【摘要】：記憶是神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)最基本的功能之一。對于不同經(jīng)歷，，記憶可強(qiáng)可弱，可長可短，這可能是因?yàn)樯窠?jīng)系統(tǒng)需要確保只有最重要的信息才被長期的儲存。目前，這其中的調(diào)控機(jī)制還很不清楚。果蠅學(xué)習(xí)記憶的相關(guān)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，懲罰性長時(shí)記憶的形成需要經(jīng)過多次間隔的訓(xùn)練，而與覓食相關(guān)的獎賞性記憶則只需要一次訓(xùn)練就能形成長時(shí)記憶。雖然在強(qiáng)大的遺傳學(xué)操作和工具的幫助下，大量與果蠅長時(shí)記憶相關(guān)的基因和腦區(qū)被揭示出來，但是要真正了解長時(shí)程記憶調(diào)控的原理，仍然需要不斷發(fā)現(xiàn)新的分子和深入的研究神經(jīng)回路機(jī)制。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在果蠅Hiw蛋白的活性下調(diào)的情況下，單次懲罰性訓(xùn)練便可誘導(dǎo)長時(shí)記憶的形成。Hiw通過其E3泛素連接酶活性生理性的參與到長時(shí)記憶的調(diào)控當(dāng)中。而且，Hiw蛋白可以特異的在蘑菇體α/β core神經(jīng)元內(nèi)調(diào)控下游Wnd/JNK信號通路，并最終影響長時(shí)記憶的形成。研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)蘑菇體α/β core亞結(jié)構(gòu)在長時(shí)記憶的獲取和取回過程中不發(fā)揮作用，但是卻參與調(diào)控了懲罰性和獎賞性長時(shí)記憶的固化過程。同時(shí)，蘑菇體α/β surface亞結(jié)構(gòu)特異的參與調(diào)控兩種長時(shí)記憶的取回過程。這些結(jié)果使我們提出了果蠅長時(shí)記憶的門控假說：蘑菇體α/β core亞結(jié)構(gòu)的功能就像是一道閘門，能夠決定長時(shí)記憶是否形成，而任何能開啟這一門控機(jī)制的經(jīng)歷都能形成長時(shí)程記憶。
[Abstract]:Memory is one of the most basic functions of the nervous system. For different experiences, memory can be strong or weak, long or short, probably because the nervous system needs to ensure that only the most important information is stored for a long time. At present, the regulation and control mechanism is not clear. Studies on learning and memory of Drosophila have found that the formation of punitive long term memory requires multiple interval training while reward memory associated with foraging requires only one training to form long term memory. Although a large number of genes and brain regions related to the long term memory of Drosophila have been revealed with the help of powerful genetic techniques and tools, it is important to really understand the mechanism of the regulation of long term memory. New molecules and further studies of neural circuit mechanisms are still needed. In this study, it was found that under the condition of down-regulation of Hiw protein activity in Drosophila melanogaster, a single punitive training could induce the formation of long-term memory. Hiw physiologically participated in the regulation of long-term memory through its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Moreover, Hiw protein can specifically regulate the downstream Wnd/JNK signaling pathway in the 偽 / 尾 core neurons of mushroom body, and ultimately affect the formation of long-term memory. It was also found that the 偽 / 尾 core substructure of mushroom body did not play a role in the acquisition and retrieval of long-term memory, but it was involved in the process of punitive and rewarding long-term memory solidification. At the same time, the 偽 / 尾 surface substructure of mushroom body was specifically involved in regulating the retrieval of two kinds of long term memory. These results have led us to propose a gating hypothesis for Drosophila's long-term memory: the function of the 偽 / 尾 core substructure of the mushroom body is like a gate that determines whether long-term memory is formed or not. Any experience that opens this gated mechanism can form long-term memory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R338

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王世清;孫侃;帥yN春;王連章;鐘毅;;果蠅長時(shí)程記憶缺陷型突變體的鑒定[J];中國生物化學(xué)與分子生物學(xué)報(bào);2012年08期

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