group of adult stem cells in bone marrow with high self-renewal ability and multi-differentiation potential, although no highly specific surface marker antigen of MSCs has been found. However, there were many specific antigens on its surface, as well as the expression of various cytokines and growth factor receptors, such as SH-2G CD29 CD4T, CD71T, CD90, CD106, CD120a Stro-1 and so on. Among them, CS45 CD34 and CD14, typical surface antigens of hematopoietic cells, were negative. In 2002, Poulsom et al found that MSCs can differentiate into almost all the tissues of the body, including brain, liver, kidney, spleen, bone, blood, retina, skin and so on. This strong ability of differentiation is far beyond the characteristics of human imagination, implying that it has great potential application value in the process of tissue damage repair. The surface of the normal cornea is covered by the corneal epithelium. The continuous exfoliation of surface epithelial cells and the continuous proliferation of basal layer cells are in a dynamic equilibrium state. It has been found that the maintenance of this dynamic balance depends on a kind of adult stem cell in the basal layer of the limbus cornea epithelium. Corneal epithelial stem cells are the source of corneal epithelial cells exfoliation and renewal. Through its own proliferation and differentiation, it causes the adjoining epithelial cells to move toward the center, so that the cells that fall off and die can be replenished. Although it is believed that some of the cells at the corneal limbal base are stem cells, no specific marker of CESCs has yet been found. CK3 and CK19 immunohistochemical staining were used to label CESCs. When the limbus is damaged and CESCs is deficient or defective, a series of pathological changes, such as persistent corneal epithelial erosion, corneal conjunctival epithelialization, neovascularization and pseudopterygium formation, will cause great pain to the patients. And eventually lead to blindness. With the CESCs theory,
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：R329.2

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