發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-07 06:42

  本文選題：冷輻射 + 局部熱感覺(jué)��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)，由于室外溫度較低，導(dǎo)致外墻和外窗等圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)表面溫度低于內(nèi)墻等其他圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)表面溫度。室內(nèi)為不均勻的冷輻射環(huán)境。 為了研究在冷輻射環(huán)境中人體的生理和心理響應(yīng)，共進(jìn)行了3個(gè)工況的實(shí)驗(yàn)，分別為冷工況、中性工況和均勻工況。其中均勻工況用于對(duì)比分析。已基本適應(yīng)了嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)氣候的20名身體健康的大學(xué)生受試者參加了實(shí)驗(yàn)，服裝熱阻為1.02clo，每個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)工況歷時(shí)1.5h。 實(shí)驗(yàn)中測(cè)量了空氣溫度、風(fēng)速、相對(duì)濕度、黑球溫度、圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)表面溫度等環(huán)境參數(shù)；同時(shí)對(duì)受試者的心率、血壓、皮膚溫度等生理參數(shù)進(jìn)行測(cè)量；并對(duì)受試者的全身熱感覺(jué)、熱舒適和熱可接受度等進(jìn)行主觀問(wèn)卷調(diào)查；對(duì)受試者的額頭、后背、手部、手臂和小腿5個(gè)部位的局部熱感覺(jué)、局部熱舒適進(jìn)行調(diào)查；并調(diào)查不同部位的局部吹風(fēng)感。 本文研究了人體的生理響應(yīng)規(guī)律，包括人體的生理學(xué)參數(shù)如皮膚表面溫度、心率、血壓等隨環(huán)境參數(shù)的變化規(guī)律；人體的心理響應(yīng)規(guī)律，包括局部和全身熱感覺(jué)、局部和全身熱舒適隨環(huán)境參數(shù)的變化規(guī)律，局部和全身熱感覺(jué)隨生理學(xué)參數(shù)的變化規(guī)律；冷輻射環(huán)境中人體熱反應(yīng)評(píng)價(jià)模型，，包括局部熱感覺(jué)對(duì)全身熱感覺(jué)的影響，局部和全身熱感覺(jué)對(duì)全身熱可接受度的影響。 研究結(jié)果表明，在冷輻射環(huán)境中，不同部位間的皮膚溫度和全身平均皮膚溫度隨空氣溫度的變化較為顯著；心率隨溫度的升高而加快；血壓在不同工況間沒(méi)有明顯的區(qū)別。 分析熱感覺(jué)與熱舒適的投票，結(jié)果表明，由于冷輻射的影響和人體局部熱感覺(jué)的差異，使得同一工況中，人體各部位的局部熱感覺(jué)、局部熱舒適存在明顯的差異，這種差異會(huì)隨著全身熱水平的提高而減弱。中性和冷工況中，頭部和后背的熱感覺(jué)不存在顯著性差異，手部、手臂和小腿局部熱感覺(jué)和全身熱感覺(jué)存在顯著性差異。 通過(guò)回歸分析，得到全身熱感覺(jué)與全身皮膚溫度、局部熱感覺(jué)與局部和全身皮膚溫度、心率與全身熱感覺(jué)的回歸公式。 研究表明，PMV預(yù)測(cè)模型并不適用于冷輻射環(huán)境。建立了適用于冷輻射環(huán)境的人體熱反應(yīng)評(píng)價(jià)模型。
[Abstract]:In the cold area, because of the low outdoor temperature, the inner surface temperature of the exterior wall and exterior window is lower than that of the inner wall. Room for uneven cold radiation environment. In order to study the physiological and psychological response of human body in cold radiation environment, three experiments were carried out, namely, cold condition, neutral condition and uniform condition. The uniform working condition is used for comparative analysis. Twenty healthy college students who had basically adapted to the cold climate participated in the experiment. The thermal resistance of clothing was 1.02clo.Each experiment lasted 1.5 hours. The environmental parameters such as air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, black ball temperature, inner surface temperature of enclosure were measured, and physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure and skin temperature were measured. A subjective questionnaire survey was conducted on the whole body thermal sensation, thermal comfort and thermal acceptability of the subjects, and the local thermal sensation and local thermal comfort of the subjects' forehead, back, hands, arms and legs were investigated. The local blowing sensation of different parts was investigated. This paper studies the physiological response of human body, including the changes of physiological parameters such as skin surface temperature, heart rate and blood pressure with environmental parameters, and the psychological response of human body, including local and systemic thermal sensation. The variation of local and systemic thermal comfort with environmental parameters, the variation of local and systemic thermal sensation with physiological parameters, the evaluation model of human body thermal response in cold radiation environment, including the effect of local thermal sensation on systemic thermal sensation, The effect of local and systemic thermal sensation on the acceptability of systemic heat. The results show that in cold radiation environment, the changes of skin temperature and body average skin temperature with air temperature are significant, the heart rate increases with the increase of air temperature, and there is no obvious difference in blood pressure between different working conditions. By analyzing the voting of thermal sensation and thermal comfort, the results show that there are obvious differences in local thermal sensation and local thermal comfort between different parts of human body under the same working condition due to the influence of cold radiation and the difference of human body's local thermal sensation. The difference decreases with the increase in body heat levels. There was no significant difference in heat sensation between head and back in neutral and cold condition but there was significant difference in local heat sensation in hand arm and leg and whole body thermal sensation. By regression analysis, the regression formula between the whole body heat sensation and the whole body skin temperature, the local heat sensation and the local and whole body skin temperature, the heart rate and the whole body heat sensation was obtained. The results show that the PMV prediction model is not suitable for cold radiation environment. A human body thermal response evaluation model suitable for cold radiation environment was established.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R339.55;TU111.2

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