【摘要】：目的采用不同低濃度的酒精飲料讓大鼠自由飲用的造模方法,使之建立起與人類慢性酒精中毒類似的簡便、理想的大鼠慢性酒精中毒自由飲模型。 方法(1)將普通級成年Wistar大鼠(370±30)g,共80只,隨機(jī)分成對照組1,6%酒精組1,8%酒精組1,12%酒精組1；對照組2,6%酒精組2,8%酒精組2,12%酒精組2,每組各10只。(2)采用逐步遞增酒精濃度自由飲法建立慢性酒精中毒動物模型。模型組大鼠每天自由飲用各濃度的酒精飲料,不給于水,造模分兩個階段進(jìn)行,即3個月和4個月。(3)造模后通過Morris水迷宮實驗檢測大鼠學(xué)習(xí)記憶損傷情況,氣相色譜法測定血酒精濃度,采用光學(xué)顯微鏡及電子顯微鏡分別觀察酒精中毒后大鼠腦部和肝臟的病理變化。 結(jié)果(1)同一時間段大鼠自由飲酒精飲料后所攝取到體內(nèi)的酒精含量以12%酒精組最多,8%酒精組次之,6%酒精組最少；模型組大鼠體重增長緩慢,其中12%酒精組尤為顯著。(2)模型組大鼠學(xué)習(xí)記憶損傷程度在6%酒精組和8%酒精組不明顯,12%酒精組最明顯。(3)造模3個月和4個月時所測到的模型組大鼠血中酒精濃度基本在150-200mg/100ml之間,其中12%酒精組較高,8%酒精組次之,6%酒精組最少。(4)光鏡下3個月時雖然肝臟已有病理變化,但腦部未出現(xiàn),4個月時腦部出現(xiàn)病理變化；造模4個月后透射電鏡下模型組額葉、小腦、海馬突觸間隙厚度變薄,突觸數(shù)量減少,突觸小泡數(shù)量增多,突觸間隙變窄,突觸厚膜致密物電子密度降低,突觸內(nèi)線粒體雙層膜和嵴結(jié)構(gòu)模糊不清或破壞,嵴斷裂、變短、減少。 結(jié)論(1)模型組大鼠自由飲用低濃度酒精飲料3個月,4個月均可以建立慢性酒精中毒大鼠自由飲模型,3個月時只有行為學(xué)變化及輕度肝臟病理變化,4個月時腦部出現(xiàn)病理變化,其中12%酒精組最明顯。(2)直接測定血液中酒精濃度的方法,可提供準(zhǔn)確的大鼠酒精中毒狀態(tài)。(3)模型組大鼠自由飲用低濃度酒精飲料4個月腦部及肝臟均可出現(xiàn)超微結(jié)構(gòu)改變。
[Abstract]:Objective to establish a simple and ideal rat model of chronic alcohol intoxication similar to human chronic alcoholism by using different low concentration alcoholic drinks to make rats drink freely. Methods (1) 80 adult Wistar rats of general grade (370 鹵30) g were randomly divided into control group (n = 16) and control group (n = 1). There were 10 rats in each group in the control group. (2) the animal model of chronic alcoholism was established by stepwise increasing alcohol concentration free drink method. The rats in the model group drank alcohol of different concentrations freely every day and were not given water. The model was made in two stages, that is, 3 months and 4 months. (3) the learning and memory impairment of rats was detected by Morris water maze test. The blood alcohol concentration was measured by gas chromatography. The pathological changes of brain and liver were observed by optical microscope and electron microscope respectively. Results (1) in the same time period, the alcohol content in the body was the highest in 12% alcohol group, the second in 8% alcohol group and the least in 6% alcohol group. The weight of the rats in the model group increased slowly, especially in the 12% alcohol group. (2) the degree of learning and memory impairment in the model group was not significant in the 6% alcohol group and the 8% alcohol group. (3) the concentration of alcohol in the blood of the model group was basically between 150-200mg/100ml after 3 and 4 months of model making, among which 12% alcohol group was higher, 8% alcohol group was the second. 6% alcohol group was the least. (4) there were pathological changes in the liver at 3 months under light microscope, but no changes in the brain, and pathological changes in the brain at 4 months. In the model group, the thickness of synaptic space in frontal lobe, cerebellum and hippocampus became thinner, the number of synapses decreased, the number of synaptic vesicles increased, the synaptic gap narrowed, and the electron density of dense substance of thick synaptic membrane decreased under transmission electron microscope (TEM) 4 months later. The double layer membrane and cristal structure of mitochondria in synapses were blurred or destroyed, the crest was broken, shortened and decreased. Conclusion (1) the rats in the model group were free to drink low-concentration alcoholic drinks for 3 months and 4 months to establish the free drink model of chronic alcoholism. At 3 months, only the behavioral changes and the pathological changes of the liver were observed. Pathological changes occurred in the brain at 4 months, especially in the 12% alcohol group. (2) the method of measuring the concentration of alcohol in blood directly. (3) the rats in the model group had ultrastructural changes in brain and liver after 4 months of free drinking of low-concentration alcoholic beverages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R-332

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