本文選題：高熱濕環(huán)境　切入點：生理反應　出處：《天津大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：高熱濕環(huán)境廣泛存在于自然、工業(yè)和軍事等特殊環(huán)境中，其中的勞動作業(yè)人員因環(huán)境熱應力產生一系列的生理應激反應，過度反應會對人體的健康產生潛在的威脅甚至造成不可恢復的損害。為此，學者們一直致力于熱暴露過程中人體的生理反應的影響研究，包括環(huán)境、負荷強度、體質情況、體型參數(shù)等對人體生理反應的影響作用研究。本文通過開展人體熱暴露實驗研究，針對體質情況、體型參數(shù)對人體生理反應的影響作用進行探索性研究。 通過高溫高濕環(huán)境艙分別模擬舒適，濕熱和干熱環(huán)境工況。選擇20名身體健康的大學生志愿者作為實驗樣本，在三種環(huán)境工況中分別從事低強度和高強度的勞動，強度水平設定為相同的最大耗氧量（VO2max，Maximal Oxygen Uptake）相對水平，分別為25%VO2max和45%VO2max。實測受試樣本在熱暴露過程中的口腔溫度（Tor，Oral Temperature）、皮膚溫度（Tsk，Skin Temperature）、心率（HR，Heart Rate）和出汗量（SL，Sweat Loss），記錄人體達到熱耐受極限的時長。 分析在不同環(huán)境和勞動強度下，體型參數(shù)、體質情況對人體生理指標的影響作用。確定體型參數(shù)中，體重（Wb，body weight）、體表面積（BSA，Body SurfaceArea）、體脂率（Fat%，Percentage of Body Fat）等參數(shù)與人體口腔溫度變化量（△Tco，Increased Oral Temperature）、皮膚溫度變化量（△Tsk，Increased Skin Temperature）、心率變化量（△HR，Increased Heart Rate）、SL有不同程度的相關性。分析性別因素對人體生理反應的影響，結果顯示男性和女性樣本的生理反應存在顯著差異，，同時，男性樣本中對生理反應有顯著作用的個體參數(shù)有別于女性樣本。 分析在不同環(huán)境和勞動強度下，性別因素、體型參數(shù)、體質情況對人體熱耐受時長的影響作用。確定在干熱和濕熱環(huán)境中，人體VO2max對人體熱耐受時長有影響作用；并確定在不同環(huán)境工況中，人體的熱耐受時長存在性別差異。 在理論研究的基礎上，提出一種基于人體體型、體質參數(shù)的指標個體參數(shù)指標（BCI，Body Characteristic Index）評價模型，利用實驗數(shù)據(jù)對該模型進行修正和驗證。BCI可用于評價在群體范圍內，人體在熱暴露過程中生理反應的相對水平，可預測人體在熱暴露階段生理指標變化量。該指標計算簡單，無需測量熱暴露過程中人體的生理指標，不依賴于環(huán)境和勞動強度，因而可廣泛使用。
[Abstract]:High humidity environment exists widely in nature, industrial and military and other special circumstances, operators which produce a series of physiological stress response due to environmental heat stress, excessive reaction to human health will have a potential threat and even cause irreversible damage. Therefore, influence research, scholars have been committed to heat in the process of human exposure to physiological responses including environment, load intensity, physical condition, effect of reaction parameters on the shape of human physiology. This paper carried out experimental study on human thermal exposure, according to the constitution, the reaction effect of shape parameters on human physiological study.
Through the high temperature and high humidity environment simulated cabin comfort, moist and heat conditions. Choose 20 healthy volunteers as the experimental samples, in three environmental conditions respectively in low strength and high labor intensity, the intensity was set to the same maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max Maximal, Oxygen Uptake) relative level, respectively. 25%VO2max and 45%VO2max. were measured in oral temperature during thermal exposure of the samples (Tor, Oral, Temperature) (Tsk Skin Temperature, skin temperature, heart rate (HR), Heart Rate (SL) and the amount of sweat, Sweat Loss), recorded the human body to achieve the heat tolerance limit the length of time.
Analysis of the shape parameter in different environment and labor intensity, physical condition, effects on human physiological indexes. Determine the shape parameters, body weight (Wb, body, weight) (BSA, Body, SurfaceArea surface area, percentage of body fat (Fat%), Percentage of Body Fat) parameters and human oral temperature variation (Tco, Increased Oral Temperature), skin temperature variation (Tsk, Increased Skin Temperature), heart rate variation (HR, Increased Heart, SL Rate) have different degrees of relevance. Gender analysis on Affecting Factors of physical reactions to human health, the results show that there are significant differences and physiological responses of male and female samples at the same time, the individual parameters of male samples have significant effect on the physiological response is different from the female samples.
The analysis in different environment and labor intensity, gender, shape parameters, effects of physical condition on human heat tolerance duration. In dry and damp heat environment, human VO2max has an impact on human body heat tolerance; and determine under different environmental conditions, long sex differences in heat tolerance of human body when.
On the basis of theoretical research, based on the human body, the individual parameters of physical parameter index (BCI, Body Characteristic Index) evaluation model, using the experimental data of the correction and validation of.BCI model can be used to evaluate within groups, in the human body during thermal exposure and physiological reaction relative level, forecast human exposure variation of physiological indexes in the hot stage. The index has the advantages of simple calculation, no need to measure the physiological indexes of human body during thermal exposure, does not depend on the environment and labor intensity, and can be widely used.

【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R339.5;X968

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相關期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號：1679778