發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-25 14:15

【摘要】：背景： 醫(yī)生由于工作的性質(zhì)很易成為工作倦怠的高發(fā)群體,對(duì)其健康和家庭乃至事業(yè)的影響及危害不容忽視。特別是工作在基層醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)一線的醫(yī)務(wù)人員肩負(fù)著治病救人的任務(wù),工作時(shí)間長,勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度密集,在體力和精力上往往比上級(jí)醫(yī)院的醫(yī)務(wù)人員承受更大的壓力。這一群體的心理壓力是多因素相互作用的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)。但是,目前對(duì)于基層醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)一線醫(yī)務(wù)人員心理健康狀況和工作倦怠情況的研究,國內(nèi)外鮮有報(bào)道,所以當(dāng)前有必要對(duì)這一群體的身心健康特點(diǎn)及其應(yīng)對(duì)問題、社會(huì)支持、生活事件等有關(guān)應(yīng)激因素的相關(guān)性作調(diào)查和研究分析。 目的： 通過對(duì)吉林省基層醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)一線醫(yī)務(wù)人員心理健康狀況、工作倦怠及其相關(guān)影響因素的研究,旨在了解吉林省基層醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)醫(yī)務(wù)人員心理健康狀況、工作倦怠的特點(diǎn)及其影響因素,為研究這一群體工作倦怠和心理健康問題積累經(jīng)驗(yàn),并為預(yù)防和進(jìn)一步的干預(yù)措施提供參考。 方法： 參考《國家衛(wèi)生服務(wù)調(diào)查社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)/街道衛(wèi)生院調(diào)查表》和《國家衛(wèi)生服務(wù)調(diào)查社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)站、村衛(wèi)生室調(diào)查表》制作調(diào)查問卷,利用此問卷和馬斯勒倦怠感量表對(duì)調(diào)查對(duì)象進(jìn)行測查,測查結(jié)果分別采用t檢驗(yàn)、方差分析、pearson相關(guān)分析進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理。 結(jié)果： 1.調(diào)查吉林省基層醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)醫(yī)務(wù)人員總數(shù)為1306人。收回有效問卷1192份,回收率91.27%。 2.工作倦怠在婚姻狀況方面的差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義；而在年齡、技術(shù)職稱、健康行為、不良嗜好等方面的差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。 3.情緒衰竭、情感疏遠(yuǎn)兩個(gè)維度與心理健康狀況呈顯著正相關(guān),職業(yè)效能感低與心理健康狀況呈負(fù)相關(guān),說明工作倦怠者易伴隨心理健康問題。 結(jié)論： 1.基層醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)醫(yī)務(wù)人員的總體心理健康狀況較差,工作倦怠程度較高。 2.人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)因素年齡、職稱、工齡、學(xué)歷等；不良行為因素吸煙、飲酒；健康行為因素；社會(huì)保障因素均在工作倦怠的某幾個(gè)維度產(chǎn)生影響。 3.有力的社會(huì)、組織支持可以減輕個(gè)體醫(yī)務(wù)工作者的工作倦怠體驗(yàn),改善心理健康狀況。
[Abstract]:Background: because of the nature of work, doctors can easily become a high incidence group of job burnout, and their health, family and even career impact and harm can not be ignored. Especially the medical personnel who work in the primary medical institutions shoulder the task of curing and rescuing the patients. The working hours are long and the intensity of labor is intensive. They often bear more pressure in physical strength and energy than the medical staff in higher hospitals. The psychological stress of this group is a complex system of multi-factor interaction. However, there are few reports at home and abroad on the psychological health status and job burnout of first-line medical personnel in primary medical institutions. Therefore, it is necessary to support the physical and mental health of this group and its coping problems. Life events and other related stress factors were investigated and analyzed. Objective: to study the mental health status, job burnout and related factors of the medical staff in primary medical institutions in Jilin Province, in order to understand the mental health status of medical staff in primary medical institutions in Jilin province. The characteristics of job burnout and its influencing factors can accumulate experience for the study of job burnout and mental health problems of this group and provide reference for prevention and further intervention. Methods: the questionnaire was made according to the questionnaire of the National Health Service Survey Community Health Service Center, Township / Street Health Center and the National Health Service Survey Community Health Service Station and Village Health Office. The questionnaire and Marsler Burnout scale were used to test the subjects. The results were analyzed by t test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: 1. The total number of medical personnel in primary medical institutions in Jilin Province was 1306. 1192 valid questionnaires were collected, and the recovery rate was 91.27%. Job burnout had no significant difference in marital status, but significant difference in age, technical title, health behavior, bad habits and so on. The two dimensions of emotional exhaustion and emotional alienation were positively correlated with mental health status, and the low occupational efficacy was negatively correlated with mental health status, indicating that job burnout was liable to accompany mental health problems. Conclusion: 1. The general mental health status of medical personnel in primary medical institutions was poor, and the degree of job burnout was higher. 2. 2. Demographic factors, age, professional title, length of service, education, etc.; Bad behavioral factors smoking, drinking, health behavior factors, social security factors in a number of dimensions of job burnout. 3. Strong social, organizational support can reduce the individual medical workers' job burnout experience and improve their mental health.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：R197.2;R395

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