本文選題：癲癇　切入點(diǎn)：海人酸　出處：《大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 背景:癲癇(epilepsy)是由多種病因引起的腦功能障礙綜合征,是腦細(xì)胞群異常的超同步放電而引起的發(fā)作性、突然的、暫時性的腦功能紊亂。海人酸(KA)是腦內(nèi)興奮性氨基酸遞質(zhì)—谷氨酸的結(jié)構(gòu)類似物。海人酸模型已廣泛用于癲癇發(fā)作的研究。海馬是腦內(nèi)對最缺血敏感的區(qū)域之一。上世紀(jì)初Scharrer等就指出海馬結(jié)構(gòu)的易損性主要?dú)w因于其血液供應(yīng)的獨(dú)特方式。辜清等已在掃描電鏡下觀察到聽源性癲癇大鼠海馬內(nèi)存在微血管病變。 目的:,本文采用堿性磷酸酶法對KA癲癇模型中海馬CA1區(qū)的微血管分布密度進(jìn)行定量觀察,以探求海馬微血管構(gòu)筑在顳葉癲癇發(fā)病機(jī)制中的作用,為癲癇發(fā)病機(jī)制研究提供基礎(chǔ)資料。 方法:⑴雄性SD大鼠12只(180～250g),分為實(shí)驗組(KA, n=6)和對照組(NS, n=6)。⑵實(shí)驗組大鼠頸部皮下注射KA(10mg/kg),根據(jù)Racine[15]所描述的癲癇行為1～5級標(biāo)準(zhǔn),觀察實(shí)驗組動物全部達(dá)到4級或5級后,即認(rèn)為實(shí)驗組動物已符合癲癇模型的要求;對照組大鼠頸部皮下注射生理鹽水。⑶對照組和實(shí)驗組動物分別在給予生理鹽水或KA7d后,水合氯醛麻醉,心臟灌流固定,取腦,后固定,酒精梯度脫水,火棉膠包埋,切片(厚90μm),堿性磷酸酶染色,常規(guī)封片。⑷光鏡觀察,使用Nikon microscope picture analysis system分析軟件進(jìn)行定量分析。取右側(cè)背側(cè)海馬最大的部位,連續(xù)觀察3張切片,目標(biāo)區(qū)域為CA1區(qū)分子層,從CA1區(qū)的內(nèi)側(cè)端開始連續(xù)計數(shù)5個高倍視野(36300×90μm~3 ),記錄每個視野的微血管數(shù)目(N)、微血管最大直徑的平均值(D)和視野內(nèi)血管的總長度(L)。計算各指標(biāo)的平均值和微血管的平均長度(L/N)。⑸結(jié)果用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差表示;應(yīng)用spss11.5軟件的單因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計;P0.05具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。 結(jié)果:⑴海馬內(nèi)微血管的分布具有與神經(jīng)組織相對應(yīng)的層次性:區(qū)各層之間微血管密度及分布的層次性最明顯,其中多形層微血管最豐富,錐體層的最稀少,分子層的較稀少;CA3區(qū)中的錐體層血管密度最高,多形層次之,分子層最稀。CA4區(qū)的微血管分布沒有明顯的層次性。齒狀回的微血管分布以分子層最密,多形層次之,顆粒層最稀。對照組和實(shí)驗組大鼠海馬微血管的在分布方式上未見差別。⑵實(shí)驗組血管數(shù)目為5.21±0.62,明顯高于對照組(3.56±0.76), P=0.001;實(shí)驗組血管平均直徑為4.25±0.23μm,明顯低于對照組(5.35±1.04μm),P=0.030;實(shí)驗組血管長度為828.81±82.75μm ,明顯長于對照組( 438.12±64.23μm),P=0.000;實(shí)驗組血管的平均長度為198.23±24.48μm,略高于對照組(151.77±54.25μm),但不具有顯著性,P=0.085。 結(jié)論:⑴海馬內(nèi)微血管的分布具有與神經(jīng)組織相對應(yīng)的層次性,癲癇大鼠海馬微血管構(gòu)筑保持了層次性特點(diǎn)。⑵大鼠海馬CA1區(qū)分子層的微血管密度在KA大鼠癲癇發(fā)作7天后發(fā)生明顯增加。
[Abstract]:Background: epilepsy epilepsyis is a syndrome of brain dysfunction caused by various causes. It is a sudden and paroxysmal disorder caused by abnormal supersonic discharges of brain cell groups. Kainic acid is a structural analogue of excitatory amino acid transmitter-glutamic acid in the brain. The kainic acid model has been widely used in the study of epileptic seizures. The hippocampus is one of the most ischemic sensitive regions of the brain. At the beginning of last century, Scharrer et al pointed out that the vulnerability of hippocampal formation was mainly attributed to the unique way of blood supply. Koo Qing et al had observed microangiopathy in hippocampus of auditory epileptic rats under scanning electron microscope. Objective to investigate the role of hippocampal microvascular architecture in the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy by quantitative observation of microvessel density in hippocampal CA1 region in Ka epileptic model by alkaline phosphatase method. To provide basic data for the study of the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Methods Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 12) were divided into two groups: the experimental group (K A, n = 6) and the control group (n = 6.2). The rats of the experimental group were subcutaneously injected with 10 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) of Kar. According to the standard of epilepsy