本文選題：病毒 + 組織均質(zhì)化　； 參考：《安徽理工大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：病毒是一類結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,體積微小,只含單一核酸(DNA/RNA),嚴格細胞內(nèi)寄生的非細胞型微生物。實驗室人員處理帶有病毒的感染性材料時稍有不慎即可導(dǎo)致實驗室獲得性感染(LAIs)事件的發(fā)生。在處理感染性材料時,溢撒形成的液滴和氣溶膠可能通過呼吸道吸入或者消化道攝入而引發(fā)實驗室感染。 組織均質(zhì)化是處理感染性材料的重要手段之一,同時,組織均質(zhì)化過程中也極易產(chǎn)生溢撒現(xiàn)象,是實驗室產(chǎn)生污染的主要原因之一。因此,感染性材料的組織均質(zhì)化的實驗活動過程存在極大的風險。雖然人們已經(jīng)認識到組織均質(zhì)化過程中存在溢撒風險,但是在操作過程中由溢撒產(chǎn)生的污染范圍還未有研究。為了進一步探究感染性材料在組織均質(zhì)化中產(chǎn)生的污染范圍,我們用表達GFP的重組單純皰疹病毒(rHSV)和健康小鼠的肝臟組織模擬感染性材料,使用實驗室常用的超聲和勻漿方式來評價組織均質(zhì)化的污染范圍,實驗結(jié)果顯示溢撒半徑隨著超聲處理時間、功率和樣本量的增加而增加,存在線性相關(guān)(F=96.933,p=0.000)；勻漿的溢撒半徑也隨著樣本量和勻漿轉(zhuǎn)速的增加隨之增加(p0.05),樣本量和勻漿轉(zhuǎn)速與溢撒半徑之間存在線性相關(guān)(F=30.67,p=0.000)。為定量判斷感染性材料均質(zhì)化帶來的風險,以及均質(zhì)化帶來的污染風險的處理提供了一定的實驗依據(jù)。 實驗室防護裝備可有效阻斷由操作感染性材料時的溢撒等帶來的污染,從而降低實驗操作感染性材料帶來的風險,避免實驗室感染事件的發(fā)生,因此,實驗防護是確保實驗室人員生物安全必不可少的條件之一。而實驗防護隔離的有效性取決于病原微生物在防護裝備上的生存能力和穿透性。如果能夠阻止病原微生物穿透防護裝備,而且降低病原微生物在防護裝備上存活時間,勢必降低實驗室工作人員操作感染性材料帶來的風險。因此,針對病原微生物表面所帶電荷的特點,利用4種不同類型的離子型表面活性的聚丙烯纖維,分別與表達GFP的重組腺病毒(rADV)相互作用。實驗結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)離子型表面活性的聚丙烯纖維能有效吸附病原體。具有金屬離子和兩性表面活性的聚丙烯纖維具有更強的吸附能力,提示表面活性聚丙烯纖維可以成為實驗室防護裝置基礎(chǔ)材料。
[Abstract]:The virus is a class of non-cellular microorganisms with simple structure, small volume, only single nucleic acid DNA / RNA / RNA, strict cell parasitism. Laboratory personnel handling infectious materials with viruses can lead to laboratory acquired infections (LAIsa). When dealing with infectious materials, droplets and aerosols from spills may cause laboratory infections through respiratory inhalation or ingestion of the digestive tract. Tissue homogenization is one of the most important methods to deal with infectious materials. At the same time, it is easy to produce spills in the process of tissue homogenization, which is one of the main causes of laboratory pollution. Therefore, there are great risks in the process of tissue homogenization of infectious materials. Although it has been recognized that there is spilling risk in the process of tissue homogenization, the extent of pollution caused by spilling has not been studied. To further investigate the extent of contamination caused by tissue homogenization of infectious materials, we used recombinant herpes simplex virus rHSV (rHSV), which expressed GFP, and the liver tissue of healthy mice to mimic infectious materials. The experimental results show that the spilling radius increases with the increase of ultrasonic treatment time, power and sample size, and there is a linear correlation between them. The spilling radius of homogenate also increased with the increase of sample size and rotation speed of homogenate, and there was a linear correlation between sample size and rotation speed of homogenate and spilling radius. It provides a certain experimental basis for quantitatively judging the risk caused by homogenization of infectious materials and the treatment of pollution risk caused by homogenization. Laboratory protective equipment can effectively block the pollution caused by the spilling of infectious materials, thus reducing the risk of laboratory operation of infectious materials and avoiding the occurrence of laboratory infection events. Experimental protection is one of the essential conditions to ensure the biosafety of laboratory personnel. The effectiveness of experimental isolation depends on the survival and penetration of pathogenic microorganisms in protective equipment. If we can prevent pathogenic microorganisms from penetrating protective equipment and reduce the survival time of pathogenic microorganisms on protective equipment, the risk of laboratory staff operating infectious materials will be reduced. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the surface charge of pathogenic microorganisms, four kinds of polypropylene fibers with different ionic surface activity were used to interact with the recombinant adenovirus (rADV) expressing GFP, respectively. The experimental results showed that polypropylene fiber with ionic surface activity could effectively adsorb pathogens. Polypropylene fiber with metal ion and amphoteric surface activity has stronger adsorption ability, suggesting that surface active polypropylene fiber can be used as the basic material of laboratory protective device.
【學位授予單位】：安徽理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：R373

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本文編號：2032390