本文關(guān)鍵詞： 肝干細胞 肝臟疾病 研究進展　出處：《重慶醫(yī)科大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：干細胞(stem cells, SCs)是指那些處于分化過程之中，具有分裂增殖能力，在一定條件下，能分化產(chǎn)生一種以上功能細胞的原始細胞。肝干細胞(hepatic stem cells, HSCs)是指具有干細胞特點，并能增殖、分化成為肝細胞和膽管細胞，參與肝臟結(jié)構(gòu)和功能重建的一類細胞。 根據(jù)肝干細胞的特性，其臨床應(yīng)用主要包括產(chǎn)生移植所需肝臟組織或器官及用于干細胞治療。目前分離和篩選得到“種子”肝干細胞的方法主要是熒光激活細胞篩選法。肝干細胞可分為肝源性和非肝源性。肝源性肝干細胞包括肝細胞、卵圓細胞和小肝細胞等，非肝源性肝干細胞主要包括胚胎干細胞、骨髓干細胞等。目前關(guān)于肝干細胞的相關(guān)研究取得了部分成果，但大多數(shù)研究還僅限于動物實驗研究，臨床應(yīng)用還較少，肝干細胞在肝移植方面的應(yīng)用研究尚處于空白，而用于細胞治療的具體作用機制還不清楚，肝干細胞體外提取、純化、培養(yǎng)等技術(shù)還不夠成熟，采用何種移植方式還沒有科學定論，，用于治療的長期有效性和安全性還缺乏相關(guān)資料，卵圓細胞與肝癌和肝硬化的發(fā)生可能有密切關(guān)系，胚胎干細胞的研究與應(yīng)用還面臨的倫理學挑戰(zhàn)，胚胎干細胞的致畸胎瘤等問題也有待解決。但肝干細胞在肝臟損傷、肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌等肝臟疾病的治療及肝移植術(shù)后抗排異等方面的相關(guān)進展表明，肝干細胞在肝臟疾病臨床應(yīng)用中具有十分廣闊的前景。本綜述介紹了肝干細胞的分離、篩選、分類與特性、體外擴增與分化、在肝臟疾病中應(yīng)用的研究進展及面臨的問題，并展望其發(fā)展前景。
[Abstract]:Stem cells (SCS) are those in the process of differentiation, with the ability to divide and proliferate, under certain conditions. Hepatic stem cells (HSCs) are characterized by stem cells and can proliferate. Differentiation into hepatocytes and bile duct cells involved in the reconstruction of liver structure and function. According to the characteristics of liver stem cells. Its clinical applications mainly include producing liver tissues or organs needed for transplantation and for use in stem cell therapy. At present, "seeds" are obtained by isolation and screening. The main methods of hepatic stem cells are fluorescence activated cell screening. Liver stem cells can be divided into hepatogenic and non-hepatogenic. Hepatogenic liver stem cells include hepatocytes. Oval cells and small liver cells, non-hepatic stem cells mainly include embryonic stem cells, bone marrow stem cells and so on. However, most of the research is limited to animal experiments, the clinical application is relatively small, the application of liver stem cells in liver transplantation is still blank, but the specific mechanism of cell therapy is not clear. The extraction, purification and culture of liver stem cells in vitro are not mature enough. There is no scientific conclusion about the transplantation method, and the long-term efficacy and safety of the treatment are still lack of relevant information. Oval cells may be closely related to the occurrence of liver cancer and cirrhosis. The research and application of embryonic stem cells still face ethical challenges. However, the progress of liver stem cells in liver injury, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, liver cancer and anti-rejection after liver transplantation, etc. Liver stem cells have a broad prospect in clinical application of liver diseases. This review introduces the isolation, screening, classification and characteristics of liver stem cells, expansion and differentiation in vitro. Research progress and problems in the application of liver diseases, and prospects for its development.
【學位授予單位】：重慶醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R329.2

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王方;張小崗;張靜;周一鳴;印建國;云升浩;馮雪梅;周新人;黃濤;;自體骨髓干細胞治療失代償期肝硬化患者50例療效觀察[J];實用肝臟病雜志;2010年04期

本文編號：1446576