described by Racine [15], the animals in the experimental group were all observed to reach grade 4 or grade 5. That is to say, the experimental group has met the requirements of epileptic model, the control group rats were injected with normal saline 3.3. the control group and the experimental group were given normal saline or KA7d respectively, chloral hydrate was anesthetized, the heart was perfused and fixed, and the brain was taken out. Posterior fixation, alcohol gradient dehydration, colloid embedding, slice (90 渭 m thick, alkaline phosphatase staining, routine 4 light microscope observation), quantitative analysis using Nikon microscope picture analysis system software. The largest part of the right dorsal hippocampus was taken. Three slices were observed continuously, and the target region was the molecular layer of CA1 region. Starting from the medial end of the CA1 region, 5 high power visual fields 36 300 脳 90 渭 m were counted continuously. The number of microvessels in each field was recorded, the mean value of the maximum diameter of the microvessels (D) and the total length of the vessels in the field of vision were recorded. The mean values of each index and the microvessels were calculated. The mean length of L / N ~ (5) is expressed as mean 鹵standard deviation. Using spss11.5 software one-way ANOVA (one-way ANOVA) was statistically significant. Results the distribution of microvessels in the hippocampus of 1 / 1 had the same level as that of the nerve tissue: the microvessel density and distribution between the layers of the region were the most obvious, in which the polymorphic layer was the most abundant, and the pyramidal layer was the most rare. The density of blood vessels in the pyramidal layer of the molecular layer is the highest and the polymorphic layer of the pyramidal layer is the highest in the molecular layer. There is no obvious stratification of the microvessel distribution in the most thinnest part of the molecular layer. The microvessel distribution in the dentate gyrus is the densest and polymorphic layer in the dentate gyrus. There was no difference in the distribution of hippocampal microvessels between the control group and the experimental group (5.21 鹵0.62), which was significantly higher than that of the control group (3.56 鹵0.76), P0. 001, and the mean diameter of the experimental group was 4.25 鹵0.23 渭 m, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (5.35 鹵1.04 渭 m). The vascular length of the test group was 828.81 鹵82.75 渭 m. It was significantly longer than that in the control group (438.12 鹵64.23 渭 m P0. 000), and the average vascular length in the experimental group was 198.23 鹵24.48 渭 m, which was slightly higher than that in the control group (151.77 鹵54.25 渭 m), but not in the control group (P 0.085). Conclusion the distribution of microvessels in the hippocampus of 1 / 1 has a hierarchy corresponding to that of the nerve tissue. Hippocampal microvascular architecture in epileptic rats maintained hierarchical characteristics. 2 the microvessel density in the molecular layer of hippocampal CA1 region in rats increased significantly 7 days after seizure in Ka rats.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：R742.1;R361

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